The Nature and Origin of the Noun Genders in the Indo-European Languages

The Nature and Origin of the Noun Genders in the Indo-European Languages

Author: Karl Brugmann

Publisher:

Published: 2015-08-04

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 9781332161812

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Excerpt from The Nature and Origin of the Noun Genders in the Indo-European Languages: A Lecture Delivered on the Occasion of the Sesquicentennial Celebration of Princeton University The factors that produced changes in human speech five thousand or ten thousand years ago cannot have been essentially different from those which are now operating to transform living languages. On the basis of this principle we look to-day at a much-discussed problem of Indo-European philology with views very different from the views held by the founders of Comparative Philology and their immediate successors. I refer to the problem, how the Indo-European people came to assign gender to nouns, to distinguish between masculine, feminine, and neuter. This question is of interest to others besides philologists. What man of culture who has learned languages such as the Greek, Latin, or French has not at times wondered that objects which have no possible connection with the natural gender of animals appear constantly in the language as male or female? About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.


Grammatical Change in Indo-European Languages

Grammatical Change in Indo-European Languages

Author: Vít Bubeník

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 289

ISBN-13: 9027248214

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The product of a group of scholars who have been working on new directions in Historical Linguistics, this book is focused on questions of grammatical change, and the central issue of grammaticalization in Indo-European languages. Several studies examine particular problems in specific languages, but often with implications for the IE phylum as a whole. Given the historical scope of the data (over a period of four millennia) long range grammatical changes such as the development of gender differences, strategies of definiteness, the prepositional phrase, or of the syntax of the verbal diathesis and aspect, are also treated. The shifting relevance of morphology to syntax, and syntax to morphology, a central motif of this research, has provoked lively debate in the discipline of Historical Linguistics.


Gender in Grammar and Cognition

Gender in Grammar and Cognition

Author: Barbara Unterbeck

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2011-07-20

Total Pages: 884

ISBN-13: 3110802600

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TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.


A History of Indo-European Verb Morphology

A History of Indo-European Verb Morphology

Author: Kenneth Shields

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 1992-01-01

Total Pages: 171

ISBN-13: 9027235880

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This book explores the origin and evolution of important grammatical categories of the Indo-European verb, including the markers of person, tense, number, aspect, and mood. Its central thesis is that many of these markers can be traced to original deictic particles which were incorporated into verbal structures in order to indicate the 'hic and nunc' and various degrees of remoteness from the 'hic and nunc'. The alterations to which these deictic elements were subject are viewed here in the context of an Indo-European language very different from Brugmannian Indo-European, many features of which, it is argued, appeared only in the period of dialectal development. This book challenges numerous traditional proposals about the Indo-European verb; all reconstructions contained in it are firmly based on extant data and are consonant with established principles of linguistic change.


Grammar and Gender

Grammar and Gender

Author: Dennis E. Baron

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 1986-01-01

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 9780300038835

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Traces the history of sexual bias in the English language, examines attempts at reform, and discusses new words coined to reduce sexism in language