This book explores the efforts of educational reformers who sought to link secondary and higher education in the decades after 1870. Through various state, regional, and national initiatives, these reformers created a hierarchical system, laid the foundation for a growing standardization in education, and influenced who would have access to college. Neither higher education nor the secondary branches dominated the other in creating this educational system. Rather, through debate, argument, and accommodation, the two levels mutually shaped each other in a time of significant political and economic change. Reformers today wrestle with this legacy as they continue to forge connections between the two educational levels.
This history of one of the most contentious educational issues in America examines bilingual instruction in the United States from the common school era to the recent federal involvement in the 1960s and 1970s. Drawing from school reports, student narratives, legal resources, policy documents, and other primary sources, the work teases out the underlying agendas and patterns in bilingual schooling during much of America s history. The study demonstrates clearly how the broader context - the cultural, intellectual, religious, demographic, economic, and political forces - shaped the contours of dual-language instruction in America between the 1840s and 1960s. Ramsey s work fills a crucial void in the educational literature and addresses not only historians, linguists, and bilingual scholars, but also policymakers and practitioners in the field.
Excerpt from The Addresses and Journal of Proceedings of the National Educational Association: Session of the Year 1876, in Baltimore, Maryland The Committee on Publication take pleasure in sending out this Centenary Volume of the Proceedings of the National Educational Association, held in Baltimore July 10th, llth, and 12th, 1876. The volume, notwithstanding the fact that four or five papers and some reports were not furnished for publication, is larger than any of those previously published. The ability and variety of the papers and addresses were a marked feature of the proceedings. The presence of distinguished foreign gentlemen added to the interest of the Centenary meeting. The address in Japanese by the Hon. Fujimaro Tanaka, was furnished in Japanese characters to the Secretary, and he had determined to have it photo-lithographed for publication in this volume, but the fear that it might be published upside down deterred him. The unexpected size of the volume has delayed the time of publication somewhat; the sheets however were sent to the bindery before the middle of December, being more than two months earlier than they were sent last year. If those who shall read papers, addresses, and reports at the next meeting will have the matter ready to deliver to the Secretary at the meeting, the next volume could easily be ready for delivery' by the the first of December, 1877. Although no proofs have been sent to authors for want of time, it is believed that this volume, notwithstanding much bad copy, is as free from mistakes as any of the preceding ones. Some of the copy, it is but just to say, was excellent, several papers being sent in print. The Secretary has advanced all the funds necessary to pay for the publication of this volume, and hence it is hoped that those who enrolled themselves as life-members, who have not yet remitted to the Treasurer or Secretary will soon do so, that the indebtedness of the Association may be cancelled at the earliest possible date. The price of this volume by mail postpaid has been fixed at $2.00, or in quantities of ten or more, expressage or freight to be paid by the purchaser, at $1.26 each. This volume is cheap at two dollars; it contains fully twice as much matter as an ordinary coarse-print two-dollar book. Only 1000 copies having been printed, early application should be made to the Secretary, W. D. Hekkle, Salem, Ohio, or to the Treasurer, J. Ormond Wilson, Washington, D. C., by those who wish to procure volumes. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
In her Foreword, Christine Pawley sums up the importance of Dee Garrison's book as follows: "Nearly a quarter-century has passed since the first edition of Apostles of Culture appeared. Since no book-length study of the formation of the American public library has yet challenged Dee Garrison's 1979 analysis, it remains the most recent---and most-cited--- interpretation of the public library's past, a landmark in the history, and the historiography, of libraries and librarianship...For students and researchers who want to understand the development of a field that still suffers the status of the taken-for-granted, Apostles of Culture stands as a historical document. Its reissue allows its historiographical and political---as well as its historical---significance to be more fully appreciated."
In many facets of Western culture, including archaeology, there remains a legacy of perceiving gender divisions as natural, innate, and biological in origin. This belief follows that men are naturally pre-disposed to public, intellectual pursuits, while women are innately designed to care for the home and take care of children. In the interpretation of material culture, accepted notions of gender roles are often applied to new findings: the dichotomy between the domestic sphere of women and the public sphere of men can color interpretations of new materials. In this innovative volume, the contributors focus explicitly on analyzing the materiality of historic changes in the domestic sphere around the world. Combining a global scope with great temporal depth, chapters in the volume explore how gender ideologies, identities, relationships, power dynamics, and practices were materially changed in the past, thus showing how they could be changed in the future.
