ILO pub-WEP pub. Monograph on the appropriate choice of technology to satisfy basic needs in the economic development of developing countries - proposes use of local level technology rather than technology transfer, discusses the role of research and development, extension services, etc., and refers to the need for education and training of technicians and trainers, and to the role of ILO, etc., and includes a directory of development centres dealing mainly with small-scale and rural area technologies. References.
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
The Institute of Medicine study Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001) recommended that an interdisciplinary summit be held to further reform of health professions education in order to enhance quality and patient safety. Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality is the follow up to that summit, held in June 2002, where 150 participants across disciplines and occupations developed ideas about how to integrate a core set of competencies into health professions education. These core competencies include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary teams, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and informatics. This book recommends a mix of approaches to health education improvement, including those related to oversight processes, the training environment, research, public reporting, and leadership. Educators, administrators, and health professionals can use this book to help achieve an approach to education that better prepares clinicians to meet both the needs of patients and the requirements of a changing health care system.
Research is an important part of the World Employment Programme (WEP), but it must form part of a package including technical co-operation, policy advice and field work, and must be policy oriented.
Research and Human Needs considers the interrelationship between scientific research, human needs, and economic order. This book is composed of 15 chapters and starts with an overview of the priorities for scientific research, including the fields of bioscience, technology, and research applied to national needs. Other chapters provide an example of an interdisciplinary course on science and human needs. These topics are followed by discussions of information development through information popularization and the popularization of scientific research through human needs. The final chapters cover topics such as the quality of human life, and human rights and needs. This book is of value to researchers and non-specialist readers.
Compilation of articles on economic and social development in developing countries - covers underdevelopment, development theories, poverty, population, basic needs, employment, choice of technology, income distribution, education, urbanization, rural development, economic development strategies incl. Industrialization trade, import substitution, etc.; reviews role of multinational enterprises, North South dialogue development planning, etc. Bibliography.
