Sulfur Dioxide Control by Electric Utilities
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 48
ISBN-13:
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Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 48
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Curtis Carlson
Publisher:
Published: 2004
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKTitle IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) established a market for transferable sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission allowances among electric utilities. This market offers firms facing high marginal abatement costs the opportunity to purchase the right to emit SO2 from firms with lower costs, and this is expected to yield cost savings compared to a command-and-control approach to environmental regulation. This paper uses econometrically estimated marginal abatement cost functions for power plants affected by Title IV of the CAAA to evaluate the performance of the SO2 allowance market. Specifically, we investigate whether the much-heralded fall in the cost of abating SO2, compared to original estimates, can be attributed to allowance trading. We demonstrate that, for plants that use low-sulfur coal to reduce SO2 emissions, technical change and the fall in prices of low-sulfur coal have lowered marginal abatement cost curves by over 50 percent since 1985. The flexibility to take advantage of these changes is the main source of cost reductions, rather than trading per se. In the long run, allowance trading may achieve cost savings of $700-$800 million per year compared to an "enlightened" command-and-control program characterized by a uniform emission rate standard. The cost savings would be twice as great if the alternative to trading were forced scrubbing. However, a comparison of potential cost savings in 1995 and 1996 with actual emissions costs suggests that most trading gains were unrealized in the first two years of the program.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2000
Total Pages: 37
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) established a market for transferable sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission allowances among electric utilities. This market offers firms facing high marginal abatement costs the opportunity to purchase the right to emit SO2 from firms with lower costs, and is expected to yield cost savings compared to a command and control approach to environmental regulation. This paper uses econometrically estimated marginal abatement cost functions for power plants affected by Title IV of the CAAA to evaluate the performance of the SO2 allowance market. Specifically, we investigate whether the much-heralded fall in the cost of abating SO2, compared to original estimates, can be attributed to allowance trading. We demonstrate that, for plants using low-sulfur coal to reduce SO2 emissions, technical changes and the fall in low-sulfur coal prices have lowered marginal abatement cost curves by over 50% since 1985. The flexibility to take advantage of these changes is the main source of cost reductions, rather than trading per se. In the long run, allowance trading may achieve cost savings of $700-$800 million per year compared to an "enlightened" command and control program characterized by a uniform emission rate standard. The cost savings would be twice as great if the alternative to trading were forced scrubbing. However, a comparison of potential cost savings in 1995 and 1996 with actual emissions costs suggests that most trading gains were unrealized in the first two years of the program."--Abstract.
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Commission on Natural Resources
Publisher: National Academies
Published: 1975
Total Pages: 964
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: A. Denny Ellerman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2000-06-19
Total Pages: 388
ISBN-13: 0521660831
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe book analyzes the behavior and performance of the market for emissions permits, called allowances in the Acid Rain Program, and quantifies emission reductions, compliance costs, and cost savings associated with the trading program."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Seymour Hochheiser
Publisher:
Published: 1964
Total Pages: 62
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Published:
Total Pages: 32
ISBN-13: 142896231X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Published: 1999
Total Pages: 57
ISBN-13: 1428902805
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Denise Fairchild
Publisher: Island Press
Published: 2017-10-12
Total Pages: 290
ISBN-13: 1610918517
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe near-unanimous consensus among climate scientists is that the massive burning of gas, oil, and coal is having cataclysmic impacts on our atmosphere and climate. These climate and environmental impacts are particularly magnified and debilitating for low-income communities and communities of color. Energy democracy tenders a response and joins the environmental and climate movement with broader movements for social and economic change in this country and around the world. Energy Democracy brings together racial, cultural, and generational perspectives to show what an alternative, democratized energy future can look like. The book will inspire others to take up the struggle to build the energy democracy movement.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1990
Total Pages: 152
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis publication provides industry data on electric power, including generating capability, generation, fuel consumption, cost of fuels, and retail sales and revenue.