The Bion Experiments on the Origin of Life
Author: Wilhelm Reich
Publisher:
Published: 1979
Total Pages: 198
ISBN-13: 9780374967680
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Author: Wilhelm Reich
Publisher:
Published: 1979
Total Pages: 198
ISBN-13: 9780374967680
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Wilhelm Reich
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Published: 2013-07-02
Total Pages: 211
ISBN-13: 1466847522
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Bion Experiments, published in a limited German edition in 1938 and now available in English for the first time, represents a cornerstone in Reich's scientific development. The work documents a series of experiments conducted in Oslo in 1936-37 in which Reich applied the formula of tension?charge?discharge?relaxation, derived from his research on the function of the orgasm, to the microscopic biological world, thereby opening a route to an understanding of the origin of life. This work is divided into two parts: the first, a detailed report on the experiments; the second, Reich's conclusions and an exposition of his research method. The Bion Experiments provides a unique insight into Reich's scientific method, and makes available the experimental material essential to understanding his later work with cancer and orgone biophysics.
Author: Wilhelm Reich
Publisher: WRM PRESS
Published: 2023-11-07
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781952000195
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Bion Experiments on the Origin of Life-first published as Die Bione in 1938 in a limited German edition-represents a cornerstone in Reich's scientific development. This work documents a series of experiments conducted in Oslo in 1936-37 in which Reich applied the formula of tension¿charge¿ discharge¿relaxation, derived from his research on the function of the orgasm, to the microscopic biological world, thereby opening a route to the understanding of the origin of life. This work is divided into two parts: the first, a detailed report on the experiments; the second, Reich's conclusions and an exposition of his research method.The Bion Experiments provides a unique insight into Reich's scientific method, and makes available the experimental material essential to understanding his later work with cancer and orgone biophysics.
Author: James E. Strick
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Published: 2015-04-01
Total Pages: 476
ISBN-13: 067428688X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPsychoanalyst, political theorist, pioneer of body therapies, prophet of the sexual revolution—all fitting titles, but Wilhelm Reich has never been recognized as a serious laboratory scientist, despite his experimentation with bioelectricity and unicellular organisms. Wilhelm Reich, Biologist is an eye-opening reappraisal of one of twentieth-century science’s most controversial figures—perhaps the only writer whose scientific works were burned by both the Nazis and the U.S. government. Refuting allegations of “pseudoscience” that have long dogged Reich’s research, James Strick argues that Reich’s lab experiments in the mid-1930s represented the cutting edge of light microscopy and time-lapse micro-cinematography and deserve to be taken seriously as legitimate scientific contributions. Trained in medicine and a student of Sigmund Freud, Reich took to the laboratory to determine if Freud’s concept of libido was quantitatively measurable. His electrophysiological experiments led to his “discovery” of microscopic vesicles (he called them “bions”), which Reich hypothesized were instrumental in originating life from nonliving matter. Studying Reich’s laboratory notes from recently opened archives, Strick presents a detailed account of the bion experiments, tracing how Reich eventually concluded he had discovered an unknown type of biological radiation he called “orgone.” The bion experiments were foundational to Reich’s theory of cancer and later investigations of orgone energy. Reich’s experimental findings and interpretations were considered discredited, but not because of shoddy lab technique, as has often been claimed. Scientific opposition to Reich’s experiments, Strick contends, grew out of resistance to his unorthodox sexual theories and his Marxist political leanings.
Author: John Keosian
Publisher:
Published: 1964
Total Pages: 134
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin
Publisher:
Published: 1938
Total Pages: 292
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Cyril Ponnamperuma
Publisher:
Published: 1972
Total Pages: 224
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Richard Gordon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2024-08-26
Total Pages: 1190
ISBN-13: 1119901200
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book surveys the models for the origin of life and presents a new model starting with shaped droplets and ending with life as polygonal Archaea; it collects the most published micrographs of Archaea (discovered only in 1977), which support this conclusion, and thus provides the first visual survey of Archaea. Origin of Life via Archaea’s purpose is to add a new hypothesis on what are called “shaped droplets”, as the starting point, for flat, polygonal Archaea, supporting the Vesicles First hypothesis. The book contains over 6000 distinct references and micrographs of 440 extant species of Archaea, 41% of which exhibit polygonal phenotypes. It surveys the intellectual battleground of the many ideas of the origin of life on earth, chemical equilibrium, autocatalysis, and biotic polymers. This book contains 17 chapters, some coauthored, on a wide range of topics on the origin of life, including Archaea’s origin, patterns, and species. It shows how various aspects of the origin of life may have occurred at chemical equilibrium, not requiring an energy source, contrary to the general assumption. For the reader’s value, its compendium of Archaea micrographs might also serve many other interesting questions about Archaea. One chapter presents a theory for the shape of flat, polygonal Archaea in terms of the energetics at the surface, edges and corners of the S-layer. Another shows how membrane peptides may have originated. The book also includes a large table of most extant Archaea, that is searchable in the electronic version. It ends with a chapter on problems needing further research. Audience This book will be used by astrobiologists, origin of life biologists, physicists of small systems, geologists, biochemists, theoretical and vesicle chemists.
Author: Charles B. Thaxton
Publisher:
Published: 1984
Total Pages: 250
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: James Edgar Strick
Publisher: Thoemmes
Published: 2004
Total Pages: 418
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBringing together primary sources both for and against the histological molecules doctrine, this collection features texts by Robert Brown, Virchow, Schwann and Johannes Muller. There are also debates on the spontaneous generation and evolution of life by Buffon, Needham, Spallanzani and others.