The Tithe War in England and Wales, 1881-1936

The Tithe War in England and Wales, 1881-1936

Author: John Bulaitis

Publisher: Boydell & Brewer

Published: 2024-06-04

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 1837651876

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Brings to life a fascinating page of history in a scholarly but highly readable account of the "tithe war". During the 1930s, farming communities waged a campaign of "passive resistance" against Tithe Rentcharge, the modern version of medieval tithe. Led by the National Tithepayers' Association, farmers refused to pay the charge, disrupted auctions of seized stock and joined demonstrations to prevent action by bailiffs. The National Government condemned their "unconstitutional action", ruled out changes in the law and mobilised police to support the titheowners. Meanwhile, the Church of England and lay titheowners - including Oxford and Cambridge colleges, public schools and major landowners - sought to vindicate their right to tithe; in a particularly shameful episode, the Church established a secret company to buy taken produce and remove it from farms. This "tithe war" was fought outside farms, in the courts, in the press and in the wider arena of public opinion. It posed problems for the Church, legal system, and every political party; split the National Farmers' Union; and provided opportunities for the British Union of Fascists and other sections of the extreme right to cause disturbance. Drawing on extensive archival research, accounts in local newspapers, and private papers, John Bulaitis traces the evolution of what has been described as this "curious rural revolt", from the late nineteenth century to its climax in 1936, when the Tithe Act brought an end to this form of tax.


The English Countryside Between the Wars

The English Countryside Between the Wars

Author: Paul Brassley

Publisher: Boydell Press

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 9781843832645

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Organised into sections on society, culture, politics and the economy, and embracing subjects as diverse as women novelists and village crafts, this book argues that almost everywhere we look in the countryside between the wars there were signs of new growth and dynamic development.


THE GREAT NORFOLK ROADS SHAME A Report by

THE GREAT NORFOLK ROADS SHAME A Report by

Author: Christopher Hewitt

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 1326901710

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This is the full colour version of a detailed and intensively researched technical report that literally rewrites the local history of a substantial area of Norfolk, with over 80 original illustrations dealing with elements of past and present vehicular highway law in England and Wales and its specific application to the locality. It examines some of the responsibilities of a highway authority and several of the shortcomings of the Norfolk Highway Authority in particular. Highlighted is a number of the resultant 'lost', obstructed but still legally active ancient routes in, around and through the Halvergate marshes including its immediate environs within south east Norfolk. The report concludes with specific recommendations made in the light of recent changes in the law that are intended to generate public consideration and discussion.


Labour and the Countryside

Labour and the Countryside

Author: Clare V. J. Griffiths

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2007-05-10

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 0191536970

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The common reputation of the British Labour Party has always been as 'a thing of the town', an essentially urban phenomenon which has failed to engage with the rural electorate or identify itself with rural issues. Yet during the inter-war years, Labour viewed the countryside as a crucial electoral battleground - even claiming that the party could never form a majority administration without winning a significant number of seats across rural Britain. Committing itself to a series of campaigns in rural areas during the 1920s and 30s, Labour developed a rural and often specifically agricultural programme on which to attract new support and members. Labour and the Countryside takes this forgotten chapter in the party's history as a starting point for a fascinating and wide-ranging re-examination of the relationship between the British Left and rural Britain. The first account of this aspect of Labour's history, this book draws on extensive research across a wide variety of original source material, from local party minutes and trade union archives to the records of Labour's first two periods in government. Historical, literary, and visual representations of the countryside are also examined, along with newspapers, magazines, and propaganda materials. In reconstructing the contexts within which Labour attempted to redefine itself as a voice for the countryside, the resulting study presents a fresh perspective on the political history of the inter-war years.


