The Democratic Politics of Military Interventions
Author: Wolfgang Wagner
Publisher:
Published: 2020
Total Pages: 190
ISBN-13: 0198846797
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book examines the impact of party politics in foreign and security policy.
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Humanitarian Military Intervention
Author: Taylor B. Seybolt
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 314
ISBN-13: 0199252432
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMilitary intervention in a conflict without a reasonable prospect of success is unjustifiable, especially when it is done in the name of humanity. Couched in the debate on the responsibility to protect civilians from violence and drawing on traditional 'just war' principles, the centralpremise of this book is that humanitarian military intervention can be justified as a policy option only if decision makers can be reasonably sure that intervention will do more good than harm. This book asks, 'Have past humanitarian military interventions been successful?' It defines success as saving lives and sets out a methodology for estimating the number of lives saved by a particular military intervention. Analysis of 17 military operations in six conflict areas that were thedefining cases of the 1990s-northern Iraq after the Gulf War, Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Rwanda, Kosovo and East Timor-shows that the majority were successful by this measure. In every conflict studied, however, some military interventions succeeded while others failed, raising the question, 'Why have some past interventions been more successful than others?' This book argues that the central factors determining whether a humanitarian intervention succeeds are theobjectives of the intervention and the military strategy employed by the intervening states. Four types of humanitarian military intervention are offered: helping to deliver emergency aid, protecting aid operations, saving the victims of violence and defeating the perpetrators of violence. Thefocus on strategy within these four types allows an exploration of the political and military dimensions of humanitarian intervention and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each of the four types.Humanitarian military intervention is controversial. Scepticism is always in order about the need to use military force because the consequences can be so dire. Yet it has become equally controversial not to intervene when a government subjects its citizens to massive violation of their basic humanrights. This book recognizes the limits of humanitarian intervention but does not shy away from suggesting how military force can save lives in extreme circumstances.
The Impact of Foreign Interventions on Democracy and Human Rights
Author: Ana Magdalena Figueroa
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Published: 2022-01-28
Total Pages: 98
ISBN-13: 1801173427
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Impact of Foreign Interventions on Democracy and Human Rights provides holistic studies exploring the relationship between military and economic interventions and the policies, methods, intentions, and consequences of the various American, French, and Chinese interventions in the case studies they present.
The Democratic Coup D'état
Author: Ozan O. Varol
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2017
Total Pages: 249
ISBN-13: 019062602X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Democratic Coup d'État advances a simple, yet controversial, argument: democracy sometimes comes through a military coup. Covering coups that toppled dictators and installed democratic rule in countries as diverse as Guinea-Bissau, Portugal, and Colombia, the book weaves a balanced narrative that challenges everything we knew about military coups.
Democratic Participation in Armed Conflict
Author: Patrick A. Mello
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2014-05-22
Total Pages: 272
ISBN-13: 1137386517
DOWNLOAD EBOOKUnder which conditions do democracies participate in war, and when do they abstain? Providing a unique theoretical framework, Mello identifies pathways of war involvement and abstention across thirty democracies, investigating the wars in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq.
Between Military Rule and Democracy
Author: Yaprak Gursoy
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Published: 2017-07-06
Total Pages: 329
ISBN-13: 0472130420
DOWNLOAD EBOOKExamines military interventions in Greece, Turkey, Thailand, and Egypt, and the military's role in authoritarian and democratic regimes
The Democratic Politics of Military Interventions
Author: Wolfgang Wagner
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2020-07-09
Total Pages: 190
ISBN-13: 0192586017
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAccording to a widely shared notion, foreign affairs are exempted from democratic politics, i.e. party-political divisions are overcome-and should be overcome-for the sake of a common national interest. This book shows that this is not the case. Examining votes in the US Congress and several European parliaments, the book demonstrates that contestation over foreign affairs is barely different from contestation over domestic politics. Analyses of a new collection of deployment votes, of party manifestos, and of expert survey data show that political parties differ systematically over foreign policy and military interventions in particular. The left/right divide is the best guide to the pattern of party-political contestation: support is weakest at the far left of the spectrum and increases as one moves along the left/right axis to green, social democratic, liberal and conservative parties; amongst parties of the far right, support is again weaker than amongst parties of the centre. An analysis of parliamentary debates in Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom about the interventions in Afghanistan and against Daesh in Iraq and Syria shows that political parties also differ systematically in how they frame the use of force abroad. For example, parties on the right tend to frame their country's participation in the US-led missions in terms of national security and national interests whereas parties on the left tend to engage in 'spiral model thinking', i.e. they critically reflect on the unintended consequences of the use of force in fuelling the conflicts with the Taliban and Daesh.
The Army and Democracy
Author: Aqil Shah
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Published: 2014-04-29
Total Pages: 416
ISBN-13: 0674728939
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn sharp contrast to neighboring India, the Muslim nation of Pakistan has been ruled by its military for over three decades. The Army and Democracy identifies steps for reforming Pakistan’s armed forces and reducing its interference in politics, and sees lessons for fragile democracies striving to bring the military under civilian control.
Meddling in the Ballot Box
Author: Dov H. Levin
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2020-08-24
Total Pages: 320
ISBN-13: 0197519911
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWhy do world powers sometimes try to determine who wins an election in another country? What effects does such meddling have on the targeted elections results? Great powers have attempted for centuries to intervene in elections occurring in other states through various covert and overt methods, with the American intervention in the 2013 Kenyan elections and the Russian intervention in the 2016 US elections being just two recent examples. Indeed, the Americans and the Soviets/Russians intervened in one out of every nine national-level executive elections between 1946 and 2000. Meddling in the Ballot Box is the first book to provide a comprehensive analysis of foreign meddling in elections from the dawn of the modern era to the 2016 Russian intervention in the US election. Dov Levin shows that partisan electoral interventions are usually an "inside job" occurring only if a significant domestic actor within the target wants it. Likewise, a great power will not intervene unless it fears that its interests are endangered by an opposing party or candidate with very different preferences. He also finds that partisan electoral interventions frequently have significant effects on the results--sufficient in many situations to determine the winner. Such interference also tends to be more effective when it is conducted overtly. However, it is usually ineffective, if not counterproductive, when done in a founding election. A revelatory account that explains why major powers have meddled so frequently across the entire postwar era, Meddling in the Ballot Box also provides us with a framework for assessing the cyber-future of interference.
Characteristics of Successful U.S. Military Interventions
Author: Jennifer Kavanagh
Publisher:
Published: 2019
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781977402271
DOWNLOAD EBOOKUsing an original data set of 145 ground, air, and naval interventions from 1898 through 2016, this report identifies those factors that have made U.S. military interventions more or less successful at achieving their political objectives. While these objectives were often successfully achieved, about 63 percent of the time overall, levels of success have been declining over time as the United States has pursued increasingly ambitious objectives. The research combines statistical analysis and detailed case studies of three types of interventions -- combat, stability operations, and deterrence. The research highlights that the factors that promote the successful achievement of political objectives vary by the nature of the objective and the intervention. For example, sending additional ground forces may help to defeat adversaries in combat missions but may have a more contingent effect on success in institution-building in stability operations, where nonmilitary resources and pre-intervention planning may be especially vital. The report offers five main policy recommendations. First, planners should carefully match political objectives to strategy because factors that promote success vary substantially by objective type. Second, sending more forces does not always promote success, but for certain types of objectives and interventions, greater capabilities may be essential. Third, policymakers should have realistic expectations regarding the possibility of achieving highly ambitious objectives. Fourth, pre-intervention planning is crucial. Finally, policymakers should carefully evaluate the role that might be played by third parties, which is often under appreciated.
