The Letter of Petrus Peregrinus on the Magnet, A.D. 1269
Author: Pierre (de Maricourt)
Publisher:
Published: 1904
Total Pages: 76
ISBN-13:
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Author: Pierre (de Maricourt)
Publisher:
Published: 1904
Total Pages: 76
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Petrus Peregrinus
Publisher: Library of Alexandria
Published: 2020-09-28
Total Pages: 38
ISBN-13: 1465606181
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe poet Claudian (365-408 A. D.) wrote a short idyll on the attractive virtue of the lodestone and its symbolism; St. Augustine (354-430), in his work De Civitate Dei, records the fact that a lodestone, held under a silver plate, draws after it a scrap of iron lying on the plate. Abbot Neckam, the Augustinian (1157-1217), distinguishes between the properties of the two ends of the lodestone, and gives in his De Utensilibus, what is perhaps the earliest reference to the mariner’s compass that we have. Albertus Magnus, the Dominican (1193-1280), in his treatise, De Mineralibus, enumerates different kinds of natural magnets and states some of the properties commonly attributed to them; the minstrel, Guyot de Provins, in a famous satirical poem, written about 1208, refers to the directive quality of the lodestone and its use in navigation, as do also Cardinal de Vitry in his Historia Orientalis(1215-1220); Brunetto Latini, poet, orator and philosopher, in his Trésor des Sciences, a veritable library, written in Paris in 1260; Raymond Lully, the Enlightened Doctor, in his treatise, De Contemplatione, begun in 1272, and Guido Guinicelli, the poet-priest of Bologna, who died in 1276. The authors of these learned works were too busy with the pen to find time to devote to the close and prolonged study of natural phenomena necessary for fruitful discovery, and so had to content themselves with recording and discussing in their tomes the scientific knowledge of their age without making any notable additions to it. But this was not the case with such contemporaries of theirs as Roger Bacon, the Franciscan, and his Gallic friend, Pierre de Maricourt, commonly called Petrus Peregrinus, the subject of the present notice, a man of academic culture and of a practical rather than speculative turn of mind. Of the early years of Peregrinus nothing is known save that he studied probably at the University of Paris, and that he graduated with the highest scholastic honors. He owes his surname to the village of Maricourt, in Picardy, and the appellation Peregrinus, or Pilgrim, to his having visited the Holy Land as a member of one of the crusading expeditions of the time. In 1269 we find him in the engineering corps of the French army then besieging Lucera, in Southern Italy, which had revolted from the authority of its French master, Charles of Anjou. To Peregrinus was assigned the work of fortifying the camp and laying mines as well as of constructing engines for projecting stones and fire-balls into the beleaguered city. It was in the midst of such warlike preoccupations that the idea seems to have occurred to him of devising a piece of mechanism to keep the astronomical sphere of Archimedes in uniform rotation for a definite time. In the course of his work over the new motor, Peregrinus was gradually led to consider the more fascinating problem of perpetual motion itself with the result that he showed, at least diagrammatically, and to his own evident satisfaction, how a wheel might be driven round forever by the power of magnetic attraction.
Author: De Maricourt active 13th century Pierre
Publisher: Good Press
Published: 2023-10-26
Total Pages: 37
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPierre de Maricourt, a prominent figure in the 13th century, penned the groundbreaking work 'The Letter of Petrus Peregrinus on the Magnet, A.D. 1269,' which delves into the realm of magnetism and its properties. In this informative text, de Maricourt displays a keen understanding of science and engineering for his time, as he uncovers the intricate behavior of magnets and their polarity. Written in the form of a letter, the book showcases a unique blend of scholarly analysis and practical observations, making it a valuable contribution to the study of magnetism in the medieval era. With its lucid explanations and empirical evidence, the work stands as a testament to de Maricourt's intellectual prowess and inquisitive spirit, setting the stage for future advancements in the field of physics and magnetism. Overall, 'The Letter of Petrus Peregrinus on the Magnet, A.D. 1269' is a must-read for anyone interested in the history of science and the evolution of magnetic theory, offering a fascinating glimpse into the scientific achievements of the medieval period.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1904
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Uljana Feest
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Published: 2012-10-30
Total Pages: 308
ISBN-13: 3110253615
DOWNLOAD EBOOKRecent philosophy and history of science has seen a surge of interest in the role of concepts in scientific research. Scholars working in this new field focus on scientific concepts, rather than theories, as units of analysis and on the ways in which concepts are formed and used rather than on what they represent. They analyze what has traditionally been called the context of discovery, rather than (or in addition to) the context of justification. And they examine the dynamics of research rather than the status of the finished research results. This volume provides detailed case studies and general analyses to address questions raised by these points, such as: - Can concepts be clearly distinguished from the sets of beliefs we have about their referents? - What - if any - sense can be made of the separation between concepts and theories? - Can we distinguish between empirical and theoretical concepts? - Are there interesting similarities and differences between the role of concepts in the empirical sciences and in mathematics? - What underlying notion of investigative practice could be drawn on to explicate the role of concept in such practice? - From a philosophical point of view, is the distinction between discovery and justification a helpful frame of reference for inquiring into the dynamics of research? - From a historiographical point of view, does a focus on concepts face the danger of falling back into an old-fashioned history of ideas?
Author: Great Britain. Patent Office. Library
Publisher:
Published: 1910
Total Pages: 862
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Great Britain. Patent Office. Library
Publisher:
Published: 1910
Total Pages: 860
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Vincent G. Harris
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2022-11-08
Total Pages: 421
ISBN-13: 1394156154
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMODERN FERRITES, Volume 2 A robust exploration of the basic principles of ferrimagnetic and their applications In Modern Ferrites: Volume 2, renowned researcher and educator, Vincent G. Harris delivers a comprehensive overview of ferrimagnetic phenomena and discussions of select applications of modern ferrite materials in emerging technologies and applications. Volume 2 explores fundamental properties of ferrite systems, including their structure, chemistry, and magnetism, as well as practical applications, such as permanent magnets; inductors, inverters, and filters; and their use in emerging applications as metamaterials, multiferroics, and biomedical technologies. In addition to the properties of ferrites, the included resources explore the processing, structure, and property relationships in ferrites as nanoparticles, thin and thick films, compacts, and crystals. The authors discuss how these relationships are key to realizing practical device applications laying the foundation for next generation communications, radar, sensing, and biomedical technologies. This volume includes: A comprehensive review of ferrite discoveries and impacts upon ancient cultures, their scientific evolution, and societal benefits; Discussion of the origins of magnetism in ferrimagnetic oxides including superexchange theory, GKA-rules, and recent developments in density functional theory; In-depth examination of ferrite power conversion and conditioning components and their processing as low temperature co-fired ceramics; Ferrite-based electromagnetic interference suppression and electromagnetic absorption; Nonlinear microwave devices; multiferroic and emerging magnetoelectric devices; Biomedical applications of ferrite nanoparticles Perfect for RF engineers and magnetitians working in the fields of RF electronics, radar, communications, and spintronics as well as other emerging technologies. Modern Ferrites will earn a place on the bookshelves of engineers and scientists interested in the ever-expanding technologies reliant upon ferrite materials and new processing methodologies. Modern Ferrites Volume 1: Basic Principles, Processing and Properties is also available (ISBN: 9781118971468).