Drawing upon extensive archival and other original sources, Soviet Power and the Countryside offers a new approach to understanding the political dynamics that led to the collapse of the Soviet order. A detailed analysis of the design, implementation and collapse of Soviet policy toward the countryside is used to explore the implications of a broadening of participation in the policy process from the 1960s. Neil J. Melvin argues that the new knowledge about rural society created as a result of this process provided the basis for a fundamental change in the nature of power relations in the Soviet order, leading to the decay and eventual collapse of policy making institutions.
"A most important and pioneering book--the only full-scale study of the Russian revolution and the peasant from 1917 through the first wave of mass collectivization in 1930." --Stephen F. Cohen
The purpose of this book is not to assert that there are limits to Soviet power but, through an examination of selected aspects of Soviet foreign and domestic policy, to understand what limits there are and to assess their significance and severity. The authors have assumed that the vast size of the Soviets' nuclear arsenal and considerable energy reserves, and that their vigorous and communicative new leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, their record of forceful interventions in Eastern Europe, Afghanistan, and Africa, and other indicators of ability to exert influence and control in world affairs were recognizable to most Americans.
The closed nature of the Soviet Union, combined with the WestÆs intellectual paradigm of Communist totalitarianism prior to the 1970s, have led to a one-dimensional view of Soviet history, both in Russia and the West. The opening of former Soviet archives allows historians to explore a broad array of critical issues at the local level. Provincial Landscapes is the first publication to begin filling this enormous gap in scholarship on the Soviet Union, pointing the way to additional work that will certainly force major reevaluations of the nationÆs history.Focusing on the years between the Revolution and StalinÆs death, the contributors to this volume address a variety of topics, including how political events and social engineering played themselves out at the local level; the construction of Bolshevik identities, including class, gender, ethnicity, and place; the Soviet cultural project; and the hybridization of Soviet cultural forms. In showing how the local is related to the larger society, the essays decenter standard narratives of Soviet history, enrich the understanding of major events and turning points in that history, and provide a context for the highly visible socio-political and cultural role individual Russian provinces began to play after the breakup of the Soviet Union.
Resistance has become an important and controversial analytical category for the study of Stalinism. The opening of Soviet archives allows historians an unprecedented look at the fabric of state and society in the 1930s. Researchers long spellbound by myths of Russian fatalism and submission as well as by the very real powers of the Stalinist state are startled by the dimensions of popular resistance under Stalin.Narratives of such resistance are inherently interesting, yet the topic is also significant because it sheds light on its historical surroundings. Contending with Stalinism employs the idea of resistance as a tool to explore what otherwise would remain opaque features of the social, cultural, and political history of the 1930s. In the process, the authors reveal a semi-autonomous world residing within and beyond the official world of Stalinism. Resistance ranged across a spectrum from violent strikes to the passive resistance that was a virtual way of life for millions and took many forms, from foot dragging and negligence to feigned ignorance and false compliance. Contending with Stalinism also highlights the problematic nature of resistance as an analytical category and stresses the ambiguous nature of the phenomenon. The topics addressed include working-class strikes, peasant rebellions, black-market crimes, official corruption, and homosexual and ethnic subcultures.
Efter afslutningen af 2. Verdenskrig begyndte Den Kolde Krig, hvor magtbalancen mellem vest og øst blev en vigtig del af USA's og USSR's udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik.
Representing the culmination of an RUSI main theme study, "Soviet Power and Prospects", this volume is based on the Institute's proposition that military power exerts a profound influence on the course of world politics and that such power cannot be divorced from its social and political context.