Periodizing Secularization

Periodizing Secularization

Author: Clive D. Field

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2019-10-31

Total Pages: 329

ISBN-13: 0192588567

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Moving beyond the (now somewhat tired) debates about secularization as paradigm, theory, or master narrative, Periodizing Secularization focuses upon the empirical evidence for secularization, viewed in its descriptive sense as the waning social influence of religion, in Britain. Particular emphasis is attached to the two key performance indicators of religious allegiance and churchgoing, each subsuming several sub-indicators, between 1880 and 1945, including the first substantive account of secularization during the fin de siècle. A wide range of primary sources is deployed, many of them relatively or entirely unknown, and with due regard to their methodological and interpretative challenges. On the back of them, a cross-cutting statistical measure of 'active church adherence' is devised, which clearly shows how secularization has been a reality and a gradual, not revolutionary, process. The most likely causes of secularization were an incremental demise of a Sabbatarian culture (coupled with the associated emergence of new leisure opportunities and transport links) and of religious socialization (in the church, at home, and in the school). The analysis is also extended backwards, to include a summary of developments during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; and laterally, to incorporate a preliminary evaluation of a six-dimensional model of 'diffusive religion', demonstrating that these alternative performance indicators have hitherto failed to prove that secularization has not occurred. The book is designed as a prequel to the author's previous volumes on the chronology of British secularization - Britain's Last Religious Revival? (2015) and Secularization in the Long 1960s (2017). Together, they offer a holistic picture of religious transformation in Britain during the key secularizing century of 1880-1980.


Liberty and Authority in Victorian Britain

Liberty and Authority in Victorian Britain

Author: Peter Mandler

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2006-07-20

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13: 019927133X

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Victorian Britain is often considered as the high point of 'laissez-faire', the place and the time when people were most 'free' to make their own lives without the aid or interference of the State. This book explores the truth of that assumption and what it might mean. It considers what the Victorian State did or did not do, what were the prevailing definitions and practices of 'liberty', what other sources of discipline and authority existed beyond the State to structure people'slives - in sum, what were the broad conditions under which such a profound belief in 'liberty' could flourish, and a complex society be run on those principles. Contributors include leading scholars in British political, social and cultural history, so that 'liberty' is seen in the round, not justas a set of ideas or of political slogans, but also as a public and private philosophy that structured everyday life. Consideration is also given to the full range of British subjects in the nineteenth century - men, women, people of all classes, from all parts of the British Isles - and to placing the British experience in a global and comparative perspective.


Brewing for Victory

Brewing for Victory

Author: Brian Glover

Publisher: Lutterworth Press

Published: 2023-07-27

Total Pages: 187

ISBN-13: 0718896742

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"'In the black out visit a bright inn.' So read stickers on the windows of Watney's pubs all over London. In Brewing for Victory, Brian Glover shows in lively detail how beer and pub culture aided Britain's community spirit during the Second World War. From 'Guinness for Strength!' adverts to women shifting casks and packing coppers with hops, the effect the war had on brewing in England, and the effect brewing had on the war effort, is explored from every angle. Beginning at home in Britain and London, Glover tracks the course of tuns all the way out to the front line in the army, air force and navy. 'Brewing under the jackboot' is also considered, with a chapter on breweries in British territory that had been captured by the Nazis, such as Guernsey. With over 70 illustrations showing war era adverts and bombed out boroughs with their pubs still standing, Brewing for Victory is a remarkable demonstration of the Blitz Spirit in action as the public, pubs and brewers worked together to maintain national social structures in the face of adversity."


Riotous Assemblies

Riotous Assemblies

Author: William Sheehan

Publisher: Mercier Press Ltd

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 1856356531

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Why riot? Against whom? For what? Riotous Assemblies is an account of Irish riots, urban and rural, across Ireland from the sixteenth to the twenty-first century.


Rebels for the Soil

Rebels for the Soil

Author: Matthew Reed

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2010-09-23

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 1136531866

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This book investigates the emergence of organic food and farming as a social movement. Using the tools of political sociology it analyzes and explains how both people and ideas have shaped a movement that from its inception aimed to change global agriculture. Starting from the British Empire in the 1930's, where the first trans-national roots of organic farming took hold, through to the internet-mediated social protests against genetically modified crops at the end of the twentieth century, the author traces the rise to prominence of the movement. As well as providing a historical account, the book explains the movement's on-going role in fostering and organising alternatives to the dominant intensive and industrial forms of agriculture, such as promoting local food produce and animal welfare. By considering it as a trans-national movement from its inception, aiming at cultural and social change, the book highlights what is unique about the organic movement and why it has risen only relatively recently to public attention. The author reports original research findings, focusing largely on the English-speaking world. The work is grounded in academic enquiry and theory, but also provides a narrative through which the movement can be understood by the more general interested reader.