Tokens of Exchange
Tokens of Exchange

Author: Lydia H. Liu

Publisher: Duke University Press

Published: 2000-01-19

Total Pages: 465

ISBN-13: 0822381125

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The problem of translation has become increasingly central to critical reflections on modernity and its universalizing processes. Approaching translation as a symbolic and material exchange among peoples and civilizations—and not as a purely linguistic or literary matter, the essays in Tokens of Exchange focus on China and its interactions with the West to historicize an economy of translation. Rejecting the familiar regional approach to non-Western societies, contributors contend that “national histories” and “world history” must be read with absolute attention to the types of epistemological translatability that have been constructed among the various languages and cultures in modern times. By studying the production and circulation of meaning as value in areas including history, religion, language, law, visual art, music, and pedagogy, essays consider exchanges between Jesuit and Protestant missionaries and the Chinese between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries and focus on the interchanges occasioned by the spread of capitalism and imperialism. Concentrating on ideological reciprocity and nonreciprocity in science, medicine, and cultural pathologies, contributors also posit that such exchanges often lead to racialized and essentialized ideas about culture, sexuality, and nation. The collection turns to the role of language itself as a site of the universalization of knowledge in its contemplation of such processes as the invention of Basic English and the global teaching of the English language. By focusing on the moments wherein meaning-value is exchanged in the translation from one language to another, the essays highlight the circulation of the global in the local as they address the role played by historical translation in the universalizing processes of modernity and globalization. The collection will engage students and scholars of global cultural processes, Chinese studies, world history, literary studies, history of science, and anthropology, as well as cultural and postcolonial studies. Contributors. Jianhua Chen, Nancy Chen, Alexis Dudden Eastwood, Roger Hart, Larissa Heinrich, James Hevia, Andrew F. Jones, Wan Shun Eva Lam, Lydia H. Liu, Deborah T. L. Sang, Haun Saussy, Q. S. Tong, Qiong Zhang

Token Economy
Token Economy

Author: Shermin Voshmgir

Publisher: Token Kitchen

Published: 2020-06-21

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 3982103835

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This is the second edition of the book Token Economy originally published in June 2019. The basic structure of this second edition is the same as the first edition, with slightly updated content of existing chapters and four additional chapters: "User-Centric Identities," "Privacy Tokens," "Lending Tokens," and How to Design a Token System and more focus on the Web3. //Part one outlines the fundamental building blocks of the Web3, including the role of cryptography and user-centric digital identities. Part two explains Web3 applications like smart contracts, DAOs & tokens. The last two parts of the book focus on tokens as the atomic unit of the Web3, explaining the properties and functions of money and outlining the emerging field of decentralized finance (DeFi) that might power a potential future digital barter economy. Use cases such as asset tokens, purpose driven tokens, BAT (Basic Attention Token), social media tokens (Steemit, Hive and Reddit), privacy tokens, and stable tokens are explored, including the role of CBDCs (Central Bank Digital Currencies) and Facebook's Libra.//Tokens - often referred to as cryptocurrencies - can represent anything from an asset to an access right, such as gold, diamonds, a fraction of a Picasso painting or an entry ticket to a concert. Tokens could also be used to reward social media contributions, incentivize the reduction of CO2 emissions, or even ones attention for watching an ad. While it has become easy to create a token, which is collectively managed by a public Web3 infrastructure like a blockchain network, the understanding of how to apply these tokens is still vague. This book attempts to summarize existing knowledge about blockchain networks and other distributed ledgers as the backbone of the Web3, and contextualize the socio-economic implications of the Web3 applications such as smart contracts, tokens, and DAOs to the concepts of money, economics, governance and decentralized finance (DeFi).//The industry keeps referring to “Blockchain” as different from “Bitcoin,” creating an artificial divide that is often misleading. There seems to be too little understanding about the fact that Bitcoin is a blockchain network, which is (a) globally managed by people who mostly do not know each other, and (b) enabled by the consensus protocol that (c) incentivizes all network actors for their contributions with a native token. The governance rules are tied to the minting of a native blockchain token. The Bitcoin token can, therefore, be seen as the currency of a distributed Internet tribe, called the Bitcoin network, where network actors are rewarded with Bitcoins, just as the Ether is the currency of the distributed Internet tribe Ethereum network, or Sia is the native currency of the Sia network. The Bitcoin network and other distributed ledgers all represent a collectively maintained public infrastructure and are the backbone of the next generation Internet, what the crypto community refers to as the Web3.

