The Enterprise Valuation Theory and Practice

The Enterprise Valuation Theory and Practice

Author: Alina Ignatiuk

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2009-07

Total Pages: 29

ISBN-13: 3640362349

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Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A, St. Mary's University San Antonio, Texas, language: English, abstract: In a market-driven economy investors are looking for the most profitable placement of their capital. This leads to a redistribution of the recourses on economy-wide scale from industries and companies which use investor's capital inefficiently and destroy wealth to industries and companies which use investor's capital efficiently and create wealth. For corporate managers, wealth creation is fundamental to the economic survival of the firm. As suggested by Rapport (2006, pp.67-68) managers that fail (or refuse) to see the importance of this imperative in an open economy do so at the peril of the organization and their own careers. There are several analytical tools which can help to make wise decisions in this field. They range from traditional Dividend Discount model and Free Cash Flow (FCF) model to not so long ago created Economic Value Added (EVA) model of enterprise valuation. At the same time in line with theoretical models for valuing companies there is a market value for companies derived from market supply and demand for their stocks. In general, if we again refer to "one value principle" described in Grant (2003, p.106), both theoretical and market approaches have to lead to the same results. But in reality there is always some discrepancy in those two values which is a result of the influence of the number of factors. Identification and analysis of those factors is of key importance for investors to discover the most profitable investments and for the economy to ensure the most efficient use of capital. The discrepancy between theoretical and market value of the company, however, should not last forever. If it happens then capital market will be sending wrong signals to the investors about on the one hand industries with high potential which use capital productively


Business Valuation

Business Valuation

Author: Marco Fazzini

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-06-06

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 3319894943

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This book provides an applied theoretical approach to modern day business valuation. It combines elements from both finance and accounting to help practitioners identify the most suitable method for analysis, showing when and how methods can be applied in different contexts and under specific constraints. It describes how business valuation techniques can be applied to calculate value in case of transactions, litigation, IPOs, and the fair value under an IFRS framework. The purpose of this book is to offer a guideline for the application of an integrated approach, thereby avoiding "copy and paste" valuations, based on pre-packaged parameters and the uncritical use of models. Specifically, an Integrated Valuation Approach (IVA) should be adopted that encompasses, within any specific method, a wide range of elements reflecting the characteristics and specificities of the firm to be valued. The book is based on the International Valuation Standards issued by the International Valuation Standards Council. Valuation standards allow for an alignment of both the methods and their application, providing a common basis for valuers.


Business Valuation

Business Valuation

Author: Z. Christopher Mercer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2007-09-24

Total Pages: 291

ISBN-13: 0470178663

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Praise for Business Valuation: An Integrated Theory, 2nd Edition "The Second Edition of Business Valuation: An Integrated Theory manages to present the theoretical analysis of valuation from the first edition and expand on that discussion by providing additional guidance on implementing the relevant valuation theories, notably in its expanded discussion of the Quantitative Marketability Discount Model." —Dr. David Tabak, NERA Economic Consulting Your Essential Valuations Reference Whether you are an accountant, auditor, financial planner, or attorney, Business Valuation: An Integrated Theory, 2nd Edition enables you to understand and correctly apply fundamental valuation concepts. Thoroughly revised and expanded, the Second Edition demystifies modern valuation theory, bringing together various valuation concepts to reveal a comprehensive picture of business valuation. With the implementation of new accounting pronouncements mandating the recognition of numerous assets and liabilities at fair value, it has become critical for CPAs charged with auditing financial statements to understand valuation concepts. With thoughtful and balanced treatment of both theory and application, this essential guide reveals: The "GRAPES of Value"-Growth, Risk and Reward, Alternative Investments, Present Value, Expectations, and Sanity The relationship between the Gordon Model and the discounted cash flow model of valuation The basis for commonly applied, but commonly misunderstood valuation premiums and discounts A practical perspective on the analysis of potential business acquisitions Grounded in the real world of market participants, Business Valuation, 2nd Edition addresses your need to understand business valuation, providing a means of articulating valuation concepts to help you negotiate value-enhancing transactions. If you want to get back to valuation basics, this useful reference will become your guide to defining the various levels of value and developing a better understanding of business appraisal reports.


Business Valuation

Business Valuation

Author: Z. Christopher Mercer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2020-10-20

Total Pages: 519

ISBN-13: 1119583098

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A guide that demystifies modern valuation theory and shows how to apply fundamental valuation concepts The revised and updated third edition of Business Valuation: An Integrated Theory explores the core concepts of the integrated theory of business valuation and adapts the theory to reflect how the market for private business actually works. In this third edition of their book, the authors—two experts on the topic of business valuation—help readers translate valuation theory into everyday valuation practice. This important updated book: Includes an extended review of the core concepts of the integrated theory of business valuation and applies the theory on a total capital basis Explains “typical” valuation discounts (marketability and minority interest) and premiums (control premiums) in the context of financial theory, institutional reality and the behavior of market participants Explores evolving valuation perspectives in the context of the integrated theory Written by two experts on valuation theory from Mercer Capital The third edition of Business Valuation is the only book available regarding an integrated theory of business valuation—offering an essential, unprecedented resource for business professionals.


