The Globalization of the Bayh-Dole Act examines an overlooked metric associated with the impact of the Bayh-Dole Act, namely its effect on influencing university-based technology transfer policies in other countries. To substantiate this thesis, Bayh-Dole like university technology transfer policies in 20 other countries are reviewed. In an effort toward an assessment of these Bayh-Dole like policies, the monograph explores in each country higher education expenditures on research and development (R&D) before and after the Bayh-Dole like policies were adopted. The authors conclude that, in terms of this metric, in some countries the Bayh-Dole like policies have been more effective than in others.
The Globalization of the Bayh-Dole Act examines an overlooked metric associated with the impact of the Bayh-Dole Act, namely its effect on influencing university-based technology transfer policies in other countries. To substantiate this thesis, Bayh-Dole like university technology transfer policies in 20 other countries are reviewed. In an effort toward an assessment of these Bayh-Dole like policies, the monograph explores in each country higher education expenditures on research and development (R&D) before and after the Bayh-Dole like policies were adopted. The authors conclude that, in terms of this metric, in some countries the Bayh-Dole like policies have been more effective than in others.
Annotation Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) Research and Development (R & D) is spreading globally at an accelerating rate. As a result, the U.S. position in a number of MSE subfields is in a state of flux. To better understand this trend and its implications for the U.S. economy and national security, the Department of Defense asked the National Research Council to assess the status and impacts of the global spread of MSE R & D. This book presents a discussion of drivers affecting U.S. companies' decisions about the location of MSE R & D, an analysis of impacts on the U.S. economy and national security, and recommendations to ensure continued U.S. access to critical MSE R & D.
Universities have become essential players in the generation of knowledge and innovation. Through the commercialization of technology, they have developed the ability to influence regional economic growth. By examining different commercialization models this book analyses technology transfer at universities as part of a national and regional system. It provides insight as to why certain models work better than others, and reaffirms that technology transfer programs must be linked to their regional and commercial environments. Using a global perspective on technology commercialization, this book divides the discussion between developed and developing counties according to the level of university commercialization capability. Critical cases as well as country reports examine the policies and culture of university involvement in economic development, relationships between university and industry, and the commercialization of technology first developed at universities. In addition, each chapter provides examples from specific universities in each country from a regional, national, and international comparative perspective. This book includes articles by leading practitioners as well as researchers and will be highly relevant to all those with an interest in innovation studies, organizational studies, regional economics, higher education, public policy and business entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems have emerged as one of the most dynamic forces shaping the economic performance of individuals, companies and regions. This book brings together some of the leading scholarship and research identifying and analyzing the role of universities in entrepreneurial ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given on the role of innovation, startups, SMEs and technology transfer both in shaping the entrepreneurial ecosystem, as well as the resulting impact on firm performance and regional economic performance.
Scholars in the science and technology field have not collectively questioned, much less proposed, an agenda for policy makers. Now is an appropriate time for such an undertaking. First, there is a growing belief that the U.S. national research and development system, like that of many industrial nations, is changing due to global competitive pressures and advancements in information technology and electronic commerce. Second, industry's R&D relationship with the academic research community is changing not only because of the global competition but also because of alterations in the level of government support of fundamental research. As a result, policy makers will need to rethink their approaches to science and technology issues. This volume is a collection of essays by scholars about innovative policy in the knowledge-based economy. By knowledge-based economy we mean one for which economic growth is based on the creation, distribution, and use of technology. As such, innovation policy in such an economy must enhance the creation, distribution, and use of knowledge that leads to the creation, distribution, and use of technology. This volume considers elements of an innovation policy: innovation policy and academic research, innovation policy in electronic commerce, and innovation policy and globalization issues.
Globalisation, Policy and Comparative Research, which is the fifth volume in the 12-volume book series Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research, presents scholarly research on major discourses in comparative education research. It provides an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about the international concern in the field of globalisation, and comparative education. Above all, the book offers the latest findings to the critical issues concerning major discourses in comparative education in the global culture. It is a sourcebook of ideas for researchers, practitioners and policy makers in education, globalisation and equity and access in schooling around the world. It offers a timely overview of current issues affecting comparative education and education policy research in the global culture. It provides directions in education, and policy research, relevant to transformational educational reforms in the twenty-first century. The book critically examines the overall interplay between comparative e- cation discourses, globalisation, dominant ideologies and education. It draws upon recent studies in the areas of globalisation, equity, social justice and the role of the State (Zajda et al. , 2006; Zajda et al. , 2008a). It explores conceptual fra- works and methodological approaches applicable in the research covering the State, globalisation, equity and education. It demonstrates the neo-liberal id- logical imperatives of education and policy reforms, and illustrates the way the relationship between the State and education policy affects current models and trends in education reforms and schooling globally.
Associates of the Council for Human Development, Alexandria, Virginia, investigate why American companies hire foreign biomedical professionals though the US has a high reputation for excellent training, and the impact of the practice on employment prospects and conditions of native scientists. Their study focuses on scientists, particularly postdoctoral trainees, at the National Institutes of Health, in Bethesda, Maryland. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
A Triple Helix of university-industry-government interactions is the key to innovation in increasingly knowledge-based societies. As the creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge moves from the periphery to the center of industrial production and governance, the concept of innovation, in product and process, is itself being transformed. In its place is a new sense of 'innovation in innovation' - the restructuring and enhancement of the organizational arrangements and incentives that foster innovation. This triple helix intersection of relatively independent institutional spheres generates hybrid organizations such as technology transfer offices in universities, firms, and government research labs and business and financial support institutions such as angel networks and venture capital for new technology-based firms that are increasingly developing around the world. The Triple Helix describes this new innovation model and assists students, researchers, and policymakers in addressing such questions as: How do we enhance the role of universities in regional economic and social development? How can governments, at all levels, encourage citizens to take an active role in promoting innovation in innovation and, conversely, how can citizens so encourage their governments? How can firms collaborate with each other and with universities and government to become more innovative? What are the key elements and challenges to reaching these goals?
