Reasoning: Representation and Process
Reasoning: Representation and Process

Author: Rachel Joffe Falmagne

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2015-06-18

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 1317404084

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Originally published in 1975, this volume contains original reports of new models and data in the areas of propositional reasoning, syllogistic reasoning, and transitive inference in children and adults of the time. A wide range of theoretical viewpoints is represented, and an effort is made to integrate the models and empirical findings, as well as place them in a common perspective and elucidate the general issues and questions relevant to these various approaches. The study of logical reasoning was undergoing rapid expansion at the time and this volume brings together the latest thinking in the area, in such a way that the relation between Piagetian and non-Piagetian traditions are examined, as well as the connection between the study of reasoning and the area of linguistic inquiry. The discussions of metatheoretical issues, such as the notion of logical competence and separability of representation and logical processing, as regards the various models presented herein, made this volume required reading for all those interested in reasoning in children and adults at the time.

The Handbook of Rationality
The Handbook of Rationality

Author: Markus Knauff

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2021-12-14

Total Pages: 879

ISBN-13: 026236185X

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The first reference on rationality that integrates accounts from psychology and philosophy, covering descriptive and normative theories from both disciplines. Both analytic philosophy and cognitive psychology have made dramatic advances in understanding rationality, but there has been little interaction between the disciplines. This volume offers the first integrated overview of the state of the art in the psychology and philosophy of rationality. Written by leading experts from both disciplines, The Handbook of Rationality covers the main normative and descriptive theories of rationality—how people ought to think, how they actually think, and why we often deviate from what we can call rational. It also offers insights from other fields such as artificial intelligence, economics, the social sciences, and cognitive neuroscience. The Handbook proposes a novel classification system for researchers in human rationality, and it creates new connections between rationality research in philosophy, psychology, and other disciplines. Following the basic distinction between theoretical and practical rationality, the book first considers the theoretical side, including normative and descriptive theories of logical, probabilistic, causal, and defeasible reasoning. It then turns to the practical side, discussing topics such as decision making, bounded rationality, game theory, deontic and legal reasoning, and the relation between rationality and morality. Finally, it covers topics that arise in both theoretical and practical rationality, including visual and spatial thinking, scientific rationality, how children learn to reason rationally, and the connection between intelligence and rationality.

Reasoning
Reasoning

Author: Daniel Krawczyk

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2017-11-13

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 0128095768

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Reasoning: The Neuroscience of How We Think is a comprehensive guide to the core topics related to a thorough understanding of reasoning. It presents the current knowledge of the subject in a unified, complete manner, ranging from animal studies, to applied situations, and is the only book available that presents a sustained focus on the neurobiological processes behind reasoning throughout all chapters, while also synthesizing research from animal behavior, cognitive psychology, development, and philosophy for a truly multidisciplinary approach. The book considers historical perspectives, state-of-the-art research methods, and future directions in emerging technology and cognitive enhancement. Written by an expert in the field, this book provides a coherent and structured narrative appropriate for students in need of an introduction to the topic of reasoning as well as researchers seeking well-rounded foundational content. It is essential reading for neuroscientists, cognitive scientists, neuropsychologists and others interested in the neural mechanisms behind thinking, reasoning and higher cognition. - Provides a comparative perspective considering animal cognition and its relevance to human reasoning - Includes developmental and lifespan considerations throughout the book - Discusses technological development and its role in reasoning, both currently and in the future - Considers perspectives from not only neuroscience, but cognitive psychology, philosophy, development, and animal behavior for a multidisciplinary treatment - Contains highlight boxes featuring additional details on methods, historical descriptions and experimental tasks

EBOOK: Cognitive Psychology
EBOOK: Cognitive Psychology

Author: Kenneth Gilhooly

Publisher: McGraw Hill

Published: 2014-04-16

Total Pages: 576

ISBN-13: 0077163818

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Cognitive Psychology is a brand new textbook by Ken Gilhooly, Fiona Lyddy & Frank Pollick. Based on a multidisciplinary approach, the book encourages students to make the connections between cognition, cognitive neuroscience and behaviour. The book provides an up-to-date, accessible introduction to the subject, showing students the relevance of cognitive psychology through a range of examples, applications and international research. Recent work from neuroscience is integrated throughout the book, and coverage is given to rapidly-developing topics, such as emotion and cognition. Cognitive Psychology is designed to provide an accessible and engaging introduction to Cognitive Psychology for 1st and 2nd year undergraduate students. It takes an international approach with an emphasis on research, methodology and application.

Force of Logic
Force of Logic

Author: Stephen M. Rice

Publisher: Aspen Publishing

Published: 2017-05-03

Total Pages: 429

ISBN-13: 1601566107

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Have you ever read a legal opinion and come across an odd term like the fallacy of denying the antecedent, the fallacy of the undistributed middle, or the fallacy of the illicit process and wondered how you missed that in law school? You’re not alone: every day, lawyers make arguments that fatally trespass the rules of formal logic—without realizing it—because traditional legal education often overlooks imparting the practical wisdom of ancient philosophy as it teaches students how to “think like a lawyer.” In his book, The Force of Logic: Using Formal Logic as a Tool in the Craft of Legal Argument, lawyer and law professor Stephen M. Rice guides you to develop your powers of legal reasoning in a new way, through effective tips and tactics that will forever change the way you argue your cases. Rice contends that formal logic provides tools that help lawyers distinguish good arguments from bad ones and, moreover, that they are simple to learn and use. When you know how to recognize logical fallacies, you will not only strengthen your own arguments, but you will also be able to punch holes in your opponent’s—and that can make the difference between winning and losing. In this book, Rice builds on the theoretical foundation of formal logic by demonstrating logical fallacies through the use of anecdotes, examples, graphical illustrations, and exercises for you to try that are derived from common case documents. It is a hands-on primer that presents a practical approach for understanding and mastering the place of formal logic in the art of legal reasoning. Whether you are a lawyer, a judge, a scholar, or a student, The Force of Logic will inspire you to love legal argument, and appreciate its beauty and complexity in a brand new way.