Encyclopedia of Health Economics

Encyclopedia of Health Economics

Author:

Publisher: Newnes

Published: 2014-02-21

Total Pages: 1663

ISBN-13: 0123756790

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Encyclopedia of Health Economics offers students, researchers and policymakers objective and detailed empirical analysis and clear reviews of current theories and polices. It helps practitioners such as health care managers and planners by providing accessible overviews into the broad field of health economics, including the economics of designing health service finance and delivery and the economics of public and population health. This encyclopedia provides an organized overview of this diverse field, providing one trusted source for up-to-date research and analysis of this highly charged and fast-moving subject area. Features research-driven articles that are objective, better-crafted, and more detailed than is currently available in journals and handbooks Combines insights and scholarship across the breadth of health economics, where theory and empirical work increasingly come from non-economists Provides overviews of key policies, theories and programs in easy-to-understand language


Unobserved Variables

Unobserved Variables

Author: David J. Bartholomew

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-07

Total Pages: 87

ISBN-13: 3642399126

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

​The classical statistical problem typically involves a probability distribution which depends on a number of unknown parameters. The form of the distribution may be known, partially or completely, and inferences have to be made on the basis of a sample of observations drawn from the distribution; often, but not necessarily, a random sample. This brief deals with problems where some of the sample members are either unobserved or hypothetical, the latter category being introduced as a means of better explaining the data. Sometimes we are interested in these kinds of variable themselves and sometimes in the parameters of the distribution. Many problems that can be cast into this form are treated. These include: missing data, mixtures, latent variables, time series and social measurement problems. Although all can be accommodated within a Bayesian framework, most are best treated from first principles.


Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation

Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation

Author: Kenneth Train

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-07-06

Total Pages: 399

ISBN-13: 0521766559

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book describes the new generation of discrete choice methods, focusing on the many advances that are made possible by simulation. Researchers use these statistical methods to examine the choices that consumers, households, firms, and other agents make. Each of the major models is covered: logit, generalized extreme value, or GEV (including nested and cross-nested logits), probit, and mixed logit, plus a variety of specifications that build on these basics. Simulation-assisted estimation procedures are investigated and compared, including maximum stimulated likelihood, method of simulated moments, and method of simulated scores. Procedures for drawing from densities are described, including variance reduction techniques such as anithetics and Halton draws. Recent advances in Bayesian procedures are explored, including the use of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm and its variant Gibbs sampling. The second edition adds chapters on endogeneity and expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms. No other book incorporates all these fields, which have arisen in the past 25 years. The procedures are applicable in many fields, including energy, transportation, environmental studies, health, labor, and marketing.


Panel Data Econometrics

Panel Data Econometrics

Author: Mike Tsionas

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-06-19

Total Pages: 434

ISBN-13: 0128144319

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Panel Data Econometrics: Theory introduces econometric modelling. Written by experts from diverse disciplines, the volume uses longitudinal datasets to illuminate applications for a variety of fields, such as banking, financial markets, tourism and transportation, auctions, and experimental economics. Contributors emphasize techniques and applications, and they accompany their explanations with case studies, empirical exercises and supplementary code in R. They also address panel data analysis in the context of productivity and efficiency analysis, where some of the most interesting applications and advancements have recently been made. - Provides a vast array of empirical applications useful to practitioners from different application environments - Accompanied by extensive case studies and empirical exercises - Includes empirical chapters accompanied by supplementary code in R, helping researchers replicate findings - Represents an accessible resource for diverse industries, including health, transportation, tourism, economic growth, and banking, where researchers are not always econometrics experts


Log-Linear Models for Event Histories

Log-Linear Models for Event Histories

Author: Jeroen K. Vermunt

Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated

Published: 1997-05-13

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Event history analysis has been a useful method in the social sciences for studying the processes of social change. However, a main difficulty in using this technique is to observe all relevant explanatory variables without missing any variables. This book presents a general approach to missing data problems in event history analysis which is based on the similarities between log-linear models, hazard models and event history models. It begins with a discussion of log-rate models, modified path models and methods for obtaining maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of log-linear models. The author then shows how to incorporate variables with missing information in log-linear models - including latent class models, m


Longitudinal and Panel Data

Longitudinal and Panel Data

Author: Edward W. Frees

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2004-08-16

Total Pages: 492

ISBN-13: 9780521535380

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

An introduction to foundations and applications for quantitatively oriented graduate social-science students and individual researchers.


