The Impact of Airports on U.S. Urban Employment Distribution
The Impact of Airports on U.S. Urban Employment Distribution

Author: Stephen Appold

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This paper assesses the influence of airports on the distribution of employment within 51 large U.S. metropolitan areas by placing that influence within the context of three important elements of urban spatial structure: centers, corridors, and clusters plus the “favored quarter.” Tract-level Census Transportation Planning Package data for 2000 are analyzed using spatial regression models for each metropolitan area. The resulting airport-anchored distance decay parameters for each metropolitan area are regressed on a series of factors which could explain variation among regions. Central cities have a varying, but generally strong, effect on the distribution of metropolitan employment, as do highways. Employment subcenters and favored quarters had less certain but generally theoretically consistent impacts. The impact of airports on the distribution of metropolitan employment was weaker and more variable among regions. The impact of airports on spatial structure was negatively correlated with that of central cities, suggesting a trade-off between central and airport cities.

The Network of US Airports and Its Effects on Employment
The Network of US Airports and Its Effects on Employment

Author: Nicholas Sheard

Publisher:

Published: 2020-12-17

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781921654213

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This paper estimates the effects of airport infrastructure on employment and the distributionof the labor force in US metropolitan areas. The analysis is based on models for the airnetwork and for its effects on employment, which are estimated using US data. Air trafficis found to have a positive effect on the population of the local area, with an elasticity of0.010, so airport improvements induce a reallocation of workers between regions. Air trafficis also found to have a positive effect on employment in the local area with an elasticity of0.036 and a weakly positive effect on the employment rate in other places within 400 miles.Simulations suggest that for each job created in the local area by an airport expansion, twoand a half jobs are created elsewhere in the US due to the changes in the air network andthe distribution of employment. Expanding the average airport adds one job in the US forroughly each $78,000 invested. The results further suggest that the US air network is lesscentralized than would be optimal.

Airports, Cities and Regions
Airports, Cities and Regions

Author: Sven Conventz

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-08-27

Total Pages: 307

ISBN-13: 113512728X

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Since the emergence of urban systems, cities have developed in a mutually inter-dependent process of socio-economic dynamics and transportation linkages. In recent years, Airports worldwide have stepped beyond the stage of being pure infrastructure facilities while the complex dynamics that are taking place at and around international airports represent a crucial element in the post-industrial reorganisation of urban and regional systems. Airports are increasingly recognized as general urban activity centres; that is, key assets for cities and regions as economic generators and catalysts of investment in addition to being critical components of efficient city infrastructure. This book brings together contributions from renowned academic scholars and world leading practitioners to discuss insights gained from theory and practice. The first collection of papers reflects upon the general role and future of airports as well as their specific contribution to competitive advantages within a fast changing business and economic landscape. The second group of contributions ask about the role airports play within the innovation process that is inherently centred on generating and sharing knowledge. The third section of papers investigates the drivers of real estate developments on airport land and in the close vicinity of airports.

Employment in Large U.S. Metropolitan Airport Areas
Employment in Large U.S. Metropolitan Airport Areas

Author: Stephen Appold

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Airport area planning founders on the lack of a basis for realistic projections of future employment. Using a commercial establishment database including detailed data on location, activities (sector), establishment type, and employment for the 62 airports with scheduled passenger service in the 51 metropolitan areas with resident populations of one million or more in 2010, this paper makes inroads towards addressing those needs. The results confirm earlier findings that airport areas contain significant employment but also finds that favorable land price, rather than airport access, is the likely salient location factor for all but direct transportation-providing activities and accommodations. These results will help guide planners in developing airport areas and in forming informed expectations of the impact of airport cities on regional economies.

Developing Airport Systems in Asian Cities
Developing Airport Systems in Asian Cities

Author: Asian Development Bank

Publisher: Asian Development Bank

Published: 2022-12-01

Total Pages: 198

ISBN-13: 929269913X

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Asia’s emerging and growing megacities are expected to handle a large volume of air traffic flows for regional, national, and local economic development in wider production networks. In some phases of development, major capital investments to improve airport capacity and accessibility within megacities are required. This report reviews urban policies on airport development and investment in airport infrastructure in Asian megacities, analyzes the influence of airport system development on spatial transformation of megacities, and offers policy options to promote economic competitiveness of growing and emerging megacities.

Airport Size and Urban Growth
Airport Size and Urban Growth

Author: Nicholas Sheard

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This paper studies how airports affect economic growth in US metropolitan areas. The main finding is that airport size has a positive effect on local employment, with an elasticity of 0.04. The effect appears to be mostly due to a positive effect on services employment and to be concentrated in parts of the metropolitan area nearer the airport. To further understand how an airport affects the local economy, the effects on several other variables are estimated. Airport size is found to have positive effects on the number of firms, the population size, the rate of employment, and GDP in the local area. The magnitudes of the effects on population and employment suggest that airport expansion creates jobs for both existing residents and migrants to the area. The estimation uses a novel technique to identify the effects of airport infrastructure. It applies instruments for changes in airport size that are calculated from overall changes in air traffic in a set of categories: the airlines, the types of aircraft, or the distances flown. The technique could be adapted to study the effects of other types of infrastructure.

The Extent and Reasons for U.S. Airport City Development
The Extent and Reasons for U.S. Airport City Development

Author: Stephen Appold

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Airport cities - concentrations of employment - may have emerged near the major airports of large metropolitan areas. As the U.S. economy is nearly three times as air-intensive as it was in the 1950s, the “aerotropolis” thesis holds that airport cities are a direct consequence of increased air-intensity. The “urban land” thesis holds that airport cities are artifacts of land use changes brought about by metropolitan growth and employment suburbanization. Analysis using Census small area employment data for the 51 largest U.S. metropolitan regions found airport city employment to be one-third to one-half as large as that in CBDs, depending upon the spatial operationalization used. The size of airport city employment was unrelated to metropolitan aviation-intensity but was negatively related to distance from the CBD. The sectors represented indicate that airport cities are comprised of transportation-providing employment, some transportation-supporting employment, but not the concentration of transportation-using employment central to the aerotropolis thesis.