Cultural Development of Mathematical Ideas
Cultural Development of Mathematical Ideas

Author: Geoffrey B. Saxe

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-09-28

Total Pages: 399

ISBN-13: 1139560239

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Drawing upon field studies conducted in 1978, 1980 and 2001 with the Oksapmin, a remote Papua New Guinea group, Geoffrey B. Saxe traces the emergence of new forms of numerical representations and ideas in the social history of the community. In traditional life, the Oksapmin used a counting system that makes use of twenty-seven parts of the body; there is no evidence that the group used arithmetic in prehistory. As practices of economic exchange and schooling have shifted, children and adults unwittingly reproduced and altered the system in order to solve new kinds of numerical and arithmetical problems, a process that has led to new forms of collective representations in the community. While Dr Saxe's focus is on the Oksapmin, the insights and general framework he provides are useful for understanding shifting representational forms and emerging cognitive functions in any human community.

Cryptofinance and Mechanisms of Exchange
Cryptofinance and Mechanisms of Exchange

Author: Stéphane Goutte

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-01-03

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 3030307387

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This book describes how the rapid advancement in encryption and network computing gave birth to new tools and products that have influenced the local and global economy alike. One recent and notable example is the emergence of virtual currencies (such as Bitcoin) also known as cryptocurrencies. Virtual currencies introduced a fundamental transformation that affected the way goods, services and assets are exchanged. As a result of its distributed ledgers based on blockchain, cryptocurrencies not only offer some unique advantages to the economy, investors, and consumers, but also pose considerable risks to users and challenges for regulators when fitting the new technology into the old legal framework. The core of this proposed book is to present and discuss the evidence on financial asset capabilities of virtual currencies. The contributors of this volume analyze several interesting and timely issues such as the particularities of virtual currencies and their statistical characteristics; the diversification benefits of virtual currencies; the behavior and dependence structure between virtual currencies and the financial markets; the economic implications of virtual currencies, their effects, their price risk, and contagion spillovers in a unified and comprehensive framework; the future of virtual currencies and their distributed ledgers technology.

Behavior Analysis and Learning
Behavior Analysis and Learning

Author: W. David Pierce

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2017-06-14

Total Pages: 622

ISBN-13: 135177980X

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Using a consistent Skinnerian perspective, Behavior Analysis and Learning: A Biobehavioral Approach, Sixth Edition provides an advanced introduction to the principles of behavior analysis and learned behaviors, covering a full range of principles from basic respondent and operant conditioning through applied behavior analysis into cultural design. The textbook uses Darwinian, neurophysiological, and biological theories and research to inform B. F. Skinner’s philosophy of radical behaviorism. The sixth edition expands focus on neurophysiological mechanisms and their relation to the experimental analysis of behavior, providing updated studies and references to reflect current expansions and changes in the field of behavior analysis. By bringing together ideas from behavior analysis, neuroscience, and epigenetics under a selectionist framework, this textbook facilitates understanding of behavior at environmental, genetic, and neurophysiological levels. This "grand synthesis" of behavior, neuroscience, and neurobiology roots behavior firmly in biology. The book includes special sections, "New Directions," "Focus On," "Note On," "On the Applied Side," and "Advanced Section," which enhance student learning and provide greater insight on specific topics. This book is a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology or other behavior-based disciplines, especially behavioral neuroscience. For additional resources to use alongside the textbook, consult the Companion Website at www.routledge.com/cw/pierce.

Mastering Crypto Assets
Mastering Crypto Assets

Author: Martin Leinweber

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2024-01-18

Total Pages: 359

ISBN-13: 1394205406

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A definitive, all-encompassing book on digital assets of all types for investors In Mastering Crypto Assets: Investing in Bitcoin, Ethereum and Beyond, a team of seasoned investors and digital asset strategists presents a comprehensive guide aimed at institutional and professional investors for integrating crypto assets into traditional portfolios. The book offers in-depth explanations of the structure of this new asset class and its impact on investment portfolios. It guides readers on using fundamental and quantitative criteria to select blockchain-based assets, grounded in a robust foundation of knowledge and evidence. The authors demonstrate how to apply quantitative valuation concepts to digital assets like Bitcoin, understanding their role as digital stores of value in a traditional investment portfolio. The book also delves into the unique risk and return characteristics of various digital asset sectors, adapting conventional investing methods to the digital realm. It goes beyond direct crypto asset investments, introducing related equities and strategies for accessing digital assets in restricted settings. It discusses both indexed and active strategies in the context of crypto assets. A key feature of the book is exclusive interviews with industry figures such as Jan van Eck (VanEck), Peter L. Brandt (Legendary Trader), and Fred Thiel (Marathon Digital), with these interviews accessible through QR codes in the book for extended video content. This provides a dynamic and interactive learning experience. Moreover, the book benefits from invaluable research assistance from Figment and CCData, enriching its analytical depth. It also includes insightful guest articles from digital asset experts like Matthew Sigel (VanEck), Marco Manoppo (Digital Asset Research), Marcel Kasumovich (Coinbase Asset Management), Timothy Peterson (Cane Island Digital Research), Gregory Mall and Rohan Misra (AMINA), and thought leaders from Token Terminal. Mastering Crypto Assets is an invaluable resource not just for institutional and individual investors, but for anyone keen on adopting a sound, evidence-based approach to digital asset investment.

