Theobroma Cacao

Theobroma Cacao

Author: Peter Aikpokpodion

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2019-11-06

Total Pages: 166

ISBN-13: 1839627328

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Almost five million tonnes of cocoa produced annually drives the US$100 billion global chocolate industry. To sustain the industry, cacao planting materials (seeds and clones) have been successfully moved from the Amazon forests in America to the humid tropical forests of Africa, Asia, and Australia. In more than 150 years of commercial cacao cultivation, smallholder farmers that supply the bulk of cocoa beans still face several production constraints that impede their efficiency. Scientific technologies have therefore been deployed to remove these constraints by ensuring a continuous supply of good quality cocoa beans to meet growing global demand. This book provides insight into these scientific advances to address these current and emerging problems and to assure the sustainability of the global cocoa industry.


Brazilian Perspectives on Sustainable Development of the Amazon Region

Brazilian Perspectives on Sustainable Development of the Amazon Region

Author: Miguel Clüsener-Godt

Publisher: Unesco ; Carnforth, Lancs, UK ; Pearl River, N.Y., USA : Parthenon Publishing Group

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13:

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Very often, the reports and commentaries come from outside the countries and peoples of the region, while much of the thinking about Amazonia from within is not widely known or accessible.


Nature's Matrix

Nature's Matrix

Author: Ivette Perfecto

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-05-31

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 0429650280

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When first published in 2009, Nature’s Matrix set out a radical new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. This new edition pushes the frontier of the biodiversity/agriculture debate further, making an even stronger case for the need to transform agriculture and support small- and medium-scale agroecology and food sovereignty. In the first edition, the authors set out a radical new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. This is based on the concept of a landscape as a matrix of diverse, small-scale agricultural ecosystems, providing opportunities to enhance conservation under the stewardship of local farmers. This contrasts with the alternative view of industrial-scale farms and large protected areas which exclude local people. However, since then the debate around conservation and agriculture has developed significantly and this is reflected in this updated second edition. The text is thoroughly revised, including: a reorganization of chapters with new and timely topics introduced, updates to the discussion of agroecology and food sovereignty, bringing it in line with the current debates, greater coverage of the role of agroecology, in particular agroforestry, as an important component of climate change adaptation and mitigation, highlighting recent studies on the role of intensive agriculture in climate change and loss of biodiversity, and more attention given to the discussion of land sparing versus land sharing. By integrating the ecological aspects of agriculture and conservation biology, with a political and social analysis as well as historical perspective, the book continues to set a progressive agenda and appeals to a wide range of students and professionals.


Halting deforestation from agricultural value chains: the role of governments

Halting deforestation from agricultural value chains: the role of governments

Author: DeValue, K., Takahashi, N., Woolnough, T., Merle, C., Fortuna, S., Agostini, A.

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2022-09-29

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 9251369496

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This paper summarizes the current state of concepts and approaches for addressing deforestation in the trade, marketing, and production of agricultural commodities that have a disproportionate impact on forests at international, national, and landscape level. To date, predominant attention has been directed towards the role of the private sector and "consumer countries" that shape market regulation. This publication aims to complement the international discourse by generating a greater focus on the role of "producer country" governments at the national and local level to support efforts to decouple agricultural production from deforestation.


The Long-Term Perspective of Human Impact on Landscape for Environmental Change and Sustainability

The Long-Term Perspective of Human Impact on Landscape for Environmental Change and Sustainability

Author: Anna Maria Mercuri

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2019-11-19

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 3039217968

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The research studies included in this Special Issue highlight the fundamental contribution of the knowledge of environmental history to conscious and efficient environment conservation and management. The long-term perspective of the dynamics that govern the human–climate ecosystem is becoming one of the main focuses of interest in biological and earth system sciences. Multidisciplinary bio-geo-archaeo investigations into the underlying processes of human impact on the landscape are crucial to envisage possible future scenarios of biosphere responses to global warming and biodiversity losses. This Special Issue seeks to engage an interdisciplinary dialog on the dynamic interactions between nature and society, focusing on long-term environmental data as an essential tool for better-informed landscape management decisions to achieve an equilibrium between conservation and sustainable resource exploitation.


Climate Change-Resilient Agriculture and Agroforestry

Climate Change-Resilient Agriculture and Agroforestry

Author: Paula Castro

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-01-24

Total Pages: 518

ISBN-13: 3319750046

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This book collects wide-ranging contributions such as case studies, reviews, reports on technological developments, outputs of research/studies, and examples of successful projects, presenting current knowledge and raising awareness to help the agriculture and forestry sectors find solutions for mitigating climate variability and adapting to change. It brings the topic of ecosystem services closer to education and learning, as targeted by the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020. Climate change and its impacts on agriculture and agroforestry have been observed across the world during the last 50 years. Increasing temperatures, droughts, biotic stresses and the impacts of extreme events have continuously decreased agroforestry systems’ resilience to the effects of climate change. As such, there is a need to adapt farming and agroforestry systems so as to make them better able to handle ever-changing climate conditions, and to preserve habitats and ecosystems services.