At every point in the lifespan, individual differences in a sense of control are strong predictors of motivation, coping and success and failure in a wide range of domains. What are the origins of these individual differences, how do they develop and what are the mechanisms by which they exert such an influence on psychological functioning? To answer these questions, this book draws on theories and research covering key control constructs, including self-efficacy, learned helplessness, locus of control and attribution theory. Skinner also considers such issues as: the origins of control in social interaction; environmental features that promote or undermine control; developmental change in the mechanisms by which experience
Todays management world continually relies on technological efficiency to function and perform at a high standard. As technology becomes a greater part in many fields, understanding and managing this factor is integral for organizations. Inventive Approaches for Technology Integration and Information Resources Management provides an overview and analysis of knowledge management in sustainability, emergency preparedness, and IT, among other fields integral to the modern technological era. By providing a foundation for innovative practices in using technology and information resources, this publication is essential for practitioners and professionals, as well as undergraduate/graduate students and academicians.
Researchers often have difficulties collecting enough data to test their hypotheses, either because target groups are small or hard to access, or because data collection entails prohibitive costs. Such obstacles may result in data sets that are too small for the complexity of the statistical model needed to answer the research question. This unique book provides guidelines and tools for implementing solutions to issues that arise in small sample research. Each chapter illustrates statistical methods that allow researchers to apply the optimal statistical model for their research question when the sample is too small. This essential book will enable social and behavioral science researchers to test their hypotheses even when the statistical model required for answering their research question is too complex for the sample sizes they can collect. The statistical models in the book range from the estimation of a population mean to models with latent variables and nested observations, and solutions include both classical and Bayesian methods. All proposed solutions are described in steps researchers can implement with their own data and are accompanied with annotated syntax in R. The methods described in this book will be useful for researchers across the social and behavioral sciences, ranging from medical sciences and epidemiology to psychology, marketing, and economics.
Part of a set containing the contributions of authors from a variety of nations, cultures, traditions and perspectives, this volume offers an up-to-date assessment of theoretical developments and methodological issues in the rapidly-evolving area of cross-cultural psychology.
This book focuses on the issues of life cycle development from a multicultural perspective. It explores the impact of cultural influences on development within each of the life stages and dimensions of development and utilizes a non-Eurocentric approach. It introduces the reader to several theories, research studies and applications and examines the traditional research and modifications as a result of diverse cultural approaches. Human Development in Multicultural Contexts offers an important and significant alternative to other human development books that omit cultural variables. It helps to provide a balance in life with respect to resources, fresh perspectives, and techniques. This multicultural book is information for a psychology of all people. A non-Eurocentric approach integrates the scholarship of developmental psychology research from several cultures. It identifies historical and contemporary contributions and experiences and deals with relevant developmental issues such as vocational development, eating disorders, and dating violence. Ideal for anyone interested in developmental psychology of the developmental stages of life from a multicultural perspective.
This book provides an overview of recent research on the relationship between noncognitive attributes (motivation, self efficacy, resilience) and academic outcomes (such as grades or test scores). We focus primarily on how these sets of attributes are measured and how they relate to important academic outcomes. Noncognitive attributes are those academically and occupationally relevant skills and traits that are not “cognitive”—that is, not specifically intellectual or analytical in nature. We examine seven attributes in depth and critique the measurement approaches used by researchers and talk about how they can be improved.