Frequency of Condom Use in a Sample of African American College Women and Its Relationship to HIV/AIDS-Related Attitudes
Frequency of Condom Use in a Sample of African American College Women and Its Relationship to HIV/AIDS-Related Attitudes

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Published: 2004

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This study examined the relationships between HIV/AIDS knowledge, perceived risk and stigmatization, self-efficacy for using condoms, religiosity, and frequency of condom use in a sample of 154 African American college women. Four research questions were proposed: Do participants who engage in greater stigmatizing of PLWHA (people living with HIV/AIDS) participate in less condom usage; is greater HIV/AIDS knowledge positively related to frequency of condom use; does condom self-efficacy act as a mediator between stigmatizing of PLWHA and frequency of condom use; and, does perceived risk for HIV/AIDS act as a mediator between HIV/AIDS knowledge and frequency of condom use. The results showed that none of the three stigma dimensions reported significant correlations with frequency of condom use. Overall, no significant correlations were found between frequency of condom use and any of the other variables (i.e., HIV/AIDS knowledge, and perceived risk), except for condom self-efficacy. A positive correlation was found between condom self-efficacy and frequency of condom use among casual partners (.706, p

Addressing Sexual Health Among Black College Women
Addressing Sexual Health Among Black College Women

Author: Cedrina K. Averette

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Published: 2016

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The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to affect the lives of many, with African American women being uniquely at risk when compared to women from other racial groups. Black/African American women have a higher proportion of cases at all stages of the virus (CDC, 2016a). The primary form of HIV contraction among this group is by way of heterosexual contact with an at-risk sexual partner. However, Black women may not be fully aware of the potential risks inherit in their sexual relationships. The epidemic calls for approaches, resolutions, and interventions to stop the spread and increase of diagnoses among African American heterosexual women. The primary purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a group-based HIV-prevention intervention for young African American college women (ages 18 to 29). Using the theoretical foundations of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and the Theory of Gender and Power (TGP), the intervention educated participants about HIV-related information and transmission, taught communication skills related to assertive expression of safer sex practices, and addressed the unique intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual factors that impact Black college women. The intervention was culturally specific, gender appropriate, educational, and engaging. In the pilot study, participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental intervention condition or a no-attention control condition. Data on primary and secondary variables were collected at baseline and two months post-intervention to test the main hypothesis that the pilot study was feasible and acceptable among the target population. It was expected that the study would demonstrate that the intervention could be successfully carried out and be undertaken on a larger scale in the future. It was also hypothesized that a pilot version of a sex-risk reduction intervention that is gender-appropriate, culturally-relevant and skill-building would show a trend of increased consistent condom use, condom use self-efficacy, sexual communication, sexual relationship power, condom use intentions, and HIV knowledge (secondary measures) compared to the no-attention control group condition. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Measures of mean and variance including standard deviations (SD) and ranges were used to describe the full range of data at baseline and at follow-up across two conditions and at two time points. The outcome data for this study were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS/Mac version 23.0 for IBM PC/MAC and PS/2, SPSS, Inc., Armonk, NY, 2015). Qualitative data in the form of participant and facilitator feedback were used to analyze intervention feasibility and acceptability. The findings of this pilot study suggest that the delivery of a theoretically-based and culturally-relevant intervention is feasible within a university college setting and that the content of the intervention was accessible to participants. Additionally, there was an overall trend in increased condom use rate regardless of condition placement. In addition, intervention participants reported increased condom use self-efficacy, intention to practice safer sex, relationship control, decision-making dominance and HIV knowledge at follow-up.

Factors Related to Condom Use Among Sexually Active African American Females Using Health Belief Model Constructs and Potential Cues to Action with a Mass Communication/interpersonal Communication Approach
Factors Related to Condom Use Among Sexually Active African American Females Using Health Belief Model Constructs and Potential Cues to Action with a Mass Communication/interpersonal Communication Approach

Author: Shiree Monika Southerland

Publisher:

Published: 2003

Total Pages:

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The primary purpose of this study was to assess the factors that relate to male condom utilization among sexually active African American college women at The University of Tennessee. College women between the ages of 18 to 24 are the most susceptible to contracting a sexually transmitted disease (STD) as they do not perceive themselves to beat risk. It is estimated that each year 12 million new cases of STDs occur and two thirds of those infected are under the age of 25 (Hale & Trumbetta, 1996). Women are among the fastest growing groups being infected with HIV. In 1997, 22% of all reported new cases of AIDS were women and of those 60% were African American. African American women of all ages were approximately 16 times more likely to be diagnosed with HIV than their White counterparts (Wingood & DiClemente, 1998). This study consisted of a convenience sample of 196 African American undergraduate females between the ages of 18 to 24. Participants were recruited through various student organizations affiliated with the Black Cultural Center. The Health Belief Model (HBM) Constructs perceived susceptibility, partner, perceived barriers, turnoffs, hassles, execution relationship concerns, self-efficacy, and cues to action were found to be positively correlated with condom use. There was no correlation between HIV/AIDS level of knowledge, perceived benefits, and perceived susceptibility, self and condom use. A stepwise regression was performed in order to ascertain whether or not the HBM constructs would predict the utilization of male condoms among African American college students. The results indicated that 22% of the variance in condom use could be attributed to the HBM constructs. The strongest predictor of condom use was self-efficacy (beta=.257) and perceived barriers, turnoffs (beta=.232).

Relationships Among Acculturation, Self-positivity Bias, Stigma, and Condom Use in a Sample of Urban College Students
Relationships Among Acculturation, Self-positivity Bias, Stigma, and Condom Use in a Sample of Urban College Students

Author: Molly Radcliffe Neff

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 122

ISBN-13:

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Despite an increase in interventions targeted at lowering the rate of HIV/AIDS among college students, the rate of HIV/AIDS infections has not decreased. The purpose of this study was to identify factors (i.e., HIV-sexual knowledge, self-positivity bias, peer norms, acculturation, perceived risk of HIV, HIV-related stigma, and condom use) that may affect condom use among college students who live in an area where the prevalence of HIV is relatively high. The current study utilized a sexually active sample (N=397) of diverse college students (predominantly African American and White) in an urban setting to examine the relationships. Path analysis was used to explore hypotheses. Results indicated that students who endorsed higher levels of self-positivity bias were more likely than other students to report not using condoms the last time they had sex and to perceive themselves at less risk of HIV/AIDS infection. In addition, students who reported unsupportive peer norms regarding safe sex practices perceived themselves at a higher risk of HIV/AIDS. With respect to gender differences, females reported more stigma towards individuals with HIV/AIDS than males, and males reported more perceived risk of HIV/AIDS than females. Lastly, African American college students perceived themselves to be at greater risk of contracting HIV/AIDS than other students and minority students endorsed greater stigma towards individuals with HIV/AIDS than White students. Results emphasize the need for college HIV/AIDS interventions to target peer norms and personal bias as well as cultural and gender differences that might impact condom use.