Established in order to consider legal claims resulting from the significant historic events, Mass Claims Processes have become increasingly important phenomena in international dispute resolution. Processes covered in this book include the Iran-US Claims Tribunal, the UN Compensation Commission (relating to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait) and Mass Claims Processes relating to the Holocaust, the conflicts in Bosnia and Kosovo, and the war between Eritrea and Ethiopia. The book is structured around forty-seven basic topics that typically arise when creating an international Mass Claims Process, offering commentary on the ways in which the various Processes have dealt with each topic.
This book explains the legal rules applicable to cases of large scale claims, typically in "product liability" and "mass torts." The book builds on a recognition that there is a field of practice - and, increasingly, of legal study - which demands a working comprehension of the way in which a number of apparently diverse fields of practice interact in the modern courtroom. These practice areas include, but are not limited to, product liability, torts, corporation law, evidence, conflict of laws, class actions, and the law of remedies. Large scale claims have generated significant changes to both substantive and procedural rules as courts struggle to reconcile modern models of production and consumption with the requirements of justice in the enforcement of private and public obligations. It is this struggle which "The Law of Large-Scale Claims" addresses.
International claims commissions (ICCs) are unique dispute resolution mechanisms designed to be highly flexible and responsive to international crises. This pertinent Research Handbook explores the history of ICCs focusing on modern examples, how and why states create ICCs, institutional design and procedural issues of ICCs; and explores how they can be used to address contemporary challenges.
This insightful book considers phenomena such as mass torts, which affect numerous victims, and complex insolvency cases, which concern multiple and often competing interests. The editors identify and respond to the need for reflection on the notion of ?mass justice?. The assembled contributors show that while private law is usually debated in terms of individual rights and duties, the reality is that these are deeply influenced by collective issues. They address examples such as the operation of class actions; the availability of insurance funds; the logistics of negotiating with and compensating a wide range of individuals; as well as distribution of assets in insolvency proceedings. This unique and detailed book will appeal to academics and students of private law as well as those with an interest in law and society. Scholars from non-law disciplines with an interest in insurance and liability will also find this study thought-provoking, as will practitioners and policy-makers.
The legal position of visiting forces transcends domestic and international law and is of growing importance in our increasingly globalized and insecure world. 'In area' and 'out of area' operations, both for the purpose of establishing and maintaining peace and in connection with the conduct of other military operations and training, are likely to become more frequent for a variety of reasons. Finding where the applicable law places the balance between the interests, sensitivities and needs of the host state and the requirements, often practical in nature, of the visiting force is a key objective in ensuring that the relationship between hosts and 'guests' is and remains harmonious. All of this must be achieved in an increasingly complex legal environment. This fully updated second edition of The Handbook of the Law of Visiting Forces addresses the issues surrounding visiting forces and provides a full overview of the legal framework in which they operate. Through an analysis of jurisprudence and historical developments, it offers a comparative commentary to the UN, NATO, and other SOFA rules. The Handbook then continues its analysis through cases studies of visiting forces in key countries, including a fully updated chapter on Afghanistan that considers the various stages of the conflict, before offering conclusions on the current state of the law and its likely future development.
This title is designed for law of the sea and maritime law specialists. The coverage includes current affairs in martime law such as submarine cables, polar areas, environmental protection, sovereign immunity and sunken ships, and maritime law enforcement.
An assessment of the Tribunal's jurisprudence and its contribution to international arbitration. The Tribunal was set up as part of the resolution of the hostage crisis to settle property claims between the two states and their nationals arising from the Iranian revolution. The normal mechanisms for such situations were politically unacceptable to both parties, so an international tribunal was established controlled by independent arbitrators. The analysis focuses on two themes: how the tribunal has applied international law to the issues before it; and the extent to which it is recognized as an international arbitral body and its awards are enforced by municipal courts. Distributed in the US by St. Martin's Press. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Mechanisms for individuals to bring claims under international law have become increasingly common in recent decades, particularly in human rights and investment law. Nonetheless, when the International Law Commission codified the law of State responsibility, it largely ignored the bringing of international claims by individuals, and the relationship between such claims and those brought on the interstate level. Overlapping Individual and Interstate Claims in International Law is the first dedicated monograph examining this relationship - one that is of mounting importance on both a practical and theoretical level. This work provides a comprehensive survey of the potential for overlapping individual and interstate claims to arise. It underlines issues of fairness, consistency, and interference with autonomy that can result when multiple claimants vie to have their claims determined before different forums. The author analyses in detail how treaty provisions and various rules and principles of international law can be expected to regulate such overlapping claims, considering, among others, the local remedies rule, the rule precluding double recovery, res judicata, waiver, and certain circumstances precluding wrongfulness. The book clarifies the nature of international claims, including in the theoretically muddled field of diplomatic protection, and highlights undertheorized foundations of topical debates concerning the use of countermeasures and self-defence outside of the interstate arena. It concludes with a human rights-oriented proposal for resolving the complex policy issues to which these overlapping claims give rise.
