Low Temperature Biology of Insects
Low Temperature Biology of Insects

Author: David L. Denlinger

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-01-28

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1139485474

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Low temperature is a major environmental constraint impacting the geographic distribution and seasonal activity patterns of insects. Written for academic researchers in environmental physiology and entomology, this book explores the physiological and molecular mechanisms that enable insects to cope with a cold environment and places these findings into an evolutionary and ecological context. An introductory chapter provides a primer on insect cold tolerance and subsequent chapters in the first section discuss the organismal, cellular and molecular responses that allow insects to survive in the cold despite their, at best, limited ability to regulate their own body temperature. The second section, highlighting the evolutionary and macrophysiological responses to low temperature, is especially relevant for understanding the impact of global climate change on insect systems. A final section translates the knowledge gained from the rest of the book into practical applications including cryopreservation and the augmentation of pest management strategies.

Insects at Low Temperature
Insects at Low Temperature

Author: Richard Lee

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 516

ISBN-13: 147570190X

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The study of insects at low temperature is a comparatively new field. Only recently has insect cryobiology begun to mature, as research moves from a descriptive approach to a search for underlying mechanisms at diverse levels of organization ranging from the gene and cell to ecological and evolutionary relationships. Knowledge of insect responses to low temperature is crucial for understanding the biology of insects living in seasonally varying habitats as well as in polar regions. It is not possible to precisely define low temperature. In the tropics exposure to 10-15°C may induce chill coma or death, whereas some insects in temperate and polar regions remain active and indeed even able to fly at O°C or below. In contrast, for persons interested in cryopreservation, low temperature may mean storage in liquid nitrogen at - 196°C. In the last decade, interest in adaptations of invertebrates to low temperature has risen steadily. In part, this book had its origins in a symposium on this subject that was held at the annual meeting of the Entomological Society of America in Louisville, Kentucky, USA in December, 1988. However, the emergence and growth of this area has also been strongly influenced by an informal group of investigators who met in a series of symposia held in Oslo, Norway in 1982, in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada in 1985 and in Cambridge, England in 1988. Another is scheduled for Binghamton, New York, USA (1990).

Preservation of Cells
Preservation of Cells

Author: Allison Hubel

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2018-02-13

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 1118989848

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Helps those that use cell preservation to develop new protocols or improve existing protocols This book provides readers with the tools needed to develop or debug a preservation protocol for cells. The core structure and content of the text grew from a professional short course that has been offered at the Biopreservation Core Resource for the last 10 years. This comprehensive text describes, step by step, the individual elements of a protocol, including the relevant scientific principles for each phase of the protocol. It can be used by anyone who is involved in cell preservation—even by those who are not experts in freezing of cells—because it provides the scientific basis for those that want to understand the basis for the protocol. Preservation of Cells: A Practical Manual begins by first introducing readers to the subject of preserving cells. It then goes on to cover Pre-freeze Processing and Characterization; Formulation and Introduction of Cryopreservation Solutions; Freezing Protocols; Storage and Shipping of Frozen Cells; Thawing and Post Thaw Processing; Post-thaw Assessment; and Algorithm-driven Protocol Optimization. Clearly explains the reasons behind every step in the development of a preservation protocol and the scientific principles behind them Provides alternative modes of preservation for when conventional methods of cryopreservation are not appropriate for a given cell type or application Enables more organization to achieve improved post thaw recoveries and process consistency Preservation of Cells: A Practical Manual is an important book for researchers, laboratory technicians and students in cell biology, stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. It is also useful to cell bankers, regenerative medicine, biomarker discovery or precision medicine companies, and cell therapy labs, blood bankers, biobankers, and biotechnology companies.

Temperature Regulation
Temperature Regulation

Author: Stewart Richards

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-12-17

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1489927891

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MANY aspects of physiology are best understood in terms of bodily reactions to environmental stress, and temperature is one of the most often encountered stress factors in the environment. The responses to temperature can involve practically all of the organ systems of the body and it is for this reason that the study of the regulation of body temperatures represents one of the finest examples of complex reaction integrated by the nervous and endocrine systems, and hence of the principles of biological control. Thus, while thermoregulation offers an abundance of opportunities for the individual who likes to specialize in depth, it is an ideal type of physiology for those who prefer to think of the functioning of the body as whole. This book is written primarily for the undergraduate, but I hope also that some students may find time to read it, before embarking on a university course, as an introduction to some of the ideas that will be encountered in the more detailed study of the biological sciences, including medicine. I have tried to discuss the evidence for important ideas, since this is fundamental to the scientific method, and have been particularly concerned to avoid the use of the sort of technical jargon that gives a spurious impression of authority while in reality creating confusion out of what is in essence simple.

Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments
Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments

Author: Committee on Military Nutrition Research

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1996-05-29

Total Pages: 585

ISBN-13: 0309556775

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This book reviews the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments and states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether, aside from increased energy demands, cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients, and whether performance in cold or high-altitude environments can be enhanced by the provision of increased amounts of specific nutrients.

Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of Extremophiles
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of Extremophiles

Author: R.A. Herbert

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2012-11-05

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789401050098

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It is now well recognised that many environments considered by man to be extreme are colonised by micro-organisms which are specifically adapted to these ecological niches. These organisms not only survive but actively grow under such conditions. A diverse range of bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae and yeasts has now been isolated from these habitats which are extreme in terms oftemperature, pH, salinity and pressure as well as species which are resistant to radiation and toxic chemicals. Whilst originally considered to be mere 'scientific curiosities', it is now generally accepted that many have con siderable biotechnological and commercial significance. Recently the term 'extremophile' has been used to describe these organisms. Over the past twenty years extensive studies of the ecology, physiology, taxonomy and molecular biology of these micro-organisms have been undertaken. These have resulted in a complete reassessment of our concept ofmicrobial evolution. The identification ofthe Archaeobacteria as the third kingdom ofliving organisms has given considerable impetus to extremophile research and is presenting many new challenges.

The Effects of Low Temperature on Biological Systems
The Effects of Low Temperature on Biological Systems

Author: B. W. W. Grout

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-03-19

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780521105767

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First published in 1987, The Effects of Low Temperatures on Biological Systems takes a broad view of the interactions of low temperatures with biological conditions. The topics covered range from molecular effects to whole organism behaviour and include practical applications in medicine, agriculture and the food industry. This integrated, multi-disciplinary approach to cryobiology presents a wide spectrum of topics linked by theory and interpretation, provides a unified concept of the subject and may stimulate fruitful pathways for further thought and research. The expert contributors to this book were chosen by the editors to represent an integrated science of cryobiology.

Temperature Biology of Animals
Temperature Biology of Animals

Author: Andrew Cossins

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 9400931271

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Temperature is one facet in the mosaic of physical and biotic factors that describes the niche of an animal. Ofthe physical factors it is ecologically the most important. for it is a factor that is all-pervasive and one that. in most environments. lacks spatial or temporal constancy. Evolution has produced a wide variety of adaptive strategies and tactics to exploit or deal with this variable environmental factor. The ease with which temperature can be measured. and controlled experimentally. together with its widespread influence on the affairs of animals. has understandably led to a large. dispersed literature. In spite of this no recent book provides a comprehensive treatment of the biology of animals in relation to temperature. Our intention in writing this book was to fill that gap. We hope we have provided a modern statement with a critical synthesis of this diverse field. which will be suitable and stimulating for both advanced undergraduate and post graduate students of biology. This book is emphatically not intended as a monographical review. as thermal biology is such a diverse. developed discipline that it could not be encompassed within the confines of a book of this size.

Insect Diapause
Insect Diapause

Author: David L. Denlinger

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-02-03

Total Pages: 465

ISBN-13: 1108755186

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Our highly seasonal world restricts insect activity to brief portions of the year. This feature necessitates a sophisticated interpretation of seasonal changes and enactment of mechanisms for bringing development to a halt and then reinitiating it when the inimical season is past. The dormant state of diapause serves to bridge the unfavourable seasons, and its timing provides a powerful mechanism for synchronizing insect development. This book explores how seasonal signals are monitored and used by insects to enact specific molecular pathways that generate the diapause phenotype. The broad perspective offered here scales from the ecological to the molecular and thus provides a comprehensive view of this exciting and vibrant research field, offering insights on topics ranging from pest management, evolution, speciation, climate change and disease transmission, to human health, as well as analogies with other forms of invertebrate dormancy and mammalian hibernation.

Low Temperature Biology of Foodstuffs
Low Temperature Biology of Foodstuffs

Author: John Hawthorn

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2016-04-20

Total Pages: 475

ISBN-13: 1483154629

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Low Temperature Biology of Foodstuffs describes the concept of low temperature biology and its application in the food industry. This book is divided into 23 chapters and begins with descriptions of several low temperature processes, such as nucleation, ice crystal growth, and freezing. The succeeding chapters deal with the protective mechanisms in frost-hardy plants, the physico-chemical changes in foods during freezing and storage, and the influence of cold storage, freezing, and thawing microbial and population of several foodstuffs. These topics are followed by discussions of the principles of freezing and low-temperature storage of fruit and vegetables. Other chapters explore the process of gelation, the freezing and frozen storage of fish muscle and meat. The final chapters look into the subjective evaluations of frozen food quality, including their physico-chemical properties. This book will prove useful to food scientists and manufacturers.