Over the past decade Peru has seen a period of transformative growth, effectively positioning it as one of the leading economic performers in Latin America. Posting growth rates in excess of 6% from 2010-12, the economy expanded by a further 5.1% in the first half of 2013. A major metals and minerals exporter with a burgeoning agricultural sector, Peru’s rapid economic growth has been the result of elevated global demand for commodities and key exports, as well as prudent fiscal planning and the expansion of non-primary sectors. With an investor-friendly legal framework, Peru has become a prime destination for foreign direct investment and was recently ranked the second-best country for doing business in Latin America by the World Bank. Despite ongoing social conflict related to extractive industries and a sizeable infrastructure gap, Peru’s stable macroeconomic environment and its efforts to diversify and guard against price volatility should ensure continued growth for this Andean economy.
Natural resource extraction has fueled protest movements in Latin America and existing research has drawn considerable scholarly attention to the politics of antimarket contention at the national level, particularly in Ecuador, Bolivia, and Argentina. Despite its residents reporting the third-highest level of protest participation in the region, Peru has been largely ignored in these discussions. In this groundbreaking study, Moises Arce exposes a long-standing climate of popular contention in Peru. Looking beneath the surface to the subnational, regional, and local level as inception points, he rigorously dissects the political conditions that set the stage for protest. Focusing on natural resource extraction and its key role in the political economy of Peru and other developing countries, Arce reveals a wide disparity in the incidence, forms, and consequences of collective action. Through empirical analysis of protest events over thirty-one years, extensive personal interviews with policymakers and societal actors, and individual case studies of major protest episodes, Arce follows the ebb and flow of Peruvian protests over time and space to show the territorial unevenness of democracy, resource extraction, and antimarket contentions. Employing political process theory, Arce builds an interactive framework that views the moderating role of democracy, the quality of institutional representation as embodied in political parties, and most critically, the level of political party competition as determinants in the variation of protest and subsequent government response. Overall, he finds that both the fluidity and fragmentation of political parties at the subnational level impair the mechanisms of accountability and responsiveness often attributed to party competition.Thus, as political fragmentation increases, political opportunities expand, and contention rises. These dynamics in turn shape the long-term development of the state. Resource Extraction and Protest in Peru will inform students and scholars of globalization, market transitions, political science, contentious politics and Latin America generally, as a comparative analysis relating natural resource extraction to democratic processes both regionally and internationally.
Expanding at an average rate of 6.4% per annum since the mid-2000s, Peru’s economic growth has been remarkable, but also heavily dependent on one sector. Driven by a sharp rise in commodity prices, the mining industry spurred Peru’s economy to the fastest sustained growth rate in Latin America during much of the past decade.The end of the commodities supercycle however, saw economic growth slow down substantially over the course of 2014, with the central bank revising growth projections to 3.1% in mid-October. In a bid to stimulate growth, the government has intensified diversification efforts and introduced a series of measures aimed at promoting investment. The current economic slowdown, attributable in part to delays in some major mining developments, is generally seen as a temporary one, and growth is expected to pick up again in 2015. While mining will remain the backbone of the Peruvian economy - in particular from 2016 and beyond as several large-scale copper projects come on-line - other sectors, including industry and tourism, should begin to play increasingly important roles.
Over the last decade Peru has consistently been the fastest-growing economy in Latin America, and unlike some of its neighbours, has been remarkably resilient to global headwinds, registering positive growth rates for an uninterrupted 18 years through to 2016. While the pace of growth has slowed as the long commodities boom ebbed after 2012, Peru recorded an average annual growth rate of 5.9% in 2005-15, almost double the 3% rate for Latin America as a whole. Stakeholders and investors will now be looking to efforts by the new government, which took office in July 2016, to address problems, implement additional reforms and spur further economic growth.
In 2001, following a generation of armed conflict and authoritarian rule, the Peruvian state created a Truth and Reconciliation Committee (TRC). Pascha Bueno-Hansen places the TRC, feminist and human rights movements, and related non-governmental organizations within an international and historical context to expose the difficulties in addressing gender-based violence. Her innovative theoretical and methodological framework based on decolonial feminism and a critical engagement with intersectionality facilitates an in-depth examination of the Peruvian transitional justice process based on field studies and archival research. Bueno-Hansen uncovers the colonial mappings and linear temporality underlying transitional justice efforts and illustrates why transitional justice mechanisms must reckon with the societal roots of atrocities, if they are to result in true and lasting social transformation. Original and bold, Feminist and Human Rights Struggles in Peru elucidates the tension between the promise of transitional justice and persistent inequality and impunity.
This book analyzes the relations between two geographical areas with different levels of regional institutionalization: the European Union and Latin America. Characterized by low interdependence and asymmetry, this relationship operates in different levels ranging from EU-individual countries to EU-Latin American summits.
This edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Minerals Yearbook discusses the performance of the worldwide minerals and materials industries during year 2013 and provides background information to assist in interpreting that performance. These annual reviews are designed to provide timely statistical data on mineral commodities in various countries. This volume covers data from Asia and the Pacific. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook. Audience: Government employees and contractors, as well as businesses and employees, all working in mineral-related trades, especially with interests in statistics about mineral commodities overseas, will find this resource invaluable.
In the decade to 2014 Peru became one of the fastest-growing economies in Latin America, with an average annual real GDP growth rate of 6.2%, second only to Panama (8.2%), and well ahead of the Latin American and Caribbean average (3.4%). The strong pace of economic growth during a decade-long, commodities-led economic boom tripled Peruvian GDP and led to a major reduction in the poverty rate, which fell from nearly half the population (49.2%) in 2006 to under a quarter (23.9%) in 2013. However, the end of the commodities cycle saw GDP growth slow to an estimated 2.5% in 2015, according to the IMF. In 2016 the mineral-rich Andean country faces some uncertainty, with general elections scheduled for April 2016, the occurrence of the El Niño weather pattern and continued external headwinds. Even so, a recovery is expected to begin, with growth forecast to reach 3.3% in 2016, on the back of increased mining activity and continued public spending on major infrastructure projects.
This digital government study explores the state of the digitalisation of the public sector in Peru. It addresses recent efforts to build an institutional and legal framework to support the digital transformation of the public sector. It also discusses the design and delivery of, and access to, public services, and the role that digital technologies can play in improving them. Finally, this report assesses the state of data governance and open data in Peru’s public sector.
The explosive story of the illegal gold trade from South America, and the three Miami businessmen who got rich on it—until it all came crashing down. In March of 2017, a team of federal agents arrested Juan Pablo Granda, Samer Barrage, and Renato Rodriguez, or as they came to be known, "the three amigos." The trio—first identified publicly by the authors of this book—had built a $3.6 billion dollar business in metals trading, mostly illegal Peruvian gold mined in the rain forest. Their arrest and subsequent prosecution laid bare more than a scheme between a few corrupt traders. Dirty Gold lifts the veil on a massive and very illegal international business that is more lucrative than trafficking cocaine, and often just as dangerous. As this award-winning team of current and former Miami Herald reporters shows, illegal gold mines have become a haven for Latin American drug money. The gold is sold to metals traders, and ultimately to scores of unwitting Americans in their jewelry and phones. By following the trail of these three traders, Dirty Gold leads us into a sprawling criminal underworld that has never before been in full view.
