The second edition of this invaluable handbook covers converting vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils into biodiesel fuel. The Biodiesel Handbook delivers solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts, as well as the status of the biodiesel industry worldwide. - Incorporates the major research and other developments in the world of biodiesel in a comprehensive and practical format - Includes reference materials and tables on biodiesel standards, unit conversions, and technical details in four appendices - Presents details on other uses of biodiesel and other alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats
Biodiesel is one of the main biofuels capable of substituting fossil fuel usage in compression ignition vehicles, and is used in a variety of fuel blends worldwide. First-generation biodiesel has been used in national markets for some time, with fuel quality standards in place for this purpose. There remain, however, several restrictions to sustainable and long term market development, which is influenced by many factors, including food vs. fuel pressures. The development of new generations of biodiesel, aimed at more sustainable and effective feedstock utilisation alongside improved production efficiency and fuel quality, is critical to the future both of this industry and of the continuing use of biodiesel fuels in transportation.This book provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies. Part one reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards. This coverage is extended in Part two, with chapters focussing on the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Advances in biodiesel production a standard reference for chemical, biochemical and industrial process engineers, as well as scientists and researchers in this important field. - Provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies - Reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards - Discusses the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies
In a simple, straight-forward fashion, this book explains everything about biodiesel and how to make biodiesel at home in mini batches and larger. It details the nuts and bolts of the biodiesel processor setup as well as the benefits of biodiesel, tips & tricks and frequently asked questions.
Written by an accomplished author this book discusses all major aspects on the production and properties of biodiesel, but the main focus is on the two very important properties of oxidative stability and low-temperature flow. Examples of key chapters include: biodiesel properties, fuel specifications, oxidative stability and low-temperature flow properties, engine efficiency and emissions using biodiesel, major sources for biodiesel production, the present state of the biodiesel industry. One additional feature of the book is that it contains a comprehensive section on biodiesel resources. In this section the reader will be directed to fifty Indian unknown plants, that contain more than 30% oil in their seed or fruit. The author discusses in significant detail the statistical relationship between fatty acid compositions and other biodiesel properties. To bring the book to a final conclusion the food versus fuel issue is discussed and possible solutions. The book will be essential reading for chemists, chemical engineers and agricultural scientists working in both industry and academia on the production of biofuels.
SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION This first volume in a broad, comprehensive two-volume set, Sustainable Solutions for Environmental Pollution, concentrates on the role of waste management in solving pollution problems and the value-added products that can be created out of waste, turning a negative into an environmental and economic positive. Environmental pollution is one of the biggest problems facing our world today, in every country, region, and even down to local landfills. Not just solving these problems, but turning waste into products, even products that can make money, is a huge game-changer in the world of environmental engineering. Finding ways to make fuel and other products from solid waste, setting a course for the production of future biorefineries, and creating a clean process for generating fuel and other products are just a few of the topics covered in the groundbreaking new first volume in the two-volume set, Sustainable Solutions for Environmental Pollution. The valorization of waste, including the creation of biofuels, turning waste cooking oil into green chemicals, providing sustainable solutions for landfills, and many other topics are also covered in this extensive treatment on the state of the art of this area in environmental engineering. This groundbreaking new volume in this forward-thinking set is the most comprehensive coverage of all of these issues, laying out the latest advances and addressing the most serious current concerns in environmental pollution. Whether for the veteran engineer or the student, this is a must-have for any library. AUDIENCE Petroleum, chemical, process, and environmental engineers, other scientists and engineers working in the area of environmental pollution, and students at the university and graduate level studying these areas
This book presents in-depth information on the state of the art of global biodiesel production and investigates its impact on climate change. Subsequently, it comprehensively discusses biodiesel production in terms of production systems (reactor technologies) as well as biodiesel purification and upgrading technologies. Moreover, the book reviews essential parameters in biodiesel production systems as well as major principles of operation, process control, and trouble-shooting in these systems. Conventional and emerging applications of biodiesel by-products with a view to further economize biodiesel production are also scrutinized. Separate chapters are dedicated to economic risk analysis and critical comparison of biodiesel production systems as well as techno-economical aspects of biodiesel plants. The book also thoroughly investigates the important aspects of biodiesel production and combustion by taking advantage of advanced sustainability analysis tools including life cycle assessment (LCA) and exergy techniques. In closing, the application of Omics technologies in biodiesel production is presented and discussed. This book is relevant to anyone with an interest in renewable, more sustainable fuel and energy solutions.
Biodiesel: A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines describes the production and characterization of biodiesel. The book also presents current experimental research work in the field, including techniques to reduce biodiesel’s high viscosity. Researchers in renewable energy, as well as fuel engineers, will discover a myriad of new ideas and promising possibilities.
This book offers the current state of knowledge in the field of biofuels, presented by selected research centers from around the world. Biogas from waste production process and areas of application of biomethane were characterized. Also, possibilities of applications of wastes from fruit bunch of oil palm tree and high biomass/bagasse from sorghum and Bermuda grass for second-generation bioethanol were presented. Processes and mechanisms of biodiesel production, including the review of catalytic transesterification process, and careful analysis of kinetics, including bioreactor system for algae breeding, were widely analyzed. Problem of emissivity of NOx from engines fueled by B20 fuel was characterized. The closing chapters deal with the assessment of the potential of biofuels in Turkey, the components of refinery systems for production of biodegradable plastics from biomass. Also, a chapter concerning the environmental conditions of synthesis gas production as a universal raw material for the production of alternative fuels was also added.
Present energy situation around the globe is unsustainable due to unequal distribution of natural resources as well as different environmental, geopolitical, and economical concerns. Rise in population with accelerated increase in industrial sector has led to rapid increase in the consumption of energy sources, which will make them extinct soon. To combat environmental pollution and mitigate the effects of greenhouse gases, it has become imperative that an alternative energy source is found which is sustainable and renewable. Biofuels is one such renewable, sustainable and affordable energy source that has the potential to replace conventional energy sources. Algal Biofuel: sustainable solution explores a wide spectrum of bioenergy sources, including their applications. It provides latest information in the field of bioenergy technologies and their future prospect including lipid content. It discusses governance of biofuel at global and national level and the potential of biofuel to meet the rising energy demand. The book focuses towards the strategies to ensure the availability of algal biomass, effective cultivation and harvesting techniques. The strategies to enhance the algal lipid synthesis and its conversion for biodiesel production have been also elaborated. Detailed Table of Contents: Foreword Preface 1. Biorefinery: A Future Approach for a Sustainable Bioeconomy Introduction Role of Government, Public, and Private Stakeholders Conclusion 2. Algal biomass harvesting for biofuel production Introduction Harvesting process Future prospects and conclusions 3. Biogas as Bioenergy Option: Advances and Challenges Introduction Biochemical Processes of Anaerobic Digestion Feedstock materials Microbial community Important parameters Properties of Biogas Upgradation of Biogas Types of Digesters Applications of Biogas Challenges/bottlenecks Conclusion 4. Application of algal biomass as a feedstock 93for fermentative biohydrogen production Introduction Microalgae Advantages and Limitations of Biohydrogen from Microalgae Conclusion 5. Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic/Algal Biomass: 107Potential Sustainable Approach Introduction Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Material Conclusion 6. Crop Residues as a Potential Substrate for 121Bioenergy Production: An Overview Introduction Agricultural Residues for Bioenergy Production Biomass-to-bioenergy Conversion Pathways Conclusion 7. Magnetic Harvesting of Microalgae Biomass forCost-effective Algal Biofuel Production Introduction Magnetic Materials for Microalgae Harvesting Factors Influencing Magnetic Harvesting Process Recovery of Magnetic Materials and Biomass Detachment Biocompatibility of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Recovery of Growth Medium Conclusion 8. Biodiesel Production from Non-edible Oilseeds Introduction Non-edible Oilseeds as Biodiesel Feedstock Properties of Free Fatty Acids in Non-edible Oils Biodiesel Production Technology for Non-edible Oilseeds Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Economic Feasibility of Biodiesel from Non-edible Oils Advantages of Non-edible Oilseed Crops National Efforts to Promote Non-edible Plant Species Conclusion 9. Carbon Sequestration and Biofuel Production byMicroalgae: An Integrated and Sustainable Approach Introduction Carbon Sequestration Carbon Sequestration by Microalgae Carbon Concentrating Mechanism Algal Species Factors Affecting Microalgal Efficiency Biosynthesis of Lipids in Microalgae Microalgal Biomass Harvesting and Processing Microalgal Lipid Extractions Production of Biofuels Chemical Conversion Thermochemical Conversion Biochemical Conversion Conclusion 10. Role of Meteorological Parameters on Atmospheric Aerosols Concentration and Its Control through Modern Biomass Application Introduction Aerosols Shape and Size of Aerosols Aerosol Sources Aerosol Removal Processes Implications of Aerosols Brief History of Earlier Aerosol Studies Experimental Technique Used Results and Discussion Modern Biomass Application to Control Aerosol Emission Conclusion 11. Application of Immobilized Algae in Water and Wastewater Treatment Immobilization Immobilization Techniques Application of Immobilized Algae Nutrient Removal Metal Removal Removal of Organic Compounds Lipid Content of Immobilized Algae Conclusion and Future Work 12. Recent Biotechnological Approaches for Bioenergy Production: The Path Forward Introduction Biotechnological Approaches in Bioenergy Production Different Biotechnological Approaches for Bioenergy Production Biotechnology and Sustainable Society Conclusion 13. Lipid induction in algal biomass for sustainable bioenergy production Introduction Composition of Microalgal Lipid Factors affecting lipid productivity in algal biomass Engineering efforts of lipid enhancement Conclusion About the Editors Index
