Compressibility, Turbulence and High Speed Flow
Compressibility, Turbulence and High Speed Flow

Author: Thomas B. Gatski

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2013-03-05

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 012397318X

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Compressibility, Turbulence and High Speed Flow introduces the reader to the field of compressible turbulence and compressible turbulent flows across a broad speed range, through a unique complimentary treatment of both the theoretical foundations and the measurement and analysis tools currently used. The book provides the reader with the necessary background and current trends in the theoretical and experimental aspects of compressible turbulent flows and compressible turbulence. Detailed derivations of the pertinent equations describing the motion of such turbulent flows is provided and an extensive discussion of the various approaches used in predicting both free shear and wall bounded flows is presented. Experimental measurement techniques common to the compressible flow regime are introduced with particular emphasis on the unique challenges presented by high speed flows. Both experimental and numerical simulation work is supplied throughout to provide the reader with an overall perspective of current trends. - An introduction to current techniques in compressible turbulent flow analysis - An approach that enables engineers to identify and solve complex compressible flow challenges - Prediction methodologies, including the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) method, scale filtered methods and direct numerical simulation (DNS) - Current strategies focusing on compressible flow control

Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow
Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow

Author: Alexander J. Smits

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-05-11

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 0387263055

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A good understanding of turbulent compressible flows is essential to the design and operation of high-speed vehicles. Such flows occur, for example, in the external flow over the surfaces of supersonic aircraft, and in the internal flow through the engines. Our ability to predict the aerodynamic lift, drag, propulsion and maneuverability of high-speed vehicles is crucially dependent on our knowledge of turbulent shear layers, and our understanding of their behavior in the presence of shock waves and regions of changing pressure. Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow provides a comprehensive introduction to the field, and helps provide a basis for future work in this area. Wherever possible we use the available experimental work, and the results from numerical simulations to illustrate and develop a physical understanding of turbulent compressible flows.

An Experimental Investigation of Organized Structure and Mixing in Compressible Turbulent Free Shear Layers
An Experimental Investigation of Organized Structure and Mixing in Compressible Turbulent Free Shear Layers

Author: Nathan Lee Messersmith

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 474

ISBN-13:

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The large scale structure and scalar transport characteristics of compressible turbulent mixing layers have been experimentally investigated at various levels of compressibility in order to study the fundamental effects of compressibility on the nature of the mixing layer. Nonintrusive optical diagnostic techniques were employed to image the large structures. Both Mie scattering from condensed ethanol droplets and laser-induced fluorescence from seeded nitric oxide were used. The LIF experiments were utilized to avoid potential particle dynamics effects associated with the Mie scattering experiments. Sizeable ensembles of digital images were collected for a variety of seeding styles, image planes and at three distinct flow conditions. Analysis of the samples provided mean and standard deviation profiles, two-dimensional spatial covariance fields and passive scalar probability density functions. In the transverse image plane, the dimensionless structure size and eccentricity increased, while the angular orientation of the structures with respect to the streamwise flow direction decreased, as the relative Mach number increased. Oblique views revealed significant three-dimensionality, and the structures imaged in this view also increased in dimensionless size with compressibility. Very little difference in the total probabilities of finding mixed fluid within the shear layer was found for flows with relative Mach numbers of 0.63 and 1.49. A relative Mach number 0.98 flow, however, demonstrated substantially lower mixed fluid probabilities, concomitant with a very high peak standard deviation. Instability mode interactions may be the cause of the disturbed nature of the mixing layer at this condition. The results from the Mie scattering and laser-induced fluorescence experiments for similar shear layer conditions were very comparable.

A Simplified Study of the Turbulent Free Shear Layer Between Two Dissimilar Gases
A Simplified Study of the Turbulent Free Shear Layer Between Two Dissimilar Gases

Author: K. Evan Gray

Publisher:

Published: 1965

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13:

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An analytical study of the turbulent mixing of two dissimilar gases in a free shear layer was performed. A simplified method was designed by which closed form expressions could be obtained for the characteristics of such a flow. These included the boundaries of the mixing region, the location of the dividing streamline, the local flow velocities, the local thermodynamic conditions, and the mean rate of energy transport across the shear layer. Although the effects of compressibility and the presence of dissimilar gases on either side of the mixing region raise the level of complexity of the problem, the approach remains the same as that used to solve the single gas compressible problem. Therefore, in order to focus attention on this approach, the incompressible one-gas flow is treated first, then the modifications required to account for compressibility are shown and the results, which then become functions of Mach number and enthalpy, are given, and finally, the treatment and results for the mixing of two dissimilar gases are presented. (Author).

Physical and Computational Aspects of Convective Heat Transfer
Physical and Computational Aspects of Convective Heat Transfer

Author: T. Cebeci

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-18

Total Pages: 497

ISBN-13: 366202411X

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This volume is concerned with the transport of thermal energy in flows of practical significance. The temperature distributions which result from convective heat transfer, in contrast to those associated with radiation heat transfer and conduction in solids, are related to velocity characteristics and we have included sufficient information of momentum transfer to make the book self-contained. This is readily achieved because of the close relation ship between the equations which represent conservation of momentum and energy: it is very desirable since convective heat transfer involves flows with large temperature differences, where the equations are coupled through an equation of state, as well as flows with small temperature differences where the energy equation is dependent on the momentum equation but the momentum equation is assumed independent of the energy equation. The equations which represent the conservation of scalar properties, including thermal energy, species concentration and particle number density can be identical in form and solutions obtained in terms of one dependent variable can represent those of another. Thus, although the discussion and arguments of this book are expressed in terms of heat transfer, they are relevant to problems of mass and particle transport. Care is required, however, in making use of these analogies since, for example, identical boundary conditions are not usually achieved in practice and mass transfer can involve more than one dependent variable.

Compressibility, Turbulence and High Speed Flow
Compressibility, Turbulence and High Speed Flow

Author: Thomas B. Gatski

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2009-02-27

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 0080559123

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This book introduces the reader to the field of compressible turbulence and compressible turbulent flows across a broad speed range through a unique complimentary treatment of both the theoretical foundations and the measurement and analysis tools currently used. For the computation of turbulent compressible flows, current methods of averaging and filtering are presented so that the reader is exposed to a consistent development of applicable equation sets for both the mean or resolved fields as well as the transport equations for the turbulent stress field. For the measurement of turbulent compressible flows, current techniques ranging from hot-wire anemometry to PIV are evaluated and limitations assessed. Characterizing dynamic features of free shear flows, including jets, mixing layers and wakes, and wall-bounded flows, including shock-turbulence and shock boundary-layer interactions, obtained from computations, experiments and simulations are discussed. - Describes prediction methodologies including the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) method, scale filtered methods and direct numerical simulation (DNS) - Presents current measurement and data analysis techniques - Discusses the linkage between experimental and computational results necessary for validation of numerical predictions - Meshes the varied results of computational and experimental studies in both free and wall-bounded flows to provide an overall current view of the field