The Enlightenment and Original Sin
The Enlightenment and Original Sin

Author: Matthew Kadane

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2024-05-22

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 0226832880

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An eloquent microhistory that argues for the centrality of the doctrine of original sin to the Enlightenment. What was the Enlightenment? This question has been endlessly debated. In The Enlightenment and Original Sin, historian Matthew Kadane advances the bold claim that the Enlightenment is best defined through what it set out to accomplish, which was nothing short of rethinking the meaning of human nature. Kadane argues that this project centered around the doctrine of original sin and, ultimately, its rejection, signaling the radical notion that an inherently flawed nature can be overcome by human means. Kadane explores this and other wide-ranging themes through the story of a previously unknown figure, Pentecost Barker, an eighteenth-century purser and wine merchant. By examining Barker’s personal diary and extensive correspondence with a Unitarian minister, Kadane tracks the transformation of Barker’s consciousness from a Puritan to an Enlightenment outlook, revealing through one man’s journey the large-scale shifts in self-understanding whose philosophical reverberations have shaped debates on human nature for centuries.

Original Sin
Original Sin

Author: Alan Jacobs

Publisher: Harper Collins

Published: 2008-04-29

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 0060783400

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Jacobs takes readers on a controversial cultural history of the idea of original sin, its origins, history, proponents, and opponents.

The Secular Enlightenment
The Secular Enlightenment

Author: Margaret Jacob

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2021-04-20

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 0691216762

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Provides a panoramic account of the radical ways that life began to change for ordinary people in the age of Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau. In this book, familiar Enlightenment figures share places with voices that have remained largely unheard until now, from freethinkers and freemasons to French materialists, anticlerical Catholics, pantheists, pornographers, readers, and travelers. Jacob reveals how this newly secular outlook was not a wholesale rejection of Christianity but rather a new mental space in which to encounter the world on its own terms. She takes readers from London and Amsterdam to Berlin, Vienna, Turin, and Naples, drawing on rare archival materials to show how ideas central to the emergence of secular democracy touched all facets of daily life. Jacob demonstrates how secular values and pursuits took hold of eighteenth-century Europe, spilled into the American colonies, and left their lasting imprint on the Western world for generations to come. --Adapted from publisher description.

Born Bad
Born Bad

Author: James Boyce

Publisher: SPCK

Published: 2016-04-21

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 0281076030

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According to the doctrine of original sin, all humans are born bad and only God’s grace can bring salvation. James Boyce shows how these ideas have shaped the Western view of human nature, and how the belief that we are all innately sinful retains a firm grip on Western consciousness and culture – even in the writings of avowed atheists such as Marx and Freud. Born Bad traces a fascinating journey from Adam and Eve all the way to Adam Smith and Richard Dawkins in this sweeping story of a controversial idea and its remarkable influence.

On the Spirit of Rights
On the Spirit of Rights

Author: Dan Edelstein

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2021-06

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 022679430X

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By the end of the eighteenth century, politicians in America and France were invoking the natural rights of man to wrest sovereignty away from kings and lay down universal basic entitlements. Exactly how and when did “rights” come to justify such measures? In On the Spirit of Rights, Dan Edelstein answers this question by examining the complex genealogy of the rights that regimes enshrined in the American and French Revolutions. With a lively attention to detail, he surveys a sprawling series of debates among rulers, jurists, philosophers, political reformers, writers, and others who were all engaged in laying the groundwork for our contemporary systems of constitutional governance. Every seemingly new claim about rights turns out to be a variation on a theme, as late medieval notions were subtly repeated and refined to yield the talk of “rights” we recognize today. From the Wars of Religion to the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen to the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, On the Spirit of Rights is a sweeping tour through centuries of European intellectual history and an essential guide to our ways of thinking about human rights today.

Original Sin
Original Sin

Author: Tatha Wiley

Publisher: Paulist Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 9780809141289

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Explores the origins, development and interpretations¿past and present¿of this conflicting yet fundamental Christian doctrine .

The American Enlightenment, 1750-1820
The American Enlightenment, 1750-1820

Author: Robert A. Ferguson

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 9780674023222

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This concise literary history of the American Enlightenment captures the varied and conflicting voices of religious and political conviction in the decades when the new nation was formed. Robert Ferguson's trenchant interpretation yields new understanding of this pivotal period for American culture.

Dignity
Dignity

Author: Remy Debes

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017-06-01

Total Pages: 437

ISBN-13: 0190677546

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In everything from philosophical ethics to legal argument to public activism, it has become commonplace to appeal to the idea of human dignity. In such contexts, the concept of dignity typically signifies something like the fundamental moral status belonging to all humans. Remarkably, however, it is only in the last century that this meaning of the term has become standardized. Before this, dignity was instead a concept associated with social status. Unfortunately, this transformation remains something of a mystery in existing scholarship. Exactly when and why did "dignity" change its meaning? And before this change, was it truly the case that we lacked a conception of human worth akin to the one that "dignity" now represents? In this volume, leading scholars across a range of disciplines attempt to answer such questions by clarifying the presently murky history of "dignity," from classical Greek thought through the Middle Ages and Enlightenment to the present day.

The Dark Side of Christian History
The Dark Side of Christian History

Author: Helen Ellerbe

Publisher:

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 9780964487345

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By denying evil we do harm. By denying darkness we obscure the light. Over a period of almost two millennia, the Christian Church has oppressed and brutalized millions of individuals in an attempt to control and contain spirituality. The Dark Side of Christian History reveals in painstaking detail the tragedies, sorrows and injustices inflicted upon humanity by the Church. This expose is a compelling and passionate cry for human dignity and spiritual freedom. Book jacket.