History of the Opium Problem

History of the Opium Problem

Author: Hans Derks

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2012-04-18

Total Pages: 851

ISBN-13: 9004221581

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Covering a period of about four centuries, this book demonstrates the economic and political components of the opium problem. As a mass product, opium was introduced in India and Indonesia by the Dutch in the 17th century. China suffered the most, but was also the first to get rid of the opium problem around 1950.


Modern China and Opium

Modern China and Opium

Author: Alan Baumler

Publisher: University of Michigan Press

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 9780472067688

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An intriguing historical examination of China's widespread opium epidemic


Opium Regimes

Opium Regimes

Author: Timothy Brook

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2000-09-18

Total Pages: 470

ISBN-13: 9780520222366

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Opium Regimes draws on a range of research to show that the opium trade was not purely a British operation, but involved Chinese merchants and state agents, and Japanese imperial agents as well.


The Peasant Production of Opium in Nineteenth-Century India

The Peasant Production of Opium in Nineteenth-Century India

Author: Rolf Bauer

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-04-09

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 9004385185

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Winner of the 2019 Michael Mitterauer-Prize for best monograph The Peasant Production of Opium in Nineteenth-Century India is a pioneering work about the more than one million peasants who produced opium for the colonial state in nineteenth-century India. Based on a profound empirical analysis, Rolf Bauer not only shows that the peasants cultivated poppy against a substantial loss but he also reveals how they were coerced into the production of this drug. By dissecting the economic and social power relations on a local level, this study explains how a triangle of debt, the colonial state’s power and social dependencies in the village formed the coercive mechanisms that transformed the peasants into opium producers. The result is a book that adds to our understanding of peasant economies in a colonial context.


Narcotic Culture

Narcotic Culture

Author: Frank Dikötter

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2004-04-16

Total Pages: 100

ISBN-13: 9780226149059

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To this day, the perception persists that China was a civilization defeated by imperialist Britain's most desirable trade commodity, opium—a drug that turned the Chinese into cadaverous addicts in the iron grip of dependence. Britain, in an effort to reverse the damage caused by opium addiction, launched its own version of the "war on drugs," which lasted roughly sixty years, from 1880 to World War II and the beginning of Chinese communism. But, as Narcotic Culture brilliantly shows, the real scandal in Chinese history was not the expansion of the drug trade by Britain in the early nineteenth century, but rather the failure of the British to grasp the consequences of prohibition. In a stunning historical reversal, Frank Dikötter, Lars Laamann, and Zhou Xun tell this different story of the relationship between opium and the Chinese. They reveal that opium actually had few harmful effects on either health or longevity; in fact, it was prepared and appreciated in highly complex rituals with inbuilt constraints preventing excessive use. Opium was even used as a medicinal panacea in China before the availability of aspirin and penicillin. But as a result of the British effort to eradicate opium, the Chinese turned from the relatively benign use of that drug to heroin, morphine, cocaine, and countless other psychoactive substances. Narcotic Culture provides abundant evidence that the transition from a tolerated opium culture to a system of prohibition produced a "cure" that was far worse than the disease. Delving into a history of drugs and their abuses, Narcotic Culture is part revisionist history of imperial and twentieth-century Britain and part sobering portrait of the dangers of prohibition.