Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa

Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa

Author: Sandra F. Joireman

Publisher: Universal-Publishers

Published: 1997-07

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 1581120001

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Traditional theories of property rights change have posited an evolutionary progression of property rights towards private property in response to changes in the relative price ratio of land compared to the other factors of production. Using case studies from two areas of Ethiopia and one area of Eritrea the dissertation demonstrates the role of political factors such as interest group preference and state intervention in directing property rights development away from a linear path. The case studies trace the development of three separate systems of property rights throughout the twentieth century up to the Ethiopian revolution of 1974. Analysis of history and litigation in the three areas demonstrates that in none did property rights evolve spontaneously towards privatization. In one area of the study relative price changes did not lead to changes in the system of property rights as the theory predicts. In the other two areas, changes in property rights followed a change in the relative price of land, but these changes were brought about exogenously, by the intervention of the government or interest groups in guiding property rights in a particular direction. There are two theoretical conclusions to the study 1) property rights development does not always occur when we expect it to, other factors such as vested interests and government reluctance can intervene with their development and 2) even if property rights do change in response to relative price changes, they may not always move towards privatization or greater specification. In addition, one interesting empirical result of the research was that in communal systems of land tenure the transaction costs of land transfer are higher, leading to a drag on economic efficiency in the overall economy of the region. Generally, the incorporation of political factors into the model of changing property rights leads to a less parsimonious, but more accurate description of the progression of land rights in developing countries in particular.


The Political Economy of Land and Agrarian Development in Ethiopia

The Political Economy of Land and Agrarian Development in Ethiopia

Author: Ketebo Abdiyo Ensene

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-09-05

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 1351851349

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Located in central Ethiopia, the Arssi region is one of the most productive in Ethiopia yet it has so far been neglected by scholars. This book scrutinizes the rural development of Arssi by focusing on the Swedish supported experimental venture known as the Chilalo Agricultural Development Unit (CADU) and later as the Arssi Rural Development Unit (ARDU). Ketebo Abdiyo Ensene investigates how effectively this strategy empowered the peasantry to change their farming techniques and produce beyond subsistence level. He also examines the accumulation of alienated land by the northern Ethiopian nobility through land grants, fake purchases, and other futile means of land grabs and the impact that this had on the native population. Finally, the book reassess the importance of the rural land reform of 1975 that followed the collapses of the imperial regime and argues that this was the most significant event in the history of agricultural development in Ethiopia. The assessment of the book in fact goes into the post-1991 period in relation with agrarian development. The Political Economy of Land and Agrarian Development in Ethiopia will be of interest to scholars of Ethiopia, African Studies, economic history, political economy, development and agriculture.


Agrarian Reform in Ethiopia

Agrarian Reform in Ethiopia

Author: Dessalegn Rahmato

Publisher: Nordic Africa Institute

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 110

ISBN-13: 9789171062260

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Field study of post-revolutionary agrarian reform and social change in rural area Ethiopia - looks at the agrarian structure and social classes prior to 1975; comments on land reform legislation adopted up to 1982, land nationalization and land allotment, impact on use of agricultural technology, agricultural price, agricultural taxation, and emerging trends in agricultural development: discusses role, structure and leadership of farmers associations, etc. Bibliography and statistical tables.


Beyond Survival

Beyond Survival

Author: Tesfa G. Gebremedhin

Publisher: Red Sea Press(NJ)

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13:

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In this important book on the present situation and prospects of agriculture in post-independent Eritrea, Tesla Gebremedhin emphasizes the crucial role of this sector in the overall social and economic growth and development of the country. This is a timely book that addresses issues of economic recovery, widespread poverty, deep-rooted underdevelopment, women's rights, and progressive environmental degradation in the newly independent African nation. A comprehensive review of the characteristics of the technical and institutional constraints and economic potentials of agriculture for development is presented in detail. Appropriate strategy and practical policy options for achieving and maintaining sustainable agriculture and rural development are thoroughly discussed. The book also provides rigorous economic analysis and valuable insights into development dynamics of an agrarian society which are relevant to any developing country. In addition, in-depth examination is made of the country's historical social institutions and economic structures, its traditional and conventional systems of land tenure and land-use policy, and the current perspective of local administration. Tesfa has made an important contribution to the understanding of the agricultural sector as it relates to the economic and political development of post-independent Eritrea. The book concludes with significant policy recommendations for consideration by decision-makers as well as development workers.


Agricultural Land Redistribution and Land Administration in Sub-Saharan Africa

Agricultural Land Redistribution and Land Administration in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author: Frank Byamugisha

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2014-05-02

Total Pages: 153

ISBN-13: 1464801886

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Agricultural Land Redistribution and Land Administration in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Studies of Recent Reforms focuses on “how” to undertake land reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa, but with relevant lessons for other developing countries. It provides details, with case studies, on how reforms were undertaken to address a pressing and controversial development challenge in Africa – land ownership inequality – and an intransigent development issue – inefficiency and corruption in land administration. An equally important contribution of the book is assessing reforms and highlighting valuable lessons for other countries contemplating reforms. The six case studies collectively cover two main areas of land governance: reforms in redistributing agricultural land and reforms in land administration. The first two case studies discuss reforms in redistributing agricultural land in Malawi and South Africa, part of the southern Africa region where land ownership inequalities rival those in Latin America. The remaining case studies, four in number, are focused on addressing corruption and inefficiency in land administration in a variety of contexts of governance including stable and post-conflict countries. The case studies cover: • Decentralizing land administration with demonstrations from Uganda, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Ghana; • Developing post-conflict land administration systems with examples from Liberia and Rwanda; • Re-engineering and computerizing land information systems with examples from Ghana and Uganda; and • Improving management of government land through land inventories with examples drawn from Ghana and Uganda. The common elements between sometimes disparate experiences provide lessons of relevance to African and other developing countries contemplating similar reforms. The rigorous analysis and yet down-to-earth lessons of experience are a reflection of the authors’ deep global experience underpinned by personal participation in the reforms covered by the book. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience including land specialists and practitioners, African policy makers, experts and managers in the international development community, and the academia.


Agrarian Reform, Structural Changes, and Rural Development in Ethiopia

Agrarian Reform, Structural Changes, and Rural Development in Ethiopia

Author: Alula Abate

Publisher:

Published: 1980

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13:

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ILO pub-wep pub. Working paper on agrarian reform, structural changes and rural development in Ethiopia - examines the socio-political conditions in the pre-revolution period, assesses changes in the agrarian structure after 1975 and the establishment of agricultural cooperatives, impacts on land distribution, agricultural production, agricultural employment and other economic conditions of the rural population, and analyses future development trends. References and statistical tables.