Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Seas - Advances in Research and Technologies
Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Seas - Advances in Research and Technologies

Author: Violin Stoyanov Raykov

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2020-09-17

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 288966015X

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Evolution of the Commons
Evolution of the Commons

Author: J.D. Uffman-Kirsch (LL.M., PhD Candidate, Lisa)

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13:

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Fish stock depletion in the world's oceans and seas is one of the world's most serious environmental problems. In the Greek seas, the problem of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing has devastating effects on island and coastal artisanal fishing villages, members of which have been fishing the seas and supporting their families and communities with their trade for generations.A member of the European Union, Greece is obligated to abide by the regulations and directives of the EU Council, including those pertaining to conservation and management of ocean fisheries. Greece is also a State Party to several international conventions having the same purpose. Despite these binding obligations, the Greek Government has been routinely negligent about implementing these provisions in its marine and fishery ministries, in addition to lax enforcement of existing regulations.For years, implementation of lobbying and policy initiatives regarding the Government's neglect of its fiduciary duty met with limited success. In the meantime, the seas continued to die, as have the artisanal fishing villages so closely linked to them. While these initiatives continue, so does the exploration of alternative approaches. One such approach is the community co-managed Fishery Protected Area (FPA).Within the environ of the Greek seas' semi open access property and their transient, common pool resources “owned” by the sovereign, this paper explores the alternative of self-governance and community action considered within a property-rights scheme. This approach starts from a theory based on stakeholders' shared values as opposed to conflicting interests as recommended by Gerhart, and draws on key best practices from Ostrom's groundbreaking research on governing common-pool resources. Increased utilization of the Greek national courts, European Court of Justice and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea as vehicles for conflict resolution, enforcement compliance, compensatory damage relief and punitive sanctions is also considered. Finally contemplated is application of key principles from these blended concepts for the small-scale coastal artisanal fisheries of the Greek seas.

Incidental catch of vulnerable species in Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries – A review
Incidental catch of vulnerable species in Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries – A review

Author: Carpentieri, P., Nastasi, A., Sessa, M., Srour, A. (eds.)

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2021-06-28

Total Pages: 339

ISBN-13: 9251346313

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Bycatch – a term widely used to refer to part of the catch unintentionally caught during a fishing operation, in addition to target species, and consisting of the discards and incidental catch of vulnerable species – is considered one of the most important threats to the profitability and sustainability of fisheries, as well as to the conservation of the marine environment and ecosystems. Understanding the bycatch issue and adopting effective measures in order to reduce bycatch rates are essential steps towards minimizing the impacts on vulnerable species and ensuring both a sustainable fisheries sector and healthy seas. In the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, the incidental catch of vulnerable species – namely seabirds, sea turtles, elasmobranchs, marine mammals and macrobenthic invertebrates – represents one of several challenges for the industrial, semi-industrial and small-scale fisheries that coexist in the region, as well as for the diverse and sensitive ecosystems impacted. Typically, data on this issue have been collected in an opportunistic manner and in ways that make comparisons difficult. The annual absolute values of incidental catch of vulnerable species are not available: studies cover only a small portion of the total fishing activity and often present important knowledge gaps for many types of fishing gear, countries and/or subregions, as well as on temporal scales, for example, to establish reliable baselines. The result is that little is known of the scope of the problem, despite incidental catch being a significant pressure on the populations of vulnerable species, as well as a concern for fishers.This regional review is an attempt to compile, in one single document, all available data and historical records on the incidental catch of vulnerable species in the Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries, obtained from existing literature, databases and other grey sources, and collated in a standardized and comparable way. The main objective is to provide comprehensive baseline information, earmark the main data gaps, as well as identify the most impacting types of fishing gear by taxonomic group. This work is a reminder of the importance of standardized data collection and the need to have baseline information in order to support decision-making in the identification of appropriate bycatch mitigation techniques, thus enabling analysis of their effectiveness and comparison over time and space, as well as facilitating the implementation of relevant conservation and/or management measures at the national, subregional and regional levels.

Small-Scale Fisheries in Europe: Status, Resilience and Governance
Small-Scale Fisheries in Europe: Status, Resilience and Governance

Author: José J. Pascual-Fernández

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-04-28

Total Pages: 610

ISBN-13: 3030373711

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This book offers a comprehensive account of the status and dynamics of people participating in the small-scale fisheries (SSF) of Europe. It covers the situation of SSF in 25 coastal countries, thereby providing a portrait of almost every coastal country on the continent and analyzing the recent evolution of the sector. Small-scale fisheries are argued to be extremely important in Europe, as they provide employment and welfare, while increasing food sovereignty and maintaining communities in coastal areas. The recent worldwide focus on SSF derives from their environmental sustainability, which distinguishes many of their activities from those of large-scale fisheries. This book analyses the diversity of SSF and shows how fishing communities have sometimes developed successful governing models, demonstrating social and economic resilience. While the book emphasizes the strengths of SSF and the synergies that occur with other marine sectors, it also presents cases of failure, in which collective action and policy have actually contributed to a weakening of the sector. In this context, the book shows how governmental policies toward SSF vary considerably from country to country, in a way that is not entirely consistent with European policies.

Ancient Fishing and Fish Processing in the Black Sea Region
Ancient Fishing and Fish Processing in the Black Sea Region

Author: Tonnes Bekker-Nielsen

Publisher: Aarhus Universitetsforlag

Published: 2005-02-01

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 8779349250

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This volume challenges the orthodox view that fishing and fish played only a marginal role in the economy of the ancient world. In fact, there is archaeological evidence for ancient fish processing on a commercial scale not only in the Mediterranean itself, but also on the Atlantic coast and in the Black Sea region, especially the Crimea. Our literary sources testify to the widespread culinary and medicinal use of salted fish and fermented fish sauces in antiquity, and especially in the first centuries AD. In this book, the authors assess the present state of research on ancient fishing and discuss its implications for the history of the Black Sea region, especially the period of Greek colonization along its shores. While grain has traditionally been viewed as the main export commodity of the Pontic colonies, the existence of salting-vats on the coast of the Crimea indicate production of salt-fish or fish sauce on a large scale, presumably for export. However, many questions remain unanswered: for instance concerning ownership and organization of the processing facilities, or how the finished product was transported to distant markets. Tonnes Bekker-Nielsen teaches ancient history at the University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg.