At the end of the twentieth century, international business functioned in an environment dominated by the triad of economic power formed by the USA, Japan and the European Community. Multinational corporate strategies had to be formulated within the context of intense global competition between these three economic blocs. This book, first published in 1990, analyses the interplay between the trade policies adopted by the major powers and the competitive strategies of international corporations. With particular reference to trade relations between Canada and the USA, the effects of Japanese multinational dominance and the implications of European economic integration, this volume throws new light on the interaction between international business and government trade policies.
This book willenable the reader to develop global strategies based on trade information and trade flows analysis. Developing global business strategies in today’s competitive and disruptive environment calls for greater interaction between the business sector and government. Among the instruments available today are various market analytic tools. These tools, coupled with new business models, not only provide a competitive edge but also becomes a necessity to survive in the global ever changing trade environment. This book concerns everyone dealing with market selection, market strategies, and trade policy. The reader will be able to develop global strategies based on trade information and trade flows analysis. An analysis of the most competitive countries in world trade shows the importance of pro-business policies, access to modern infrastructures, investment in research, and increased productivity. The authors explain how to design practical strategies in a global context, greater competition and uncertainty due to the introduction of new business models.
According to the authors, challenges resulting from the globalization of production and the integration of former socialist economies into the world market economy create the need for new trade negotiations at both the regional and global level. Government policies and regulations that constitute barriers to foreign trade and investment still need to be overcome. Anticompetitive practices such as trade-restricting cartels need to be eliminated. Philosophical and political differences over how trade agreements should deal with issues such as labor and the environment need to be resolved. The book provides a comprehensive review of the issues confronting U.S. trade policymakers and outlines a strategy to deal with them. The book is essential reading for public officials, business leaders and private citizens who wish to think broadly about American's role in the global economy of the 21st century.
Conflicts over currency valuations are a recurrent feature of the modern global economy. To strengthen their international competitiveness, many countries resort to buying foreign currencies to make their exports cheaper and their imports more expensive. In the first decade of the 21st century, for example, China's currency manipulation practices were so flagrant that they produced a backlash in the United States and other trading partners, prompting threats of retaliation. How damaging is the practice of currency manipulation—and how extensive is the problem? This book by C. Fred Bergsten and Joseph E. Gagnon—two leading experts on trade, investment, and the effects of currency manipulation—traces the history, causes, and effects of currency manipulation and analyzes a range of policy responses that the United States could adopt. The book is an indispensable guide to a complex and serious problem and what might be done to solve it.
Trade policies and agreements are a powerful weapon in the Era of Globalization. Most countries' strategy is to pursue multiple market-opening initiatives on a global, regional and bilateral basis, establishing models of success that can be used throughout all negotiations. This book presents some trade policies and agreements of the United States.
This book discusses the contemporary trade dynamics necessary for companies to grow competitively in the global marketplace, extending the conceptual and analytical foundations of international trade and economy in North America. This book examines the growth of international trade in North America during the pre-and post-North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and analyzes the complexities that occurred when the economic recession struck the global markets. It outlines applied tools and techniques for business projects to thrive in the competitive marketplace, and serves as a learning post and a think tank for students, researchers, and business managers operating in a global landscape.
Globalization and Regionalization: Strategies, Policies, and Their Economic Environment puts you on top of the world, with the big picture of global trade and rapid business internationalization at your feet. You’ll see how the two opposing market forces, globalization and regionalization, have created a new international trade environment. In addition, you’ll see how the recent upsurge in preferential trading arrangements, the new technologies adapted by firms, and the foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade policies of countries and blocs have combined to dramatically change how and why international business is conducted. Globalization and Regionalization is just what it says it is--a guide to understanding the strategies and policies that countries and firms employ to prosper in an international business environment in which globalization and regionalization seem to act as opposing forces. In this unique volume, you’ll discover how some of the top competing business scholars in the world see the way that regionalization and globalization can function as complements to each other, actually becoming the building blocks that lead to global strategies. Specifically, this book gives you world-class information about: how to evaluate trade creation and trade diversion at the country level the dynamics of optimal entry strategy for multinational enterprises (MNEs) the effects of differences between countries’competition policies on cross border mergers and acquisitions the internationalization of services through international banking strategy how an open door policy allows China to play an important role in the recrudescence of globalization Vietnam as host to foreign business activity Globalization and Regionalization is the collective and international result of the World Conference on Globalization and Regionalization at the University of Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne. If you’re an educator, international business director, scholar of international studies, or entrepreneur, you’ll definitely want to get the information that was presented at this important international venue. Overall, this collection will give you a clearer picture of the current direction of international trade in today’s rapidly shifting and progressive global trade environment.
Provides a state-of-the-art overview of international trade policy research The Handbook of Global Trade Policy offers readers a comprehensive resource for the study of international trade policy, governance, and financing. This timely and authoritative work presents contributions from a team of prominent experts that assess the policy implications of recent academic research on the subject. Discussions of contemporary research in fields such as economics, international business, international relations, law, and global politics help readers develop an expansive, interdisciplinary knowledge of 21st century foreign trade. Accessible for students, yet relevant for practitioners and researchers, this book expertly guides readers through essential literature in the field while highlighting new connections between social science research and global policy-making. Authoritative chapters address new realities of the global trade environment, global governance and international institutions, multilateral trade agreements, regional trade in developing countries, value chains in the Pacific Rim, and more. Designed to provide a well-rounded survey of the subject, this book covers financing trade such as export credit arrangements in developing economies, export insurance markets, climate finance, and recent initiatives of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This state-of-the-art overview: Integrates new data and up-to-date research in the field Offers an interdisciplinary approach to examining global trade policy Introduces fundamental concepts of global trade in an understandable style Combines contemporary economic, legal, financial, and policy topics Presents a wide range of perspectives on current issues surrounding trade practices and policies The Handbook of Global Trade Policy is a valuable resource for students, professionals, academics, researchers, and policy-makers in all areas of international trade, economics, business, and finance.
