The Relationship Between Perceived Wellness and Stages of Change for Exercise Among Rural African American Women
The Relationship Between Perceived Wellness and Stages of Change for Exercise Among Rural African American Women

Author: Imani Carolyn Goodwin

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13:

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the US, and African American women (AAW) have a disproportionately high rate of deaths from CVD. Physical inactivity plays a major role in CVD development. It has been reported that some rural women have low rates of physical activity; 39% of White women and 57% of women of color are reported to be physically inactive. Rural AAW have a high mortality and morbidity rate related to CVD and a high rate of physical inactivity. The purpose of this study was to describe rural AAW's perception of wellness in conjunction with their stage of change for engaging in exercise. A questionnaire was designed to obtain demographic information and reliable and valid questionnaires were used to measure perceived wellness and current stage of change for exercise. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, a convenience sample of 162 rural AAW was recruited from four rural churches in Selma, Alabama. A one-time meeting was conducted and questionnaires were completed by the participants. Statistical analyses including independent samples t-tests and one-way and two-way ANOVAs were conducted to determine if there were associations among demographic characteristics, self-reported presence of CVD, perceived wellness, and stage of change for exercise. Findings indicated that there was no relationship between perceived wellness and stages of change for exercise among rural AAW; no relationship was found between perceived wellness and CVD, or CVD and stage of change for exercise. However, 51.3% of the sample reported they were physically active, and 21.6% planned to increase their activity within 30 days. Annual household income and employment status were positively correlated with perceived wellness, suggesting a greater sense of wellness is related to income and employment among these rural AAW. These findings have implications for nursing practice in the areas of facilitating health promoting behaviors and development of exercise and wellness programs for rural AAW.

Health Promotion and Wellness
Health Promotion and Wellness

Author: Cheryl Hawk

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Published: 2013-01-24

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13: 1469828766

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Health Promotion and Wellness is designed to provide health care providers with both the theoretical knowledge and practical skills they need to provide high-quality clinical preventive services. This unique resource is separated into two sections: The first section gives information on risks, ways providers can assess for risk and tools they can use to advise and help patients move forward. The second section is a tool kit with information, resources, tools and other items that can help the clinician provide evidence-based, patient-centered information to their patients. This accessible reference provide readers with the basic elements necessary to help their patients change their health behavior related to the most prevalent risk factors, and to serve as a springboard to keep pace with the latest evidence arising in the applied science of wellness, prevention and health promotion. INSIDE YOU’LL FIND: • Screening, prevention, health promotion and advising information and resources that will complement your routine care of the patients you serve • Instructions for how to appropriately use CPT codes for billing preventive services

Understanding Psychosocial Adjustment to Chronic Illness and Disability
Understanding Psychosocial Adjustment to Chronic Illness and Disability

Author: Fong Chan, PhD, CRC

Publisher: Springer Publishing Company

Published: 2009-06-16

Total Pages: 605

ISBN-13: 0826123872

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Rehabilitation practitioners face the difficult task of helping clients adjust to chronic illness or disability. This can be a long and trying process for both practitioner and client. With this handbook, however, practitioners and students can gain a wealth of insight into the critical issues clients face daily. This book presents the dominant theories, models, and evidence-based techniques necessary to help the psychosocial adjustment of chronically ill or disabled persons. Each chapter is written from an evidence-based practice (EBP) perspective, and explores how important issues (i.e., social stigma, social support, sexuality, family, depression, and substance abuse) affect persons adjusting to chronic illness and disability. Key features include: A review of psychopharmacological treatment options for depression, anxiety, and other disorders coinciding with rehabilitation The effect of rehabilitation on the family, including key family intervention strategies Strategies for using positive psychology and motivational interviewing in rehabilitation Multiculturalism and the effect of culture on the adjustment process Ancillary materials including an instructor's manual with a syllabus, examination items, PowerPoint presentation, and answers to class exercises By incorporating research-based knowledge into clinical rehabilitation practice, health care professionals can ensure that people with chronic illness and disability receive only the best treatment.

Understanding the Influence of Motivational Readiness on the Relationship Between Body Image and Weight-Related Health Behaviors in African American Adults
Understanding the Influence of Motivational Readiness on the Relationship Between Body Image and Weight-Related Health Behaviors in African American Adults

Author: Hannah Jones

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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This study explored the associations among body image, motivational readiness, and weight-related health behaviors in African American men and women. African American adults (N=204) completed questionnaires on body image (perceived and desired), exercise and weight stages of change (SOC), physical activity (PA), and fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC). Linear regression and mediation model analyses were performed. Most (74.0%) participants were women (M age=48.1 years, SD=14.8) and obese (M BMI=31.7 kg/m2, SD=7.8). Perceived BMI was significantly associated with minutes of vigorous PA (=-0.2, t=-2.7, p=.007), moderate PA (=-0.2, t=-2.3, p=.023), total MVPA (=-0.2 t=-2.9 p=.004), and FVC (=-0.1, t=- 2.1, p=.041). While desired BMI was not found to be directly associated with PA or FVC, participants who desired to be smaller had higher levels of exercise SOC which was associated with increased minutes of vigorous PA (indirect effect=-3.8, 95% CI [-8.0, -1.0]), moderate PA (indirect effect=-3.1, 95% CI [-7.0, -0.7]), and total MVPA (indirect effect=-6.2, 95% CI [-14.0, -1.9]). Results suggest that perceived BMI, rather than desired BMI, may be a driving factor for PA or FVC in African American men and women. However, when individuals increase their exercise SOC, maintaining a healthy weight may be more important and a lower desired BMI is associated with higher levels of PA. Health promotion efforts are needed to reduce inaccurate perceptions of body size and to increase motivational readiness for exercise in order to increase PA among African American men and women.

The Meaning and Cultural Context of Physical Activity as Perceived by Physically Active, Rural African American Women
The Meaning and Cultural Context of Physical Activity as Perceived by Physically Active, Rural African American Women

Author: Allison Lenkerd

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13:

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Background - The health problems of overweight and obesity are growing concerns in the United States and in many parts of the world. At the time of this study, African American women had the highest mortality and obesity rates of any other racial/ethnic group in this country, and the highest level of physical inactivity (CDC, 2008; OMHRC, 2007). Research has suggested that despite African American women's awareness of the benefits of physical activity their rates of physical activity have remained low. A need existed to understand how physically active African American women, particularly those who resided in a rural area, perceived and experienced physical activity. Objective - The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the meaning and cultural context of physical activity among physically active, rural African American women, and to understand how they related physical activity and overweight to their health status. Methodology - To achieve this purpose, the researcher conducted 4 in-depth, open-ended focus group interviews in North Carolina. A qualitative methodology using a phenomenological approach enabled the researcher to better understand the meaning and sociocultural influences that the participants associated with physical activity participation. Analysis of verbatim transcriptions of the focus group interviews involved immersion, coding, categorizing, and identifying themes that emerged from the data. Results - Several primary themes emerged from the data from this study that revealed the participants experience of physical activity. These themes included perceptions of personal health, the evolution of physical activity, body image and overweight, social support, barriers, societal views of African American health status, and health related education. This chapter explored themes and various subthemes in order to get a more in-depth view of the participants' experience of physical activity, and definitions of physical activity and overweight as they relate to health in the minds of the participants. Conclusion - Health education programming aimed at this target population group must recognize several factors in order to provide culturally appropriate programs: the motivating factors of this population group; the association between size, overweight and health; their perception of what types of physical activities are appropriate; their support needs; the barriers that they face. In addition, it is important to provide education regarding their risks as well as information on how to get the information that they need to address these risks from their medical provider.