Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments

Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments

Author: Yijun Yao

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-07-25

Total Pages: 133

ISBN-13: 9811927006

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This book introduces key concepts in modeling and risk assessments of vapor intrusion, a process by which the subsurface volatile contaminants migrate into the building of concern. Soil vapor intrusion is the major exposure pathway for building occupants to chemicals from the subsurface, and its risk assessments determine the criteria of volatile contaminants in soil/groundwater in brownfield redevelopment. The chapters feature the recent advances in vapor intrusion studies and practices, including analytical and numerical modeling of vapor intrusion, statistical findings of United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Vapor Intrusion Database and Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Databases, the challenges of preferential pathways, and the application of building pressure cycling methods, and field practices of vapor intrusion risk assessments at developed contaminated sites and in brownfield redevelopment. This volume also summarizes the advantages and limits of current applications in vapor intrusion risk assessment, laying the groundwork for future research of better understanding in risk characterization of soil vapor intrusion using models. Written by experts in this field, Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments will serve as an invaluable reference for researchers, regulators, and practitioners, who are interested in perceiving the basic knowledge and current advances in risk assessments of soil vapor intrusion.


Guide for the Assessment of the Vapor Intrusion Pathway

Guide for the Assessment of the Vapor Intrusion Pathway

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13:

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This document has been developed by the Health Risk Assessment Branch of the Air Force Institute for Operational Health (AFIOH) as an informational resource for Mr Force environmental managers who are interested in evaluating the vapor intrusion pathway (VIP), This pathway has received substantial scrutiny in recent years by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state environmental regulatory agencies; the potential health risks from vapor intrusion are being evaluated at numerous sites across 'the country. Exposures related to this pathway can result from the volatilization and migration of chemicals from contaminated groundwater and subsurface soil that can leak through cracks and holes in buildings located above the contamination. EPA has developed a detailed vapor intrusion guide (EPA, 2002a) that uses a tiered approach to evaluate the potential risks associated with this pathway. This Air Force-specific document generally follows and supports the modeling and risk assessment approaches recommended by EPA. The primary focus of this document is to provide a discussion of various approaches, problems, and solutions related to assessing and managing the VIP. This guidance covers such areas as sampling and analysis, analytical methods, indoor air quality, risk assessment, remediation, and risk management.


Vapor Intrusion Risk Assessment With an Innovative Mobile GC System

Vapor Intrusion Risk Assessment With an Innovative Mobile GC System

Author: Bernd Seelhorst

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 16

ISBN-13:

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One of the dominating problems in the revitalization of brownfields in region of São Paulo City, Brazil, is the assessment and quantification of vapor intrusion scenarios that trigger frequently necessary remedial actions. With a flux chamber based investigation procedure in combination with a new developed GC-system for the detection of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) site specific soil vapor fluxes could be quantified. Based on the results of flux chamber experiments the effectiveness of concrete slabs could be shown to reduce the vapor flux into enclosed spaced. Moreover, the obtained vapor flux rates were used to predict resulting indoor air concentration due to vapor intrusion of CVOCs.


DoD Vapor Intrusion Handbook

DoD Vapor Intrusion Handbook

Author: Tri-Service Environmental Risk Assessment Workgroup

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This handbook was developed by the Tri-Service Environmental Risk Assessment Work Group (TSERAWG) to serve as a resource for remedial project managers (RPMs) who may need to investigate the vapor intrusion pathway at Department of Defense (DoD) sites. The Tri-Services of the DoD include the Departments of the Air Force, Army, and Navy, with the Department of the Navy (DON) including both the Navy and the Marine Corps. This handbook was developed to support RPMs working on both active and closed Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps bases, as well as Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS). The handbook is intended to provide a general framework for conducting vapor intrusion investigations under the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP). Both residential and occupational exposure scenarios are discussed since both groups can be affected by vapor intrusion.


