Techniques for Depositing Visible Smoke Trails in the Stratosphere for Measurement of Winds and Turbulence
Techniques for Depositing Visible Smoke Trails in the Stratosphere for Measurement of Winds and Turbulence

Author: William K. Vickery

Publisher:

Published: 1975

Total Pages: 24

ISBN-13:

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Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories conducted two field programs at the White Sands Missile Range to obtain experimental data for the Climatic Impact Assessment Program of the Department of Transportation. These data provide a prediction of the residence time and behavior of exhaust products deposited by supersonic aircraft in the stratosphere. The data were obtained by photographing smoke trails from rockets and aircraft dispensing systems. This report describes the development and flight results of (1) the rocket dispensing system, designed to produce vertical smoke trails over the 12- to 25-km region, and (2) the aircraft dispensing system, designed to produce horizontal trails at 16- and 20-km altitudes.

High Resolution Stratospheric Winds from Chemical Smoke Trail Experiments at White Sands Missile Range and Wallops Island
High Resolution Stratospheric Winds from Chemical Smoke Trail Experiments at White Sands Missile Range and Wallops Island

Author: Antonio F. Quesada

Publisher:

Published: 1982

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13:

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This report describes some recent improvements in the hardware and software used to measure photographic images of chemical smoke trails. It also presents measurements of winds and windshears for five experiments conducted at White Sands Missile Range and Wallops Island from 1973 to 1978. In addition, it discusses sources of error in the measurements and suggests means of reducing the errors to improve the vertical resolution of the wind and windshear profiles.

Urban Climates
Urban Climates

Author: T. R. Oke

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-09-14

Total Pages: 549

ISBN-13: 1108179363

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Urban Climates is the first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates. The book begins with an outline of what constitutes an urban ecosystem. It develops a comprehensive terminology for the subject using scale and surface classification as key constructs. It explains the physical principles governing the creation of distinct urban climates, such as airflow around buildings, the heat island, precipitation modification and air pollution, and it then illustrates how this knowledge can be applied to moderate the undesirable consequences of urban development and help create more sustainable and resilient cities. With urban climate science now a fully-fledged field, this timely book fulfills the need to bring together the disparate parts of climate research on cities into a coherent framework. It is an ideal resource for students and researchers in fields such as climatology, urban hydrology, air quality, environmental engineering and urban design.