Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System
Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System

Author: Mehmet Turgut

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-06-13

Total Pages: 615

ISBN-13: 3319507125

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Written and edited by leading international authorities in the field, this book provides an in-depth review of knowledge of tuberculosis of the central nervous system, with emphasis on clinical, diagnostics, and therapeutic features. Tuberculosis, one of the most lethal diseases in human history, still poses a serious threat in the world together with economic and social problems, although a great progress in the fight against this infectious disease in the last century. It covers the full range of tuberculosis of central nervous system and the chapters are organized into six sections: (1) the cranial; (2) the spinal; and (3) the peripheral portions of the nervous system; followed by (4) a section on the laboratory studies in tuberculosis; (5) a section on medical and surgical therapy; and (6) further insights into tuberculosis. This comprehensive reference book will be an ideal source for neurosurgeons, neurologists and specialists upon infectious diseases seeking both basic and more sophisticated information and surgical procedures relating to the complications associated with tuberculosis involving the spine, brain and peripheral nerves.

The Challenge of Tuberculosis in the 21st Century
The Challenge of Tuberculosis in the 21st Century

Author: Alberto L. García-Basteiro

Publisher: European Respiratory Society

Published: 2023-09-01

Total Pages: 315

ISBN-13: 1849841705

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Recent years have witnessed key developments in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. Alongside this, and running in direct opposition to this progress, was the COVID-19 pandemic, which had an unprecedented detrimental effect on tuberculosis control and the achievement of targets set by the End TB Strategy. This timely and important Monograph provides a crucial update on recent changes, developments and setbacks in the field, and calls for a re-commitment to the achievement of the End TB Strategy and Sustainable Development Goals. Written by authors from across the world, the Monograph covers: diagnosis; advances in treatment; prevention; and tuberculosis control challenges in different populations and contexts.

The Microbiology of Central Nervous System Infections
The Microbiology of Central Nervous System Infections

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-02-17

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 0128138076

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The Microbiology of Central Nervous System Infections, Volume 3, discusses modern approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of central nervous system (CNS) infections. This new release is divided into five sections that cover treatment strategies, imaging, molecular diagnosis, management of CNS infections with metal nanoparticles, and prophylaxis of CNS infections, including bacterial, viral and fungal infections. The last section contains a chapter on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies and modern trends in its diagnosis and treatment. University teachers, medical practitioners, graduate and postgraduate students, researchers in microbiology, and those in the pharmaceutical and laboratory diagnostic industries will find the book very important. - Encompasses a broad range of central nervous system infections, including questions of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prophylaxis - Written by highly professional and eminent surgeons, microbiologists and infectious disease specialists - Includes scientific understanding and practical guidelines, making it interesting for both research scientists and practitioners

Biology of Endothelial Cells
Biology of Endothelial Cells

Author: Eric A. Jaffe

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 471

ISBN-13: 146132825X

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The participation of endothelial cells in various physiologic and pathologic processes has been hypothesized since before the turn of the century. However, until recently, direct evidence for endothelial involvement in these processes has been extremely difficult to obtain due to the inability to study endothelial cell function in vitro. Though the possibility of using cultured endothelial cells to study endothelial cell function in vitro was recognized many years ago, the inability to culture unambiguously identifiable endothelial cells limited investigators in their studies of endothelial function. As a result, the field of endothelial cell biology lay relatively fallow for many years. The development in the early 1970's of routine and easily implemented methods for culturing human endothelial cells and the demonstration that cultured endothelial cells synthesized a physiologically relevant protein, Factor VIII/von Willebrand Factor, quickly changed this state of affairs. Over the following decade the scope of endothelial cell research rapidly widened, spreading in a number of directions. First, methods were developed to culture endothelial cells from a variety of species. Second, methods were developed to culture endothelial cells from different organs and types of blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) within a single species. Third, and most important, investigators began using cultured endothelial cells as tools to study the potential involvement of endothelial cells in a wide assortment of biologically interesting processes. The net result has been a tremendous increase in our understanding of endothelial cell function.

