Making Fiscal Policy in Japan
Making Fiscal Policy in Japan

Author: Hiromitsu Ishi

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2000-12-07

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 0191590118

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Making Fiscal Policy in Japan is written for those who want to understand the role and performance of fiscal policy as an integral component of macroeconomic policy, and the attendant effects on economic growth. The case explored here is post-Second World War Japan, but the approach is one of international comparison. Ishi traces and analyses the central features of postwar Japanese fiscal policy and considers the institutional framework and policy objectives which shaped the budget process. The first part of the book provides a detailed overview of the topic, with detailed institutional and empirical information. In particular, the role that government played in Japan's postwar economic growth is explored in depth, with specific focus on the four sub-periods of occupation, rapid economic growth, internationalization, and the bubble economy. Part II explains the basic framework of budgets, the budgetary process in Japan, and fundamental strategies of fiscal authority. It looks in depth at the unique aspects of the balanced budget policy for 1953-65 and then at how financial resources for budgeting were automatically generated in a growing economy. The final part analyses specific policy issues in the public sector, among them human resource development, the ageing population and the social security system, tax incentives for export promotion, the Fiscal Investment and Loan Programme, and intergovernmental grant policy. Ishi argues that the Japanese government has been generally passive in guiding the state's economic activities, using fiscal policy to support the private economy rather than directly to influence the economy through deliberate expenditure and tax policies. The approach has been one of enhancing the market rather than of government intervention.

Economic Policy in Postwar Japan
Economic Policy in Postwar Japan

Author: Kozo Yamamura

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2022-04-29

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 0520358600

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Since the end of the Pacific War, Japan has, broadly speaking, pursued two economic policies: a "democratization" policy laid down by the Allied Powers, and subsequently a "de-democratization" policy formulated and vigorously pursued by the independent government. Yamamura here addresses himself to two central questions: What were the objectives and results of each policy? And why and how did the earlier one give way to the later? Yamamura never loses sight of his main theme--the transformation of the economic "democratization" policy of the Occupation period into the growth policy pursued by the Japanese government thereafter. He is concerned not so much to provide a comprehensive study of Japanese economic policy as to examine selected facets of it--for example, taxation policies, anti- and pro-monopoly legislation, the position of the Zaibatsu, and the social costs of economic concentration. He deals with topics that are hotly debated in Japan and elsewhere, but his tone is never polemical, and his judgments are cool and scholarly. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1967.

Asia's New Giant
Asia's New Giant

Author: Hugh T. Patrick

Publisher: Washington : Brookings Institution

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 968

ISBN-13:

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Composite work presenting an analytical study of the economy of Japan, with particular reference to the sources and dynamics of economic growth - covers industrial policy, technology, labour markets, economic policies, banking, economic relations, the tax system, urbanization, political aspects, sociological aspects, cultural factors, etc. References and statistical tables.

The Rise and Fall of the Japanese Economy
The Rise and Fall of the Japanese Economy

Author: Justin Dabner

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Since World War II the Japanese economy has been spectacularly successful. The sources of this success have been the subject of considerable debate. The Government's use of taxation policy in assisting favoured industries has been identified. Whilst there are mixed views as to the significance of this strategy to the economy's transformation, it has been adopted as a template by many of Japan's Asian neighbours. However this strategy has resulted in a close relationship between Government and business that has eroded the Government's independence and made it difficult for it to make hard decisions. In recent decades there has been evidence of policy paralysis, in particular in the Government's reluctance to respond to the demands on taxation policy generated by globalisation and an ageing population. The Government's indecisiveness threatens the country's economic prosperity. There are lessons here for other countries using the Japanese template. Rather than adopting a taxation policy that favours certain businesses maybe an approach that nurtures the free market generally may lead to more sustainable economic growth.

The Japanese Tax System
The Japanese Tax System

Author: Hiromitsu Ishi

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2001-03-01

Total Pages: 458

ISBN-13: 0191529354

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Japan's tax system, which has changed notably through periods of war, post-war reconstruction, rapid economic development, and moderated economic growth, provides outstandingly rich material for in-depth study. In this comprehensive and incisive work, Professor Ishi makes available to English-speaking readers both a detailed description and a perceptive critique of that system. Part I introduces the system in historical and contemporary context and sets out its main features. Part II is devoted to individual income tax - the most important of Japan's taxes - and Part III covers corporate and capital taxation. In Part IV, Professor Ishi provides a detailed analysis of the structure of the indirect tax system in Japan, which proved crucial to tax reform movements in the late 1980s, while Part V discusses the significance of recent tax innovations. This fully revised third edition explores the Japanese government's latest round of tax reforms - a reaction to the country's prolonged period of recession following the collapse of the 'bubble' phenomenon in 1991. Two brand new chapters discuss the effect of environmental taxes and land tax reform, and much of the original data and empirical material has been updated. Professor Ishi's unrivalled experience, including his service on the Tax Advisory Commission (most recently as its Chairman), his activities in scholarly international public finance organizations, and his work in teaching and research, notably in the United States, Italy, and Australia, have enabled him to produce an authoritative and stimulating view of Japan's tax system. His book will be invaluable to all scholars of the theory and practice of taxation.

The Political Economy of Transnational Tax Reform
The Political Economy of Transnational Tax Reform

Author: W. Elliot Brownlee

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-04-28

Total Pages: 689

ISBN-13: 1107355486

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This volume of essays explores the history of the US tax mission to Japan during the occupation following World War II. Under General MacArthur, economist Carl S. Shoup led the mission with the charge of framing a tax system for Japan designed to strengthen democracy and accelerate economic recovery. The volume examines the sources, conduct and effects of the mission and situates the mission within the history of international financial and fiscal reform. The book begins by establishing the context of progressive social investigations of taxation, including Shoup's earlier tax missions to France and Cuba. It then goes on to explore the Japanese background to the Shoup mission and the process by which American and Japanese tax experts shaped their recommendations. The book then assesses and explains the mission's accomplishments in the context of the political economies of the United States and Japan. It concludes by analyzing the global implications of the mission, which became iconic among international tax reformers.

State and Economic Enterprise in Japan
State and Economic Enterprise in Japan

Author: William Wirt Lockwood

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2015-12-08

Total Pages: 764

ISBN-13: 1400879132

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Dealing with the extraordinary economic modernization that has been taking place in Japan since 1868, this is a study of Japan's historical opportunities and the human responses that have molded the vigor of her development. The first half of the book concentrates on the Meiji Era, 1868-1911, when the foundations of modern industrial society and the modem state were being created. The second half focuses on Japan since World War II. The sixteen authors who have contributed to this volume represent much of the best informed scholarship on the economic factors of Japanese modernization. Originally published in 1965. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.