Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models

Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models

Author: Joe H. Scott

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13:

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This report describes a new set of standard fire behavior fuel models for use with Rothermels surface fire spread model and the relationship of the new set to the original set of 13 fire behavior fuel models. To assist with transition to using the new fuel models, a fuel model selection guide, fuel model crosswalk, and set of fuel model photos are provided.


Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models

Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models

Author: Robert E. Burgan

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-06-25

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13: 9781511599238

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Predicting the potential behavior and effects of wildland fire is an essential task in fire management. Mathematical surface fire behavior and fire effects models and prediction systems are driven in part by fuelbed inputs such as load, bulk density, fuel particle size, heat content, and moisture of extinction. To facilitate use in models and systems, fuelbed inputs have been formulated into fuel models. A fuel model is a set of fuelbed inputs needed by a particular fire behavior or fire effects model. Different kinds of fuel models are used in fire science; this document addresses only fire behavior fuel models for use in the Rothermel (1972) surface fire spread model.


How to Predict the Spread and Intensity of Forest and Range Fires

How to Predict the Spread and Intensity of Forest and Range Fires

Author: Richard C. Rothermel

Publisher:

Published: 1983

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13:

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This manual documents procedures for estimating the rate of forward spread, intensity, flame length, and size of fires burning in forests and rangelands. Contains instructions for obtaining fuel and weather data, calculating fire behavior, and interpreting the results for application to actual fire problems.


Canadian Forest Fire Behavior Prediction (FBP) System

Canadian Forest Fire Behavior Prediction (FBP) System

Author: Kelvin G. Hirsch

Publisher: UBC Press

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13:

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The Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP) System provides a systematic method of assessing fire behaviour. The FBP System has 14 primary inputs that can be divided into 5 general categories: fuels, weather, topography, foliar moisture content, and type and duration of prediction. In the FBP System these inputs are used to mathematically develop 4 primary and 11 secondary outputs. Primary outputs are generally based on a fire intensity equation, and secondary outputs are calculated using a simple elliptical fire growth model. This publication provides diagrams, examples, and exercises that explain the FBP System in a user-oriented manner. This guideline delineates the interpretation of the FBP System's inputs and outputs and details how the predictions are derived.


Guidebook on LANDFIRE Fuels Data Acquisition, Critique, Modification, Maintenance, and Model Calibration

Guidebook on LANDFIRE Fuels Data Acquisition, Critique, Modification, Maintenance, and Model Calibration

Author: Richard D. Stratton

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 60

ISBN-13:

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With the advent of LANDFIRE fuels layers, an increasing number of specialists are using the data in a variety of fire modeling systems. However, a comprehensive guide on acquiring, critiquing, and editing (ACE) geospatial fuels data does not exist. This paper provides guidance on ACE as well as on assembling a geospatial fuels team, model calibration, and maintaining geospatial data and documentation. The LANDFIRE Data Access Tool (LFDAT), an ArcMap extension, and the Wildland Fire Decision Support System (WFDSS) are the primary tools outlined in this guide to obtain the Fire Area Simulator (FARSITE) landscape file (LCP) for geospatial fuels application. Other useful geographic information system (GIS) data acquisition websites and layers for geospatial fire analysis are also provided. Critiquing the data consists of (1) a tabular critique of the inputs using LCP Critique and (2) a geospatial critique of the inputs and outputs using FlamMap and ArcMap. Detailed information is provided on many of the layers that constitute the LCP (fuel model, canopy cover, stand height, crown base height, crown bulk density). Inputs are spatially critiqued using FlamMap and ArcMap in combination with the existing vegetation type layer. Outputs critiqued include flame length, rate of spread, fireline intensity, crown fire activity, and fire growth. Compare-Models-Four and Minimum Travel Time (MTT) are discussed, the WFDSS landscape editor is demonstrated as a tool to edit and update an LCP and a section on model calibration using FARSITE and MTT is included. The paper concludes with direction and discussion on data maintenance, documentation, and complexities of a national fuels dataset for field application.


Fire Science

Fire Science

Author: Francisco Castro Rego

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-09-24

Total Pages: 670

ISBN-13: 3030698157

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This textbook provides students and academics with a conceptual understanding of fire behavior and fire effects on people and ecosystems to support effective integrated fire management. Through case studies, interactive spreadsheets programmed with equations and graphics, and clear explanations, the book provides undergraduate, graduate, and professional readers with a straightforward learning path. The authors draw from years of experience in successfully teaching fundamental concepts and applications, synthesizing cutting-edge science, and applying lessons learned from fire practitioners. We discuss fire as part of environmental and human health. Our process-based, comprehensive, and quantitative approach encompasses combustion and heat transfer, and fire effects on people, plants, soils, and animals in forest, grassland, and woodland ecosystems from around the Earth. Case studies and examples link fundamental concepts to local, landscape, and global fire implications, including social-ecological systems. Globally, fire science and integrated fire management have made major strides in the last few decades. Society faces numerous fire-related challenges, including the increasing occurrence of large fires that threaten people and property, smoke that poses a health hazard, and lengthening fire seasons worldwide. Fires are useful to suppress fires, conserve wildlife and habitat, enhance livestock grazing, manage fuels, and in ecological restoration. Understanding fire science is critical to forecasting the implication of global change for fires and their effects. Increasing the positive effects of fire (fuels reduction, enhanced habitat for many plants and animals, ecosystem services increased) while reducing the negative impacts of fires (loss of human lives, smoke and carbon emissions that threaten health, etc.) is part of making fires good servants rather than bad masters.