The Birth of Judicial Politics in France

The Birth of Judicial Politics in France

Author: Alec Stone Sweet

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 326

ISBN-13: 0195070348

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The French Constitutional Council, a quasi-judicial body created at the dawn of the Fifth Republic, functioned in relative obscurity for almost two decades until its emergence in the 1980s as a pivotal actor in the French policymaking process. Alec Stone focuses on how this once docile institution, through its practice of constitutional review, has become a meaningfully autonomous actor in the French political system. After examining the formal prohibition against judicial review in France, Stone illustrates how politicians and the Council have collaborated over the course of the last decade, often unintentionally and in the service of contradictory agendas, to significantly enhance Council's power. While the Council came to function as a third house of Parliament, the legislative work of the government and Parliament was meaningfully "juridicized." Through a discussion of broad theoretical issues, Stone then expands the scope of his analysis to the politics of constitutional review in Germany, Spain, and Austria.


Juries and the Transformation of Criminal Justice in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Juries and the Transformation of Criminal Justice in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Author: James M. Donovan

Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press

Published: 2010-02-01

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 0807895776

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

James Donovan takes a comprehensive approach to the history of the jury in modern France by investigating the legal, political, sociocultural, and intellectual aspects of jury trial from the Revolution through the twentieth century. He demonstrates that these juries, through their decisions, helped shape reform of the nation's criminal justice system. From their introduction in 1791 as an expression of the sovereignty of the people through the early 1900s, argues Donovan, juries often acted against the wishes of the political and judicial authorities, despite repeated governmental attempts to manipulate their composition. High acquittal rates for both political and nonpolitical crimes were in part due to juror resistance to the harsh and rigid punishments imposed by the Napoleonic Penal Code, Donovan explains. In response, legislators gradually enacted laws to lower penalties for certain crimes and to give jurors legal means to offer nuanced verdicts and to ameliorate punishments. Faced with persistently high acquittal rates, however, governments eventually took powers away from juries by withdrawing many cases from their purview and ultimately destroying the panels' independence in 1941.


Comparative Constitutional Reasoning

Comparative Constitutional Reasoning

Author: AndrĂ¡s Jakab

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-04-27

Total Pages: 867

ISBN-13: 1108138616

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

To what extent is the language of judicial opinions responsive to the political and social context in which constitutional courts operate? Courts are reason-giving institutions, with argumentation playing a central role in constitutional adjudication. However, a cursory look at just a handful of constitutional systems suggests important differences in the practices of constitutional judges, whether in matters of form, style, or language. Focusing on independently-verified leading cases globally, a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis offers the most comprehensive and systematic account of constitutional reasoning to date. This analysis is supported by the examination of eighteen legal systems around the world including the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice. Universally common aspects of constitutional reasoning are identified in this book, and contributors also examine whether common law countries differ to civil law countries in this respect.


Judicial Politics and Policy-making in Western Europe

Judicial Politics and Policy-making in Western Europe

Author: Mary L. Volcansek

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-04-08

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 113519369X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Focusing on the intersection of politics and law in six western European countries and in two supra-national bodies, the contributors here aim to debunk the myth that judges are merely "la bouche de la loi" and analyze similiarities in policy-making of the judiciaries from one nation to the next.


Judicial Power

Judicial Power

Author: Christine Landfried

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-02-07

Total Pages: 411

ISBN-13: 1316999084

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The power of national and transnational constitutional courts to issue binding rulings in interpreting the constitution or an international treaty has been endlessly discussed. What does it mean for democratic governance that non-elected judges influence politics and policies? The authors of Judicial Power - legal scholars, political scientists, and judges - take a fresh look at this problem. To date, research has concentrated on the legitimacy, or the effectiveness, or specific decision-making methods of constitutional courts. By contrast, the authors here explore the relationship among these three factors. This book presents the hypothesis that judicial review allows for a method of reflecting on social integration that differs from political methods, and, precisely because of the difference between judicial and political decision-making, strengthens democratic governance. This hypothesis is tested in case studies on the role of constitutional courts in political transformations, on the methods of these courts, and on transnational judicial interactions.


The Cambridge Companion to Comparative Constitutional Law

The Cambridge Companion to Comparative Constitutional Law

Author: Roger Masterman

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-10-03

Total Pages: 653

ISBN-13: 1107167817

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Comparing constitutions allows us to consider the similarities and differences in forms of government as well as the normative philosophies behind constitutional choices. The objective behind this Companion is to present the reader with a succinct yet wide-ranging companion to a modern comparative constitutional law course.


Governing with Judges

Governing with Judges

Author: Alec Stone Sweet

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 247

ISBN-13: 0198297300

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This text elaborates a theory of constitutional politics. It examines the pan-European movement to confer constitutional review authority on a new governmental institution. Cases show how and to what extent legislative processes have been under the influence of consititutional judges.


Sovereignty, International Law, and the French Revolution

Sovereignty, International Law, and the French Revolution

Author: Edward James Kolla

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-10-12

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 1107179548

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book argues that the introduction of popular sovereignty as the basis for government in France facilitated a dramatic transformation in international law in the eighteenth century.


Provincial Magistrates and Revolutionary Politics in France, 1789-1795

Provincial Magistrates and Revolutionary Politics in France, 1789-1795

Author: Philip Dawson

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 1972

Total Pages: 452

ISBN-13: 9780674719606

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Dawson contributes research findings to the historical controversy over the political motives and conduct of the upper bourgeoisie during the French Revolution, treating magistrates' activities as members of corporate groups before 1790 and following many of them as individuals through the revolutionary years to 1795.


Regime Transition and the Judicial Politics of Enmity

Regime Transition and the Judicial Politics of Enmity

Author: Justine Guichard

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-04-08

Total Pages: 263

ISBN-13: 1137531576

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Among the societies that experienced a political transition away from authoritarianism in the 1980s, South Korea is known as a paragon of 'successful democratization.' This achievement is considered to be intimately tied to a new institution introduced with the 1987 change of regime, intended to safeguard fundamental norms and rights: the Constitutional Court of Korea. While constitutional justice is largely celebrated for having achieved both purposes, this book proposes an innovative and critical account of the court's role. Relying on an interpretive analysis of jurisprudence, it uncovers the ambivalence with which the court has intervened in the major dispute opposing the state and parts of civil society after the transition: (re)defining enmity. In response to this challenge, constitutional justice has produced both liberal and illiberal outcomes, promoting the rule of law and basic rights while reinforcing the mechanisms of exclusion bounding South Korean democracy in the name of national security.