Three Essays on Land Use Economics
Author: Daniel Morgan Miles
Publisher:
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 330
ISBN-13:
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Author: Daniel Morgan Miles
Publisher:
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 330
ISBN-13:
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Published: 2006
Total Pages:
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Tingting Liu
Publisher:
Published: 2014
Total Pages: 424
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: TianHang Gao
Publisher:
Published: 2019
Total Pages: 171
ISBN-13: 9781687974372
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSometimes, social planners use reverse auctions to retire or reserve farmland from production. Other times, social planners offer incentive contracts for the adoption of best management plans. Taxes may be used to influence landowners’ development decisions, too. Heterogeneous attributes of landowners as hidden information create challenges to social planners in designing cost-effective policy tools. Landowners have better information and make use of this advantage to maximize private benefits, which limits the performance of these policies, measured by different metrics. The three essays evaluate those policy tools and investigate the heterogeneity and asymmetric information problem in land economics.
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Published: 2018
Total Pages:
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Jiayin Lai
Publisher:
Published: 2009
Total Pages: 358
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis dissertation consists of three papers on land use economics and regulation. The first paper reviews numerous past literatures on how land-use regulation, agricultural subsidies, and use-value assessment method affect land values. The second paper uses a theoretical model to analyze how imposing minimum-lot-size zoning and different designs of minimum-lot-size zoning policies affects land value. The third papers use land data from Oregon to investigate the price effect of minimum-lot-size zoning and potential impact of Measure 37 and 49. The first essay reviews an extensive collection of literature from most major applied economics journals in recent years. These past studies attempted to investigate the impacts of various land use policies, including minimum-lot-size zoning, open space protection, wetland conservation, etc. These studies demonstrate how land use policies might affect residents' land consumption, social welfare, land markets, local government finance, and urban development patterns. Various econometric and mathematical models have been used to overcome problems related to modeling and data, such as spatial correlation. The objective of the second essay is to investigate the effect of the minimum-lot-size zoning on land values versus the value of individual exemptions from the regulations. The study first assumes all residents live in a monocentric city and have the same income constraints, and then assumes that there are two income groups living in the monocentric city. Minimum-lot-size zoning is applied to the periphery of the city. As stated in the study by Jaeger and Plantinga (special report, June 2007), distinguishing between two concepts - the change in property value due to regulation and the value to a landowner of an individual exemption to a regulation - is important to estimate the potential impact of Measure 37 and 49. Therefore, this study will explore both cases: 1) the removal of minimum-lot-size zoning from all parcels, and 2) having a single parcel exempted from zoning. Both open-city and closed-city scenarios will be considered. The comparative statics will show how the zoning policy influences urban land values. In addition, a simulation will help to demonstrate the impact of policy changes. The third essay uses the two-stage hedonic model to estimate the demand for lot size. The first stage estimation allows us to estimate the marginal impact of zoning policies, while the second stage estimation is used to investigate how land values are affected by the non-marginal change in zoning policies, such as the elimination of zoning or changes related to Measure 37. In the first stage estimation, the zoning policy is assumed to have two conflicting impacts on the land value; the regulation reduces development opportunities while it also may provide more environmental benefits. In the empirical model, four Oregon counties are considered as separate land markets, and the distribution of consumers' tastes are assumed to be the same across the counties. This provides a tool for solving the identification problem in the second stage estimation.
Author: Harry Gunnison Brown
Publisher:
Published: 1925
Total Pages: 204
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn three essays the author discusses whether taxation can be used as a tool for obtaining and perpetuation of economic democracy, and if so, what system of taxation is the best for the end in view.
Author: Ian W. Hardie
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2017-09-08
Total Pages: 625
ISBN-13: 1351891081
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Economics of Land Use brings together the most significant journal essays in key areas of contemporary agricultural, food and resource economics and land use policy. The editors provide a state-of-the-art overview of the topic and access to the economic literature that has shaped contemporary perspectives on land use analysis and policy.
Author: Wendong Zhang
Publisher:
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 168
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe last chapter examines the interplay between agriculture and the environment and the trade-off between farmer welfare and ecosystem benefits resulting from alternative agri-environmental policies. Using individual level data on farm, field, and farmer characteristics, the third chapter develops a structural econometric model of farmer' profit-maximizing output supply and input demand decisions, and quantifies the impacts of alternative nutrient management policies, including uniform and targeted fertilizer taxes. Results reveal that neither a fertilizer tax nor an educational campaign could alone achieve the policy goal of a 40% reduction in agricultural nutrient loadings into Lake Erie, and spatial targeting has the potential to improve the cost-effectiveness of the policies.
Author: David Haim
Publisher:
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 136
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis dissertation's three essays explore the effects of climate change on land use changes in the U.S., how future land areas in all major land uses change by projecting land use at the regional scale under two IPCC climate change scenarios. Investigate how and what role should carbon sequestration plays as a mitigation strategy given uncertainty of climate impacts and, estimate how responsive the demand for and the supply of urban land is to changes in its price and how different climatic variables effect both the supply and the demand for urban land. The first essay uses an econometric model to project regional and national landuse changes in the U.S. under two IPCC climate change scenarios. The key driver of land-use change in the model is county-level measures of net returns to five major land uses. The net returns are modified for the IPCC scenarios according to assumed trends in population and income and projections from integrated assessment models of agricultural prices and agricultural and forestry yields. For both scenarios, we project large increases in urban land by the middle of the century, while the largest declines are in cropland area. Significant differences among regions in the projected patterns of land-use change are evident, including an expansion of forests in the Mountain and Plains regions with declines elsewhere. Comparisons to projections with no climate change effects on prices and yields reveal relatively small differences. Thus, our findings suggest that future land use patterns in the U.S. will be shaped largely by urbanization, with climate change having a relatively small influence. The second essay explores the optimal time path of carbon sequestration and carbon abatement in stabilizing CO2 levels under uncertainty of climate impacts. We question the conventional wisdom that carbon sequestration should be used as a near term strategy by recognizing the fact that sequestration, unlike abatement, can actually remove CO2 from the atmosphere. Two related models are examined: a deterministic fixed end point and finite time horizon model and a two-period sequential decision making model. In the latter, uncertainty regard the stabilization level of the atmospheric stock is resolved prior to the decision on how much to control the stock in the second period. Present value costs of abatement and sequestration are minimized subject to two state variables; the level of CO2 stock in the atmosphere and the stock of suitable land that can be converted to forestland. Both models show that carbon sequestration may play an important role in climate change mitigation under certain conditions. In addition, the stochastic model finds that an increase in the variability of climate impacts results in higher rates of abatement today while leaving some sequestration capacity as a safety value for the future. In the third essay, a structural model of the demand for and the supply of urban land is estimated using panel data on 3032 counties in the contiguous U.S for the four time periods 1982, 1987, 1992 and, 1997. A two-step estimation procedure is applied. In the first step, fixed effects and time-varying variables are used to estimate the structural system of demand and supply equations via Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) procedure. This yields consistent estimates of the structural equations' parameters. The model is then extended to a hierarchical linear model. The contribution of observed time-invariant variables in explaining counties fixed effects is investigated. Among these variables are climatic and geographical variables that are assumed to affect both the supply and the demand for urban land, though in potentially different ways. Results suggest inelastic supply and demand at the national and regional levels with the exception of an elastic demand in the West region. Examined climatic and geographical variables are found to have significant effects on both the supply of and the demand for urban land.