Blockchain, Crypto and DeFi
Blockchain, Crypto and DeFi

Author: Marco Di Maggio

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2024-09-25

Total Pages: 759

ISBN-13: 1394275900

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Unlock the future of finance with Blockchain, Crypto, and DeFi Step into the realm of blockchain and cryptocurrency like never before with Blockchain, Crypto, and DeFi: Bridging Finance and Technology. Crafted by Marco Di Maggio, not just a Harvard Professor of Finance but an esteemed advisor to giants like Coinbase, this is your roadmap from foundational theories to cutting-edge applications. This is far from an academic discourse detached from reality; it seamlessly integrates theory with practice through detailed case studies and practical coding tutorials. Navigating the digital landscape today demands more than just passing familiarity with the latest technologies. Delving deep into blockchain and cryptocurrencies has become a pivotal skill set for anyone looking to thrive in this constantly shifting digital era. Whether you're a student aiming for a career in finance and technology, an academic seeking to expand your knowledge base, or a professional looking to stay ahead of the curve, this textbook offers unparalleled insights into the mechanics and implications of blockchain technologies. What Sets This Book Apart: Expertise Beyond the Classroom: Direct from the boards of the crypto world's titans, this book offers comprehensive coverage ensuring the book stands as an indispensable industry reference. Theory Meets Practice: Engage with complex blockchain concepts through practical case studies and coding tutorials. Learn, Build, Invest: Equip yourself to navigate the industry as an investor, entrepreneur, or innovator. Master the art of assessing protocols, crafting your own, and seizing opportunities in the blockchain and crypto space. Wit Meets Wisdom: Enjoy the journey with a narrative that combines profound insights with a witty tone, ensuring both enlightenment and entertainment. Blockchain, Crypto, and DeFi is not just a textbook but a journey into the heart of digital finance, marked by Di Maggio's engaging style and deep expertise. Accompanied by additional online resources, including slide decks and tutorials, this book is your go-to resource and your gateway to mastering the blockchain revolution. Embark on your blockchain adventure today. Table of Contents Chapter One: Chain Reactions: From Basement Miners to Blockchain Revolutionaries Chapter Two: Ethereum: The “Windows” to the Blockchain Universe – Now Loading Smart Contracts and Oracle Magic Chapter Three: Beyond Ethereum: A Gas-Guzzling Escape to the Holy Grail of Scalability Chapter Four: Riding the Crypto Rollercoaster: How Stablecoins Keep Their Cool Chapter Five: The CBDC Saga: Rewriting the Rules of Money Chapter Six: Money Grows on Distributed Trees: The DeFi Forest of DAOs and DApps Chapter Seven: The AMM Time machine: Back to the Future of Finance Chapter Eight: Liquidity Pools: Dive Deep into the Ocean of DeFi (Lifebuoys Not Included) Chapter Nine: The Tokenization Transformation from Wall Street to Your Street Chapter Ten: Digital Da Vincis: The Renaissance of Art in the Age of NFTs Chapter Eleven: Regulatory Framework: Work in Progress Chapter Twelve: Beyond HODL: Mastering the Art and Science of Crypto Trading Chapter Thirteen: Game Over for Bankers: The Unlikely Rise of Sofa-Surfing Capitalists Chapter Fourteen: Branding on the Block: How Blockchain Is Redefining Connections in the Web3 Era Chapter Fifteen: When HAL Meets Satoshi: Merging Minds and Money on the Blockchain

Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autism
Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autism

Author: Justin B. Leaf

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-05-06

Total Pages: 627

ISBN-13: 3030964787

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This handbook addresses evidence-based practices in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It provides an overview of the history of evidence-based practices and their importance as applied to the law, school settings, and factors that influence the use for treatment of ASD. Additional areas of coverage include evidence-based and non-evidence-based ABA interventions for autism as well as decision-making ethics related to these treatments. In addition, the book addresses cultural considerations as they relate to these treatments and examines procedural aspects of ABA interventions for autism. Key ABA treatments addressed include: Discrete trial teaching. Pivotal response training. Video modeling. Parent-mediated intervention. Early Start Denver Model, PEAK, PECS, and AAC. Script fading/activity schedules and differential reinforcement/extinction. Response interruption and redirection. Self-management and self-monitoring. The Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autism is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals across such interrelated disciplines as clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, rehabilitation medicine/therapy, pediatrics, and special education.

Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Security
Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Security

Author: Xingming Sun

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-07-08

Total Pages: 751

ISBN-13: 3031067649

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The 3-volume set CCIS 1586, CCIS 1587 and CCIS 1588 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Security, ICAIS 2022, which was held in Qinghai, China, in July 2022. The total of 115 full papers and 53 short papers presented in this 3-volume proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 1124 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: artificial intelligence; Part II: artificial intelligence; big data; cloud computing and security; multimedia forensics; Part III: encryption and cybersecurity; information hiding; IoT security.