Perspectives on Promotion and Database Marketing

Perspectives on Promotion and Database Marketing

Author: Robert C. Blattberg

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 9814287067

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Pt. 1. Early Bob-- contributions to econometrics and marketing-- pt. 2. Statistical Bob-- contributions to statistical analysis in marketing -- pt. 3. Promotion Bob-- contributions to sales promotions -- pt. 4. Big Bob-- Contributions that were industry-changing


Modeling Ordered Choices

Modeling Ordered Choices

Author: William H. Greene

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-04-08

Total Pages: 383

ISBN-13: 1139485954

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

It is increasingly common for analysts to seek out the opinions of individuals and organizations using attitudinal scales such as degree of satisfaction or importance attached to an issue. Examples include levels of obesity, seriousness of a health condition, attitudes towards service levels, opinions on products, voting intentions, and the degree of clarity of contracts. Ordered choice models provide a relevant methodology for capturing the sources of influence that explain the choice made amongst a set of ordered alternatives. The methods have evolved to a level of sophistication that can allow for heterogeneity in the threshold parameters, in the explanatory variables (through random parameters), and in the decomposition of the residual variance. This book brings together contributions in ordered choice modeling from a number of disciplines, synthesizing developments over the last fifty years, and suggests useful extensions to account for the wide range of sources of influence on choice.


Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data

Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data

Author: Lang Wu

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2009-11-11

Total Pages: 431

ISBN-13: 9781420074086

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Although standard mixed effects models are useful in a range of studies, other approaches must often be used in correlation with them when studying complex or incomplete data. Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data discusses commonly used mixed effects models and presents appropriate approaches to address dropouts, missing data, measurement errors, censoring, and outliers. For each class of mixed effects model, the author reviews the corresponding class of regression model for cross-sectional data. An overview of general models and methods, along with motivating examples After presenting real data examples and outlining general approaches to the analysis of longitudinal/clustered data and incomplete data, the book introduces linear mixed effects (LME) models, generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) models, and semiparametric and nonparametric mixed effects models. It also includes general approaches for the analysis of complex data with missing values, measurement errors, censoring, and outliers. Self-contained coverage of specific topics Subsequent chapters delve more deeply into missing data problems, covariate measurement errors, and censored responses in mixed effects models. Focusing on incomplete data, the book also covers survival and frailty models, joint models of survival and longitudinal data, robust methods for mixed effects models, marginal generalized estimating equation (GEE) models for longitudinal or clustered data, and Bayesian methods for mixed effects models. Background material In the appendix, the author provides background information, such as likelihood theory, the Gibbs sampler, rejection and importance sampling methods, numerical integration methods, optimization methods, bootstrap, and matrix algebra. Failure to properly address missing data, measurement errors, and other issues in statistical analyses can lead to severely biased or misleading results. This book explores the biases that arise when naïve methods are used and shows which approaches should be used to achieve accurate results in longitudinal data analysis.


The SAGE Handbook of Regression Analysis and Causal Inference

The SAGE Handbook of Regression Analysis and Causal Inference

Author: Henning Best

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2013-12-20

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 1473908353

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

′The editors of the new SAGE Handbook of Regression Analysis and Causal Inference have assembled a wide-ranging, high-quality, and timely collection of articles on topics of central importance to quantitative social research, many written by leaders in the field. Everyone engaged in statistical analysis of social-science data will find something of interest in this book.′ - John Fox, Professor, Department of Sociology, McMaster University ′The authors do a great job in explaining the various statistical methods in a clear and simple way - focussing on fundamental understanding, interpretation of results, and practical application - yet being precise in their exposition.′ - Ben Jann, Executive Director, Institute of Sociology, University of Bern ′Best and Wolf have put together a powerful collection, especially valuable in its separate discussions of uses for both cross-sectional and panel data analysis.′ -Tom Smith, Senior Fellow, NORC, University of Chicago Edited and written by a team of leading international social scientists, this Handbook provides a comprehensive introduction to multivariate methods. The Handbook focuses on regression analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal data with an emphasis on causal analysis, thereby covering a large number of different techniques including selection models, complex samples, and regression discontinuities. Each Part starts with a non-mathematical introduction to the method covered in that section, giving readers a basic knowledge of the method’s logic, scope and unique features. Next, the mathematical and statistical basis of each method is presented along with advanced aspects. Using real-world data from the European Social Survey (ESS) and the Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), the book provides a comprehensive discussion of each method’s application, making this an ideal text for PhD students and researchers embarking on their own data analysis.