Environmental Modeling and Health Risk Analysis (Acts/Risk)

Environmental Modeling and Health Risk Analysis (Acts/Risk)

Author: Mustafa Aral ARAL

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-07-28

Total Pages: 478

ISBN-13: 9048186080

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Environmental Modeling and Health Risk Analysis (ACTS/RISK) The purpose of this book is to provide the reader with an integrated perspective on several ?elds. First, it discusses the ?elds of environmental modeling in general and multimedia (the term “multimedia” is used throughout the text to indicate that environmental transformation and transport processes are discussed in association with three environmental media: air, groundwater and surface water pathways) environmental transformation and transport processes in particular; it also provides a detailed description of numerous mechanistic models that are used in these ?elds. Second, this book presents a review of the topics of exposure and health risk analysis. The Analytical Contaminant Transport Analysis System (ACTS) and Health RISK Analysis (RISK) software tools are an integral part of the book and provide computational platforms for all the models discussed herein. The most recent versions of these two software tools can be downloaded from the publisher’s web site. The author recommends registering the software on the web download page so that users can receive updates about newer versions of the software.


Fundamentals of Environmental Site Assessment and Remediation

Fundamentals of Environmental Site Assessment and Remediation

Author: Yue Rong

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-07-03

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 1351590421

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Fundamentals of Environmental Site Assessment and Remediation examines all aspects of environmental site assessment and remediation and outlines the interdisciplinary skills needed to work in the field. It provides a comprehensive overview for students, environmental professionals, and real estate developers, and includes the latest environmental regulations, environmental site assessment and remediation practices, and industry standards. It examines pollution sources and the related impacts on drinking water supplies, the associated health risks, and how to protect water resources. The monitoring of surface water, groundwater, and soil is explained, as well as vapor intrusion. It will include several practical case studies throughout. Features Includes the latest and best practices for environmental site assessment and remediation procedures. Presents a multidisciplinary approach, including environmental forensics, nanotechnology, microbiology (DNA technology) and isotopes, etc. Examines various pollutants and their related impacts on drinking water supplies, the associated health risks, and how to protect water resources. Presents the best practices for the monitoring of surface water, groundwater, and soil. Covers the latest environmental regulations and industry standards.


Risk Analysis VI

Risk Analysis VI

Author: C. A. Brebbia

Publisher: WIT Press

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 577

ISBN-13: 1845641043

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Covering a series of important topics which are of current research interest and have practical applications, this book examines all aspects of risk analysis and hazard mitigation, ranging from specific assessment of risk to mitigation associated with both natural and anthropogenic hazards.


Advances in the Characterisation and Remediation of Sites Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Advances in the Characterisation and Remediation of Sites Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Author: Jonás García-Rincón

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-11-22

Total Pages: 677

ISBN-13: 3031344472

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This open access book synthesizes important advances in the assessment and management of soil and groundwater systems contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, especially in the form of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs). LNAPL characterization and remediation is challenging due to the multi-phase, multi-component nature of the problem and the various physical, chemical, and biological processes involved in a dynamic and heterogeneous hydrogeological setting. This book focuses on the current state of practice of LNAPL characterization and remediation and seeks to provide information and a framework that would allow some of these complexities to be better addressed by contaminated land practitioners, researchers, and regulators.


Environmental Risk Assessment

Environmental Risk Assessment

Author: Ted Simon

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-12-06

Total Pages: 521

ISBN-13: 1000754111

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The purpose of risk assessment is to support science-based decisions about how to solve complex societal problems. Indeed, the problems humankind faces in the 21st century have many social, political, and technical complexities. Environmental risk assessment in particular is of increasing importance as health and safety regulations grow and become more complicated. Environmental Risk Assessment: A Toxicological Approach, 2nd Edition looks at various factors relating to exposure and toxicity, human health, and risk. In addition to the original chapters being updated and expanded upon, four new chapters discuss current software and platforms that have recently been developed and provide examples of risk characterizations and scenarios. Features: Introduces the science of risk assessment—past, present, and future Provides environmental sampling data for conducting practice risk assessments Considers how bias and conflict of interest affect science-based decisions in the 21st century Includes fully worked examples, case studies, discussion questions, and suggestions for additional reading Discusses new software and computational platforms that have developed since the first edition Aimed at the next generation of risk assessors and students who need to know more about developing, conducting, and interpreting risk assessments, the book delivers a comprehensive view of the field, complete with sufficient background to enable readers to probe for themselves the science underlying the key issues in environmental risk.