Theory of the Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Effects

Theory of the Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Effects

Author: Shosuke Sasaki

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781634849388

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book aims to describe the physics of the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects (QHE) from a theoretical side. In the classical Hall effect, the Hall resistance is proportional to the applied magnetic field strength and varies continuously. So, the discovery of a stepwise change of the Hall resistance by von Klitzing in an ultra-thin layer of a MOSFET was a big surprise. The QHE is a macroscopic phenomenon and shows the exact quantum structure, which is one of the most fundamental phenomena in physics. The fractional quantum Hall effect has been explained assuming quasi-particles with fractional charges or Jain's composite fermions, the existence of which has not been verified experimentally. The author has been developing a theory based on a standard treatment of an interacting electron system without assuming any quasi-particle. This book will be easily understood by undergraduate students in physics. Knowledge of quantum field theory is needed to study Chapter 9.


The Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

The Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

Author: Tapash Chakraborty

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 3642971016

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The experimental discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at the end of 1981 by Tsui, Stormer and Gossard was absolutely unexpected since, at this time, no theoretical work existed that could predict new struc tures in the magnetotransport coefficients under conditions representing the extreme quantum limit. It is more than thirty years since investigations of bulk semiconductors in very strong magnetic fields were begun. Under these conditions, only the lowest Landau level is occupied and the theory predicted a monotonic variation of the resistivity with increasing magnetic field, depending sensitively on the scattering mechanism. However, the ex perimental data could not be analyzed accurately since magnetic freeze-out effects and the transitions from a degenerate to a nondegenerate system complicated the interpretation of the data. For a two-dimensional electron gas, where the positive background charge is well separated from the two dimensional system, magnetic freeze-out effects are barely visible and an analysis of the data in the extreme quantum limit seems to be easier. First measurements in this magnetic field region on silicon field-effect transistors were not successful because the disorder in these devices was so large that all electrons in the lowest Landau level were localized. Consequently, models of a spin glass and finally of a Wigner solid were developed and much effort was put into developing the technology for improving the quality of semi conductor materials and devices, especially in the field of two-dimensional electron systems.


Fractional Quantum Hall Effects: New Developments

Fractional Quantum Hall Effects: New Developments

Author: Bertrand I Halperin

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2020-06-09

Total Pages: 551

ISBN-13: 9811217505

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The fractional quantum Hall effect has been one of the most active areas of research in quantum condensed matter physics for nearly four decades, serving as a paradigm for unexpected and exotic emergent behavior arising from interactions. This book, featuring a collection of articles written by experts and a Foreword by Klaus von Klitzing, the discoverer of quantum Hall effect and winner of 1985 Nobel Prize in physics, aims to provide a coherent account of the exciting new developments and the current status of the field.


The Quantum Hall Effect

The Quantum Hall Effect

Author: Richard E. Prange

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 487

ISBN-13: 146123350X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

After a foreword by Klaus von Klitzing, the first chapters of this book discuss the prehistory and the theoretical basis as well as the implications of the discovery of the Quantum Hall effect on superconductivity, superfluidity, and metrology, including experimentation. The second half of this volume is concerned with the theory of and experiments on the many body problem posed by fractional effect. Specific unsolved problems are mentioned throughout the book and a summary is made in the final chapter. The quantum Hall effect was discovered on about the hundredth anniversary of Hall's original work, and the finding was announced in 1980 by von Klitzing, Dorda and Pepper. Klaus von KIitzing was awarded the 1985 Nobel prize in physics for this discovery.


Electrons in Solids

Electrons in Solids

Author: Richard A Dunlap

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Published: 2019-10-24

Total Pages: 114

ISBN-13: 1643276905

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The transport of electric charge through most materials is well described in terms of their electronic band structure. The present book deals with two cases where the charge transport in a solid is not described by the simple band structure picture of the solid. These cases are related to the phenomena of the quantum Hall effect and superconductivity. Part I of this book deals with the quantum Hall effect, which is a consequence of the behavior of electrons in solids when they are constrained to move in two dimensions. Part II of the present volume describes the behavior of superconductors, where electrons are bound together in Cooper pairs and travel through a material without resistance.


The Quantum Hall Effect

The Quantum Hall Effect

Author: Daijiro Yoshioka

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 3662050161

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The fractional quantum Hall effect has opened up a new paradigm in the study of strongly correlated electrons and it has been shown that new concepts, such as fractional statistics, anyon, chiral Luttinger liquid and composite particles, are realized in two-dimensional electron systems. This book explains the quantum Hall effects together with these new concepts starting from elementary quantum mechanics.


Quantum Hall Effects

Quantum Hall Effects

Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 741

ISBN-13: 9812700323

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

A pedagogical and self-contained discussion on monolayer and bilayer quantum Hall systems is given in this volume in a field-theoretical framework, with an introduction to quantum field theory, anyon physics and Chem-Simons gauge theory.


Field Theories of Condensed Matter Physics

Field Theories of Condensed Matter Physics

Author: Eduardo Fradkin

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-02-28

Total Pages: 855

ISBN-13: 0521764440

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Presenting the physics of the most challenging problems in condensed matter using the conceptual framework of quantum field theory, this book is of great interest to physicists in condensed matter and high energy and string theorists, as well as mathematicians. Revised and updated, this second edition features new chapters on the renormalization group, the Luttinger liquid, gauge theory, topological fluids, topological insulators and quantum entanglement. The book begins with the basic concepts and tools, developing them gradually to bring readers to the issues currently faced at the frontiers of research, such as topological phases of matter, quantum and classical critical phenomena, quantum Hall effects and superconductors. Other topics covered include one-dimensional strongly correlated systems, quantum ordered and disordered phases, topological structures in condensed matter and in field theory and fractional statistics.


Topological Quantum Numbers In Nonrelativistic Physics

Topological Quantum Numbers In Nonrelativistic Physics

Author: David Thouless

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 1998-03-12

Total Pages: 440

ISBN-13: 9814498033

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Topological quantum numbers are distinguished from quantum numbers based on symmetry because they are insensitive to the imperfections of the systems in which they are observed. They have become very important in precision measurements in recent years, and provide the best measurements of voltage and electrical resistance. This book describes the theory of such quantum numbers, starting with Dirac's argument for the quantization of electric charge, and continuing with discussions on the helium superfluids, flux quantization and the Josephson effect in superconductors, the quantum Hall effect, solids and liquid crystals, and topological phase transitions. The accompanying reprints include some of the classic experimental and theoretical papers in this area.Physicists — both experimental and theoretical — who are interested in the topic will find this book an invaluable reference.