To Be Born Black in Mississippi

To Be Born Black in Mississippi

Author: Kenneth Mayfield

Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub

Published: 2011-12-08

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 9781463702854

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

You are about to read the story of a young black man from Okolona, Mississippi who was kicked out of Mississippi's flagship university for protesting against racial discrimination. This journey shows Ole Miss as it was during the 1960s after it was forcibly integrated in a violent struggle that resulted in two people being killed, and it also shows how years after Ole Miss was desegregated, blacks were still not allowed to be on the faculty, barred from participation in sports and subjected to harassment and discrimination by the faculty and students. This narrative also chronicles the typical life for blacks in Mississippi during the Civil Rights Era from the 1950s to the 1970s.I was one of eight black students who was kicked out of Ole Miss in 1970 for “disorderly conduct” because we stood up and fought against racism. All eight of our lives were affected in different ways, but for most of us we were able to pick up the pieces and make something positive out of a bad situation. For me, I was an honor student at Ole Miss and had already decided to pursue law as a profession even before I enrolled at Ole Miss. My experiences at Ole Miss prompted me to become a Civil Rights Attorney in order to fight against racial discrimination and injustices in Mississippi.Ole Miss is located about an hour's drive from Okolona, but this was not the reason I wanted to attend. Nor did I attend because I was a radical or wanted to break down barriers of discrimination. I chose to attend Ole Miss in order to get a good education from Mississippi's finest university in hopes of becoming an affluent lawyer who would spend his good life in California, but my journey ended quite differently. I got caught up in the struggle during my second year of college, and before I knew it, I was a black militant whose mission was to end racial discrimination at Ole Miss “by any means necessary”. As a black militant, I burned every confederate flag I could get my hands on and even conspired to burn buildings. I was a bona fide black militant, was proud of my militancy and to make sure that everyone knew I always wore an African dashiki, combat boots, dark shades and black beret. As a black militant at Ole Miss, I now confess that I was full of rage and anger and committed acts that were serious, dangerous and even unlawful. I was angry with Ole Miss, the State of Mississippi, the United States of America and even God.In the fall of 1970, after we were thrown out of Ole Miss, I enrolled at Tougaloo College near Jackson, Mississippi where I graduated as an honor student in 1971. After college I enrolled in the expedited law school program at the University of Michigan Law School and graduated from there in 2 years at the age of 22. Immediately after graduation from law school, I returned to Mississippi to re-engage in the Civil Rights struggle with plans of engaging in Civil Rights for two years.When I returned to Mississippi to practice Civil Rights, the rage and anger that I experienced at Ole Miss was re-ignited; however, I decided that I was going to do everything according to the law. This was after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 barring employment discrimination, the Civil Voting Rights Act of 1965 which prohibited discrimination in voting and the Housing Acting of 1968 which prohibited discrimination in housing, yet Mississippi was still trying to hold onto its past racist ways. I was prepared to sue anybody or any institution that discriminated against or mistreated blacks. The first lawsuit that I filed was against the owner of an office building in Tupelo where I eventually located my office on Main Street in Tupelo, Mississippi. Fear was not a factor with me. I was like a patriotic soldier who was willing to put his life on the line for the greater good.


Black Life on the Mississippi

Black Life on the Mississippi

Author: Thomas C. Buchanan

Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press

Published: 2006-03-08

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 0807876569

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

All along the Mississippi--on country plantation landings, urban levees and quays, and the decks of steamboats--nineteenth-century African Americans worked and fought for their liberty amid the slave trade and the growth of the cotton South. Offering a counternarrative to Twain's well-known tale from the perspective of the pilothouse, Thomas C. Buchanan paints a more complete picture of the Mississippi, documenting the rich variety of experiences among slaves and free blacks who lived and worked on the lower decks and along the river during slavery, through the Civil War, and into emancipation. Buchanan explores the creative efforts of steamboat workers to link riverside African American communities in the North and South. The networks African Americans created allowed them to keep in touch with family members, help slaves escape, transfer stolen goods, and provide forms of income that were important to the survival of their communities. The author also details the struggles that took place within the steamboat work culture. Although the realities of white supremacy were still potent on the river, Buchanan shows how slaves, free blacks, and postemancipation freedpeople fought for better wages and treatment. By exploring the complex relationship between slavery and freedom, Buchanan sheds new light on the ways African Americans resisted slavery and developed a vibrant culture and economy up and down America's greatest river.


Mississippi Black History Makers

Mississippi Black History Makers

Author: George A. Sewell

Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi

Published: 1984-11

Total Pages: 512

ISBN-13: 9781604733907

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

A well-researched collection of biographical sketches of notable African Americans from Mississippi


Beaches, Blood, and Ballots

Beaches, Blood, and Ballots

Author: James Patterson Smith

Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi

Published: 2000

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781604735932

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book, the first to focus on the integration of the Gulf Coast, is Dr. Gilbert R. Mason's eyewitness account of harrowing episodes that occurred there during the civil rights movement. Newly opened by court order, documents from the Mississippi Sovereignty Commission's secret files enhance this riveting memoir written by a major civil rights figure in Mississippi. He joined his friends and allies Aaron Henry and the martyred Medgar Evers to combat injustices in one of the nation's most notorious bastions of segregation. In Mississippi, the civil rights struggle began in May 1959 with "w


A Black Physician's Story

A Black Physician's Story

Author: Douglas L. Conner

Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 9781604731736

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The autobiography of a black doctor in white Mississippi during the Jim Crow era and the fierce struggle for civil rights


Local People

Local People

Author: John Dittmer

Publisher: University of Illinois Press

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 564

ISBN-13: 9780252065071

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Traces the monumental battle waged by civil rights organizations and by local people to establish basic human rights for all citizens of Mississippi


Sons of Mississippi

Sons of Mississippi

Author: Paul Hendrickson

Publisher: Vintage

Published: 2015-02-18

Total Pages: 361

ISBN-13: 0804153345

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

They stand as unselfconscious as if the photograph were being taken at a church picnic and not during one of the pitched battles of the civil rights struggle. None of them knows that the image will appear in Life magazine or that it will become an icon of its era. The year is 1962, and these seven white Mississippi lawmen have gathered to stop James Meredith from integrating the University of Mississippi. One of them is swinging a billy club. More than thirty years later, award-winning journalist and author Paul Hendrickson sets out to discover who these men were, what happened to them after the photograph was taken, and how racist attitudes shaped the way they lived their lives. But his ultimate focus is on their children and grandchildren, and how the prejudice bequeathed by the fathers was transformed, or remained untouched, in the sons. Sons of Mississippi is a scalding yet redemptive work of social history, a book of eloquence and subtlely that tracks the movement of racism across three generations and bears witness to its ravages among both black and white Americans.


Your Mississippi

Your Mississippi

Author: John Knox Bettersworth

Publisher:

Published: 1975-01-01

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 9780811439732

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

A textbook tracing the history of Mississippi from the arrival of the early settlers to the present day.


Dark Journey

Dark Journey

Author: Neil R. McMillen

Publisher: University of Illinois Press

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 9780252061561

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"Remarkable for its relentless truth-telling, and the depth and thoroughness of its investigation, for the freshness of its sources, and for the shock power of its findings. Even a reader who is not unfamiliar with the sources and literature of the subject can be jolted by its impact."--C. Vann Woodward, New York Review of Books "Dark Journey is a superb piece of scholarship, a book that all students of southern and African-American history will find valuable and informative."--David J. Garrow, Georgia Historical Quarterly