Republic of Kazakhstan
Republic of Kazakhstan

Author: International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2017-05-11

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 1475598718

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Kazakhstan continues to withstand challenges from lower oil prices and slower growth in Russia, China, and Europe. While buffers are strong, the shocks exposed vulnerabilities, including dependence on oil and other commodities; gaps in public administration, the business environment, and competitiveness; and long-standing banking weaknesses. The authorities’ response—targeted fiscal support, exchange rate (ER) adjustment, enhanced monetary policy management, and structural reforms focusing on the business climate and the public sector—has stabilized conditions. Growth in 2016 was positive, and a pickup is expected in 2017. Medium-term prospects are subdued, due to continued lower oil prices and conditions in key trading partners. Growth is projected to reach 2.5 percent in 2017 and non-oil growth should reach 4 percent by 2021. This will reflect the implementation of announced reforms, unlocking of bank lending, and a further increase in oil production. Uncertainty is high, given exposure to commodity price developments.

Republic of Kazakhstan
Republic of Kazakhstan

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2002-03-19

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 1451820828

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This 2001 Article IV Consultation for Kazakhstan highlights that real GDP growth in 2001 is expected to be about 13 percent, driven by the strong growth in the petroleum sector and associated spillover effects. Inflation has declined further to 6.4 percent in December (year-over-year). Gross international reserves of the National Bank of Kazakhstan have risen to US$2.5 billion, which provides for about three months of import coverage. The general government surplus is projected to be about 3.3 percent of GDP in 2001, on account of higher oil revenue, but also reflecting economic buoyancy.

CTIA: Consolidated Treaties and International Agreements 2008 Vol 1
CTIA: Consolidated Treaties and International Agreements 2008 Vol 1

Author: Ctia

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2009-09

Total Pages: 504

ISBN-13: 0199732221

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Consolidated Treaties and International Agreements is the only up-to-date publication available that offers the full-text coverage of all new U.S. treaties and international agreements. A unique and thorough indexing system, with indices appearing in each volume, allows quick and easy access to treaties.