Real Estate Valuation Theory

Real Estate Valuation Theory

Author: Manya M. Mooya

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-03-17

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 3662491648

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This monograph critically reviews and updates real estate valuation theory, which is based on neoclassical economics, in light of developments in heterodox economic theory. Building on a comprehensive historical account of the evolution of value theory, the book uses new institutional economics theory and critical realism as lenses through which problems in standard valuation theory and practice are expatiated, and as the foundation for an alternative theory. The new theory is employed to explain major problems in real estate valuation that are beyond the capability of the standard theory, such as price bubbles in real estate markets, anchoring bias, client influence and valuation under uncertain market conditions.


Investment Valuation and Appraisal

Investment Valuation and Appraisal

Author: Kay Poggensee

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-15

Total Pages: 342

ISBN-13: 3030624404

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This textbook introduces readers to the most relevant aspects of Investment Evaluation in the context of enterprise evaluation. It utilises a clear didactic concept and concisely presents representative cases, supported by calculations and their step-by-step, Excel-based solutions. In addition, the book analyses the respective benefits of the calculation models discussed from a management standpoint.


Valuation Approaches and Metrics

Valuation Approaches and Metrics

Author: Aswath Damodaran

Publisher: Now Publishers Inc

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13: 1601980140

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Valuation lies at the heart of much of what we do in finance, whether it is the study of market efficiency and questions about corporate governance or the comparison of different investment decision rules in capital budgeting. In this paper, we consider the theory and evidence on valuation approaches. We begin by surveying the literature on discounted cash flow valuation models, ranging from the first mentions of the dividend discount model to value stocks to the use of excess return models in more recent years. In the second part of the paper, we examine relative valuation models and, in particular, the use of multiples and comparables in valuation and evaluate whether relative valuation models yield more or less precise estimates of value than discounted cash flow models. In the final part of the paper, we set the stage for further research in valuation by noting the estimation challenges we face as companies globalize and become exposed to risk in multiple countries.


Discounted Cash Flow

Discounted Cash Flow

Author: Lutz Kruschwitz

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2006-02-03

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13: 0470870451

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Firm valuation is currently a very exciting topic. It is interesting for those economists engaged in either practice or theory, particularly for those in finance. The literature on firm valuation recommends logical, quantitative methods, which deal with establishing today's value of future free cash flows. In this respect firm valuation is identical with the calculation of the discounted cash flow, DCF. There are, however, different coexistent versions, which seem to compete against each other. Entity approach and equity approach are thus differentiated. Acronyms are often used, such as APV (adjusted present value) or WACC (weighted average cost of capital), whereby these two concepts are classified under entity approach. Why are there several procedures and not just one? Do they all lead to the same result? If not, where do the economic differences lie? If so, for what purpose are different methods needed? And further: do the known procedures suffice? Or are there situations where none of the concepts developed up to now delivers the correct value of the firm? If so, how is the appropriate valuation formula to be found? These questions are not just interesting for theoreticians; even the practitioner who is confronted with the task of marketing his or her results has to deal with it. The authors systematically clarify the way in which these different variations of the DCF concept are related throughout the book ENDORSEMENTS FOR LÖFFLER: DISCOUNTED 0-470-87044-3 "Compared with the huge number of books on pragmatic approaches to discounted cash flow valuation, there are remarkably few that lay out the theoretical underpinnings of this technique. Kruschwitz and Löffler bring together the theory in this area in a consistent and rigorous way that should be useful for all serious students of the topic." --Ian Cooper, London Business School "This treatise on the market valuation of corporate cash flows offers the first reconciliation of conventional cost-of-capital valuation models from the corporate finance literature with state-pricing (or 'risk-neutral' pricing) models subsequently developed on the basis of multi-period no-arbitrage theories. Using an entertaining style, Kruschwitz and Löffler develop a precise and theoretically consistent definition of 'cost of capital', and provoke readers to drop vague or contradictory alternatives." --Darrell Duffie, Stanford University "Handling firm and personal income taxes properly in valuation involves complex considerations. This book offers a new, precise, clear and concise theoretical path that is pleasant to read. Now it is the practitioners task to translate this approach into real-world applications!" --Wolfgang Wagner, PricewaterhouseCoopers "It is an interesting book, which has some new results and it fills a gap in the literature between the usual undergraduate material and the very abstract PhD material in such books as that of Duffie (Dynamic Asset Pricing Theory). The style is very engaging, which is rare in books pitched at this level." --Martin Lally, University of Wellington