The mathematical verification of the safety of structures can be done by determining the probability of failure or by using safety elements. Observed damages and collapses are usually assessed within the framework of expert reports, which seems reasonable due to the large number of unique structures in the construction industry. However, there should also be an examination of observed safety across all structures. Therefore, in this book the collapse frequencies are determined for different types of structures, such as bridges, dams, tunnels, retaining structures and buildings. The collapse frequency, like the failure probability, belongs to stochasticity. Therefore, the observed mean collapse frequencies and the calculated mean failure probabilities are compared. This comparison shows that the collapse frequencies are usually lower than the calculated failure probabilities. In addition, core damage frequencies and probabilities are given to extend the comparison to another technical product.
This monograph provides a comparative study between failure probabilities and collapse frequencies in structural bridge engineering. The author presents techniques to resolve and extend the limitations of both parameters, taking also into account the time dependency of both parameters. The book includes available data and case studies and thus presents patterns to identify potential weaknesses and challenges in bridge maintenance. The target audience primarily comprises practicing engineers in the field of bridge engineering, but the book may also be beneficial for academic researchers alike.
This volume highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of seismic design and performance of steel structures, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA), held in Timisoara, Romania, on 25-27 May 2022. It covers a diverse range of topics such as behaviour of structural members and connections, performance of structural systems, mixed and composite structures, energy dissipation systems, self-centring and low-damage systems, assessment and retrofitting, codes and standards, light-gauge systems. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, present a wealth of exciting ideas that will open novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.
The mathematical verification of the safety of structures can be done by determining the probability of failure or by using safety elements. Observed damages and collapses are usually assessed within the framework of expert reports, which seems reasonable due to the large number of unique structures in the construction industry. However, there should also be an examination of observed safety across all structures. Therefore, in this book the collapse frequencies are determined for different types of structures, such as bridges, dams, tunnels, retaining structures and buildings. The collapse frequency, like the failure probability, belongs to stochasticity. Therefore, the observed mean collapse frequencies and the calculated mean failure probabilities are compared. This comparison shows that the collapse frequencies are usually lower than the calculated failure probabilities. In addition, core damage frequencies and probabilities are given to extend the comparison to another technical product. About the Author: Prof. (FH) Dr.-Ing. habil. Dirk Proske MSc. studied civil engineering in Dresden and London. He worked at various universities, such as the TU Dresden, the University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna and the TU Delft. He has also worked for various engineering firms and on various construction sites, including in South Africa and Indonesia. Since 2018, he has been a professor of risk management at the Bern University of Applied Sciences.
This volume presents the proceedings of the 18th International Probabilistic Workshop (IPW), which was held in Guimarães, Portugal in May 2021. Probabilistic methods are currently of crucial importance for research and developments in the field of engineering, which face challenges presented by new materials and technologies and rapidly changing societal needs and values. Contemporary needs related to, for example, performance-based design, service-life design, life-cycle analysis, product optimization, assessment of existing structures and structural robustness give rise to new developments as well as accurate and practically applicable probabilistic and statistical engineering methods to support these developments. These proceedings are a valuable resource for anyone interested in contemporary developments in the field of probabilistic engineering applications.
Resilient buildings and cities are in the center of common interests in modern academic communities for science and engineering related to built environment. Resilience of buildings and cities against multidisciplinary risks, e.g. earthquakes, strong winds, floods, etc., is strongly related to the sustainability of buildings and cities in which reduction of damage during a disaster and fast recovery from the damage are key issues. The reduction of damage is related to the level of resistance of buildings and the time of recovery is affected by the amount of supply of damaged members, assurance of restoration work, etc. Robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity are four key factors for supporting the full realization of design and construction of resilient buildings and cities. This research topic gathers cutting-edge and innovative research from various aspects, e.g. robustness of buildings and cities against earthquake risk, structural control and base-isolation for controlling damage risks, quantification of resilience measures, structural health monitoring, innovative structural engineering techniques for higher safety of buildings, resilience actions and tools at the urban scale, etc.
This book aims to promote the study, research and applications in the design, assessment, prediction, and optimal management of life-cycle performance, safety, reliability, and risk of civil structures and infrastructure systems. The contribution in each chapter presents state-of-the-art as well as emerging applications related to key aspects of the life-cycle civil engineering field. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Structure and Infrastructure Engineering.
The purpose of this book is to expand the knowledge and skills of civil and structural engineers and researchers and help them better understand, design, and analyze civil engineering applications. This book examines advancements in structural integrity and failure and underground construction. It offers profound insights into the mechanisms that can lead to the integrity or failure of structures and result in safe underground construction. It provides details on the fundamental principles, theories, behavior, and performance of different structural elements and underground construction. The book delves into the mechanics, design, and construction of reinforced concrete structures. It explores the design principles applied to reinforced concrete structures and considers critical structural elements like beams, slabs, columns, and foundations. It also demonstrates various advances in reinforced concrete technology, including high-performance concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete, self-compacting concrete, and the use of nanomaterials. It describes methods for the analysis and evaluation of reinforced concrete structures, non-destructive testing methods, structural health monitoring, finite element analysis, and causes of failure. In addition, the book proposes a design model for determining the flexural bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams having reinforcement steel with reduced modulus of elasticity. Moreover, the book investigates the effects of loading rates on the mechanical properties of structural steel. It also evaluates the formation of welding defects in the process of connecting steel structures, which is inevitable, from the aspect of failure mechanics. In addition, it utilizes an equivalent shell-wire model to propose a simple accurate technique for nonlinear assessment of reinforced concrete shear walls with less computational cost. The book introduces tunnel design theory and method, support structure systems, construction technology, and equipment under complex geological conditions. Furthermore, it highlights procedures to design efficient dewatering systems considering the working conditions, stability, and impacts generated in the vicinity of construction, and to examine the state of retaining walls by using hydrogeological tools. Finally, it outlines the online monitoring and intelligent diagnosis mechanism of key equipment in the subway ventilation system.
As mankind continues to push back the boundaries and begins to explore other worlds and the ocean depths, a thorough understanding of how structures behave when subjected to extremes in temperature, pressure, and high loading rates will be essential. This symposium provided the perfect forum for presenting research into structures subjected to such extreme loads. There were a large number of papers presented under topics of impact, blast and shock loading, indicating a strong research interest in high rates of loading. Similarly new topics have been added to the traditional symposium list such as fire loading, earthquake loading, and fatigue and connection failures. It is clear now that fundamental knowledge of plastic deformation of structures to various extreme loads is coming of age. Each full paper was peer reviewed by at least two experts in the field.
