The Spanish Fiscal Transition
The Spanish Fiscal Transition

Author: Sara Torregrosa Hetland

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-09-18

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 3030795411

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This book provides an analysis of the process and outcomes of the tax reform, with a focus on progressivity, redistribution, and inequality. Between 1977 and 1986, Spain underwent a comprehensive tax reform which shaped its fiscal system until today. It was made in connection with the transition to democracy and indeed was understood as a fundamental part of the political change. The book situates the reform both within Spanish history and international trends in tax systems and connects it to the expansion of the welfare state and regional decentralization in Spain. The analysis reveals that the tax system failed to attain progressivity, and significant levels of fraud had a noticeable impact on inequality. Because of this, fiscal redistribution remained limited. In the new political economy of the second globalization, late democratic and fiscal transitioners were unable to emulate the path of the welfare state forerunners.

Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2019
Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2019

Author: Jean-Louis Vincent

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-03-08

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783030060664

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The Annual Update compiles reviews of the most recent developments in experimental and clinical intensive care and emergency medicine research and practice in one comprehensive reference book. The chapters are written by well recognized experts in these fields. The book is addressed to everyone involved in internal medicine, anesthesia, surgery, pediatrics, intensive care and emergency medicine.

Microbial Applications Vol.2
Microbial Applications Vol.2

Author: Vipin Chandra Kalia

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-07-18

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 9783319849584

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This contributed volume provides insights into multiple applications using microbes to promote productivity in agriculture, to produce biochemicals or to respond to challenges in biomedicine. It highlights the microbial production of nanocompounds with medical functionality alongside new anti-mycobacterial strategies, and introduces plant-growth-promoting Rhizobacteria as well as the correlation between biofilm formation and crop productivity. Further, the authors illustrate the green synthesis of biochemical compounds, such as hydroxamid acid or biosurfactants, using microbial and fungal enzymes. It inspires young researchers and experienced scientists in the field of microbiology to explore the combined use of green, white and red biotechnology for industrial purposes, which will be one of the central topics for future generations.