Immunotherapies Against Infectious Diseases
Immunotherapies Against Infectious Diseases

Author: Saba Tufail

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2024-11-08

Total Pages: 95

ISBN-13: 2832556620

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Infectious diseases have jeopardized human health significantly as evidenced by the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. In recent years, the world has witnessed outbreaks of many emerging and re-emerging infections such as SARS (most recent by SARS-CoV-2), Ebola, Zika, MERS, dengue which in addition to taking millions of lives, have posed major health issues in recovered individuals. Moreover, several infectious agents like hepatitis B and C viruses, human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1, Epstein-Barr virus, human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus bovis have been found to cause different types of cancers since the action mechanism of these agents sometimes transforms an infected cell into a cancer cell. As these infections are difficult to treat with available drugs owing to their lower efficacy, toxicity and emergence of drug resistance; immunotherapy is viewed as a viable option. Immunotherapy is manipulating body’s defense mechanism to treat/manage disease. Threats of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in addition to dangers of developing cancer due to cancer-causing infectious agents combined with lack of effective treatment modalities has shifted focus of scientific community to immunotherapy. Advancements in immunotherapies comprising vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, T cells and checkpoint inhibitors have shown immense promise in combating not only cancer but infectious diseases as well. Through this Research Topic, we aim to discuss recent advances in immunotherapy-based treatment/management of infectious diseases We aim to include studies that evaluate how different forms of immunotherapies including vaccines have been/can be exploited for preventing/treating/managing infectious diseases. We welcome Original Research Articles, Reviews, and Mini-reviews discussing the following main themes: • Vaccines against emerging/re-emerging diseases. • Vaccine design components/technologies such as adjuvants, delivery systems, administration route, dosage. • Targeted therapy. • Cancer immunotherapy using (but not limited to) monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, T cells and checkpoint inhibitors. • Monoclonal antibodies (including nanobodies) against SARS-COV-2 for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. • Immunotherapies for infectious diseases using (but not limited to) monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, T cells and checkpoint inhibitors. Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts elaborating the use of delivery systems/nanoparticles/nanomaterials for the aforementioned theme/themes.

Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author: Nagehan Ersoy Tunalı

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2021-01-20

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 1838801499

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Neurodegenerative diseases represent a very large group of heterogeneous disorders affecting specific subtypes of neurons in the brain. This book contributes insight both to the awareness of the brain and its neurodegenerative states. The chapters present current knowledge regarding genetics, molecular mechanisms, and new therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative disorders. The book is intended to serve as a source to aid clinicians and researchers in the field, and also life science readers to increase their understanding and awareness of the clinical correlations, genetic aspects, neuropathological findings, and current therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases. I believe that this book will enlighten the curiosity for neurodegeneration and also encourage researchers to work on potentially effective molecular therapies for still mysterious neurodegenerative disorders.

Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2023, E-Book
Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2023, E-Book

Author: Fred F. Ferri

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences

Published: 2022-06-21

Total Pages: 4950

ISBN-13: 0323755747

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For 25 years, Ferri's Clinical Advisor has provided immediate answers on the myriad medical diseases and disorders you're likely to encounter in a unique, easy-to-use format. A bestselling title year after year, this popular "5 books in 1" reference delivers vast amounts of information in a user-friendly manner. It is updated annually to provide current and clinically relevant answers on over 1,000 common medical conditions, including diseases and disorders, differential diagnoses, clinical algorithms, laboratory tests, and clinical practice guidelines?all carefully reviewed by experts in key clinical fields. Extensive algorithms, along with hundreds of high-quality photographs, illustrations, diagrams, and tables, ensure that you stay current with today's medical practice. - Contains significant updates throughout all 5 sections, covering all aspects of diagnosis and treatment. - Features 27 all-new topics including coronary artery dissection, perimandibular abscess, retinal vein occlusion, performance enhancing hormones, aphasia, hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, pelvic fracture, lung transplant, penile cancer and obsessive rumination syndrome, among others. - Includes useful appendices covering care of the transgender patient, palliative care, preoperative evaluation, nutrition, poison management, commonly used herbal products in integrated medicine, and much more. - Offers online access to Patient Teaching Guides in both English and Spanish.

Magnesium in the Central Nervous System
Magnesium in the Central Nervous System

Author: Robert Vink

Publisher: University of Adelaide Press

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 0987073052

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The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.