Government Subsidies

Government Subsidies

Author: Mr.Benedict J. Clements

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 1995-09-01

Total Pages: 58

ISBN-13: 1451851480

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This paper addresses the problems of defining and measuring government subsidies, examines why and how government subsidies are used as a fiscal policy tool, assesses their economic effects, appraises international empirical evidence on government subsidies, and offers options for their reform. Recent international trends in government subsidy expenditure are analyzed for the 16-year period from 1975 to 1990, using general government subsidy data for 60 countries from the System of National Accounts (SNA) and central government expenditure on subsidies and other current transfers for 68 countries from Government Finance Statistics (GFS). The paper reviews major policy options for subsidy reform, focusing on ways to improve the cost-effectiveness of subsidy programs.


Subsidies to Chinese Industry

Subsidies to Chinese Industry

Author: Usha C.V. Haley

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2013-05-02

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 0199773742

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Government subsidies have contributed to China's success as manufacturer and exporter in capital-intensive industries. China's state-capitalist regime uses subsidies to stabilize and create common understandings of markets among governments and firms.


Subsidy Reform in the Middle East and North Africa

Subsidy Reform in the Middle East and North Africa

Author: Mr.Carlo A Sdralevich

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2014-07-09

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 1498350437

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries price subsidies are common, especially on food and fuels. However, these are neither well targeted nor cost effective as a social protection tool, often benefiting mainly the better off instead of the poor and vulnerable. This paper explores the challenges of replacing generalized price subsidies with more equitable social safety net instruments, including the short-term inflationary effects, and describes the features of successful subsidy reforms.


Perverse Subsidies

Perverse Subsidies

Author: Norman Myers

Publisher: Island Press

Published:

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9781610914024

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Outlines hundreds of examples of perverse subsidies that are granted at the expense of the environment. Addresses the implications of perverse subsidies in six leading sectors and shows how these subsidies undercut economies and environments alike.


Subsidies in International Trade

Subsidies in International Trade

Author: Gary Clyde Hufbauer

Publisher: MIT Press (MA)

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book seeks to explain and analyze both the concepts underlying the subsidy problem and the most important of the issues involved.


Energy Subsidy Reform

Energy Subsidy Reform

Author: Mr.Benedict J. Clements

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2013-09-13

Total Pages: 390

ISBN-13: 1484339169

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Energy subsidies are aimed at protecting consumers, however, subsidies aggravate fiscal imbalances, crowd out priority public spending, and depress private investment, including in the energy sector. This book provides the most comprehensive estimates of energy subsidies currently available for 176 countries and an analysis of “how to do” energy subsidy reform, drawing on insights from 22 country case studies undertaken by the IMF staff and analyses carried out by other institutions.


State Subsidies in the Global Economy

State Subsidies in the Global Economy

Author: N. Zahariadis

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2008-02-18

Total Pages: 203

ISBN-13: 023061051X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Using figures from European Union members, the volume highlights the conditional effects of globalization, asset specificity, and domestic institutions. Far from being impotent, democratic states face politically powerful pressures to continue to shield social actors from the vagaries of the global market.


Reverse Subsidies in Global Monopsony Capitalism

Reverse Subsidies in Global Monopsony Capitalism

Author: Dev Nathan

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-05-26

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1009082922

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book provides a firm analytical base to discussions about injustice and the unequal distribution of gains from global production in the form of global monopsony capitalism. It utilizes the concept of reverse subsidies as the purchase of gendered labour and environmental services below their costs of production in garment value chains in India and other garment producing countries, such as Bangladesh and Cambodia. Environmental services, such as freshwater for garment manufacture and land for cotton production, are degraded by overuse and untreated waste disposal. The resulting higher profits from the low prices of garments are captured by global brands, using their monopsony position, with few buyers and myriad sellers, in the market. This book links the concept of reverse subsidies with those of injustice, inequality and sustainability in global production.


Perverse Subsidies

Perverse Subsidies

Author: Norman Myers

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Much of the global economy depends on large scale government intervention in the form of subsidies, many of which are perverse in that they damage economies and environments. This study offers a view of subsidies world-wide with focus on the extent, causes and consequences of perverse subsidies.


The Big Handout

The Big Handout

Author: Thomas Kostigen

Publisher: Scribe Publications

Published: 2012-05-23

Total Pages: 305

ISBN-13: 1921942576

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Just reading the word ‘subsidies’ may cause many people’s eyes to glaze over. We don’t think it affects us directly, so we tune out. But it turns out that this complicated-sounding issue has an enormous impact on all of us. The Big Handout is about bad fiscal, environmental, agricultural, water, energy, health, and foreign policies. And it’s a story about just one thing — subsidies. A subsidy is a grant by the government to a private business that is deemed advantageous to the public. Cotton, wheat, corn, soy, and oil are the most subsidised commodities in the United States. In this eye-opening book, New York Times–bestselling author Thomas Kostigen explores government policies that cost US taxpayers $200 billion per year, or over $1,500 per household. In some cases, they pay more for subsidised goods than they’d pay in a free market — and, in the most shocking abuses of the subsidy system, they pay for goods that aren’t even produced. The Big Handout exposes how artificial pricing hurts US citizens and people worldwide, from our waistlines and pocketbooks to our health. By revealing just how toxic America’s subsidy system has become for everyone — including the way it distorts the prices of goods produced by genuinely free-trade countries such as Australia — The Big Handout is a wake-up call for farmers, consumers, and politicians.