Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype

Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype

Author: Pierre Savagner

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-07-05

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13: 0387286713

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Epithelial phenotype is a dynamic stage of differentiation that can be modulated during several physiological or pathological events. The rapid conversion to a mesenchymal-like phenotype is called an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype is the first book to comprehensively introduce the concept of EMT. The first part of this volume describes main examples and models and explains their physiological relevance. These examples include hydra morphogenesis, gastrulation in mouse, drosophila and sea urchin, as well as neural crest cell migration and heart morphogenesis in vertebrates. Part two reviews in detail, specific EMT molecular pathways covering extracellular induction, transduction and transcription response and modulation of cell-cell adhesion structures. It emphasizes new specific pathways with potential medical applications. EMTs can also be linked to pathological events such as wound healing and cancer progression, as detailed in this section of the book.


Tumor Metastasis

Tumor Metastasis

Author: Ke Xu

Publisher: Intechopen

Published: 2016-09-14

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 953512630X

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The key aim of the proposed chapter is to provide readers a brief description for the most important parts of the field of circulating tumor cells (CTCs): the core techniques, including negative and positive selection-based CTC isolation, and the differences between them. Most importantly, we will also review the clinical applications and important findings in clinical trials. The evidence-based review will not only help clinicians use CTCs to predict recurrence and foresee the disease-related outcomes but also to inspire the researchers in this field to conduct further investigations.


Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Cancer

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Cancer

Author: Itzhak D. Goldberg

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1995-11-29

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 9783764351175

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gar discusses recent studies of the SF gene promoter that may be relevant to understanding the detailed molecular mechanism(s) by which soluble factors regulate SF production. Polverini and Nickoloff discuss another mechanism by which SF may enhance tumor growth, ie., stimulation of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing microvessels. Angiogenesis is required for continued growth of most solid tumors, and provides a mechanism by which the stroma may continue to grow along with the tumor cells. Although endothelial cells are stromal cells, they express a number of epithelial characteristics including (i) epithelial-like tight junctions and junctional proteins; (ii) the ability to organize into flat­ tened tubular structures; (iii) the c-met receptor protein; and (iv) biologic responsiveness to SF. It is, perhaps, not surprising that vascular endothe­ lial cells may both produce and respond to SF in different situations. 'Epithelialness' may be defined in two ways: (i) expression of generic epithelial structures and proteins (eg., specialized junctions, junctional proteins [eg., cadherins, ZOl], cytokeratins); and (ii) production of specific differentiated products (eg., milk proteins by mammary epithelia, renin by renal tubular epithelia of the juxtaglomerular apparatus). Recent studies suggest that SF Ic-met signalling may mediate epithelia­ mesenchyme interconversion, in part by modifying some of the generic epithelial characteristics. Nusrat discusses the effects of SF on the epithelial junctional apparatus. Relatively little is known about whether and how SF regulates cell-specific differentiation.


Targeting Cell Survival Pathways to Enhance Response to Chemotherapy

Targeting Cell Survival Pathways to Enhance Response to Chemotherapy

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-03-28

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 0128137541

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Targeting Cell Survival Pathways to Enhance Response to Chemotherapy encompasses recently developed molecular targeting agents and approaches that suppress cell survival signaling. Cell survival signaling attenuates the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy and numerous mechanisms have been described, and continue to be described, which contribute to cell survival in the face of chemotherapy treatment. Key pathways leading to chemoresistance emanate from growth factor receptors, PI3K, STAT3, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, autophagy, and the DNA damage response pathway. New advances have underscored the potential of targeting each of these cell survival mechanisms to improve responsiveness to chemotherapy. This book reviews these recent advances and provides a foundational background and hints of new opportunities for basic, translational, and clinical investigators focused on improving therapeutic responses to chemotherapy. - Presents cutting-edge agents and approaches with proved success in different model systems that can be translated to a different type of cancer - Brings updated information to be used to propose new clinical trials investigating innovative strategies for improving responses to chemotherapy - Provides mechanistic details to help guide the design of laboratory studies associated with clinical trials


Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Cancer Metastasis

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Cancer Metastasis

Author: Mohit Kumar Jolly

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-12-29

Total Pages: 512

ISBN-13: 3039367242

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Recent studies have highlighted that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is not only about cell migration and invasion, but it can also govern many other important elements such as immunosuppression, metabolic reprogramming, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), stem cell properties, therapy resistance, and tumor microenvironment interactions. With the on-going debate about the requirement of EMT for cancer metastasis, an emerging focus on intermediate states of EMT and its reverse process mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) offer new ideas for metastatic requirements and the dynamics of EMT/MET during the entire metastatic cascade. Therefore, we would like to initiate discussions on viewing EMT and its downstream signaling networks as a fulcrum of cellular plasticity, and a facilitator of the adaptive responses of cancer cells to distant organ microenvironments and various therapeutic assaults. We hereby invite scientists who have prominently contributed to this field, and whose valuable insights have led to the appreciation of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity as a more comprehensive mediator of the adaptive response of cancer cells, with huge implications in metastasis, drug resistance, tumor relapse, and patient survival.


Epigenetics and Metabolomics

Epigenetics and Metabolomics

Author: Paban K. Agrawala

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2021-08-25

Total Pages: 478

ISBN-13: 0323856535

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Epigenetics and Metabolomics, a new volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, offers a synthesized discussion of epigenetic control of metabolic activity, and systems-based approaches for better understanding these mechanisms. Over a dozen chapter authors provide an overview of epigenetics in translational medicine and metabolomics techniques, followed by analyses of epigenetic and metabolomic linkage mechanisms likely to result in effective identification of disease biomarkers, as well as new therapies targeting the removal of the inappropriate epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic interventions in cancer, brain damage, and neuroendocrine disease, among other disorders, are discussed in-depth, with an emphasis on exploring next steps for clinical translation and personalized healthcare. - Offers a synthesized discussion of epigenetic regulation of metabolic activity and systems-based approaches to power new research - Discusses epigenetic control of metabolic pathways and possible therapeutic targets for cancer, neurodegenerative, and neuroendocrine diseases, among others - Provides guidance in epigenomics and metabolomic research methodology


Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer

Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer

Author: Heide Schatten

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-09-18

Total Pages: 135

ISBN-13: 3319956930

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This volume covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology of prostate cancer, as well as novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation and genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis and progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer is one of two companion books comprehensively addressing the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, the companion volume, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches including analysis of needle biopsies, applications of nanoparticle probes and peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.