Varieties of Clientelism

Varieties of Clientelism

Author: Edward Aspinall

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2022-12-26

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 1000818438

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Clientelism is a prominent feature of many of the world’s democracies and electoral authoritarian regimes. Yet the comparative study of this practice, which involves exchanging personal favours for electoral support, remains strikingly underdeveloped. This book makes the case that clientelistic politics take different forms in different countries, and that this variation matters for understanding democracy, elections, and governance. Involving collaboration by experienced observers of politics in several countries – Mexico, Ghana, Sudan to Turkey, Indonesia, the Philippines, Caribbean and Pacific Island states, and Malaysia – the chapters in this volume unpack the concept of clientelism and show that it is possible to identify different types of patronage democracies. The book proposes a comparative framework that focuses on the networks that politicians use, the type of resources they hand out, their degree of control over the distribution of state resources, and shows that the comparative study of a key informal dimension of politics offers much analytical promise for scholars of democracy and governance. Varieties of Clientelism is essential reading for scholars and students interested in clientelism, patronage democracies, comparative political economy, as well as party politics. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Democratization.


Clientelism, Capitalism, and Democracy

Clientelism, Capitalism, and Democracy

Author: Didi Kuo

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018-08-16

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 1108426085

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In the United States and Britain, capitalists organized in opposition to clientelism and demanded programmatic parties and institutional reforms.


Political Parties and Electoral Clientelism

Political Parties and Electoral Clientelism

Author: Sergiu Gherghina

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-09-26

Total Pages: 142

ISBN-13: 3031372956

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Contemporary political parties often use state resources to win elections. In this context, electoral clientelism evolved from the straightforward vote buying to sophisticated exchanges in which the relationship between patrons (parties or candidates) and clients (voters) is sometimes difficult to grasp. We address the question how do the distributive politics and electoral clientelism interact, how these forms of interactions differ across various context, and what implications they bring for the functioning of political systems. The special issue provides theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions to the burgeoning literature about the multi-faceted feature of electoral clientelism. It unfolds the complex relationship between distributive politics and clientelism, and conceptualizes electoral clientelism as a dynamic process that occurs through different sequences. It enriches the methodological tools aimed at investigating electoral clientelism. Finally, the special issue approaches clientelism from several perspectives and brings together substantive empirical evidence about the varieties of clientelism around the world.


Crafty Oligarchs, Savvy Voters

Crafty Oligarchs, Savvy Voters

Author: Shandana Khan Mohmand

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-05-23

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 1108678203

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How does democracy empower marginalized voters under conditions of inequality? The author probes into this question grounding her research in the context of Pakistan, an emerging democracy whose voters have actively been involved in defining its political history but about whom we know very little. They turn up in sizeable numbers to vote during elections, even under military rule, prompting all kinds of contradictory stereotypes about how Pakistani rural voters behave as electoral cannon fodder. But no one has looked very closely at why they vote as they do, or why they vote at all when their political agency is severely limited by high socio-economic inequality. By using original data collected across different villages and households in rural Pakistan, this book finds that electoral politics enables even the most marginalized voters to strategically further their interests vis-à-vis elite groups, but that persistent inequality limits their ability to organize or compete.


The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics

The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics

Author: Carles Boix

Publisher: Oxford Handbooks Online

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 1035

ISBN-13: 0199278482

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The Oxford Handbooks of Political Science is a ten-volume set of reference books offering authoritative and engaging critical overviews of the state of political science. Each volume focuses on a particular part of the discipline, with volumes on Public Policy, Political Theory, Political Economy, Contextual Political Analysis, Comparative Politics, International Relations, Law and Politics, Political Behavior, Political Institutions, and Political Methodology. The project as a whole is under the General Editorship of Robert E. Goodin, with each volume being edited by a distinguished international group of specialists in their respective fields. The books set out not just to report on the discipline, but to shape it. The series will be an indispensable point of reference for anyone working in political science and adjacent disciplines. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics offers a critical survey of the field of empirical political science through the collection of a set of chapters written by forty-seven top scholars in the discipline of comparative politics. Part I includes chapters surveying the key research methodologies employed in comparative politics (the comparative method; the use of history; the practice and status of case-study research; the contributions of field research) and assessing the possibility of constructing a science of comparative politics. Parts II to IV examine the foundations of political order: the origins of states and the extent to which they relate to war and to economic development; the sources of compliance or political obligation among citizens; democratic transitions, the role of civic culture; authoritarianism; revolutions; civil wars and contentious politics. Parts V and VI explore the mobilization, representation and coordination of political demands. Part V considers why parties emerge, the forms they take and the ways in which voters choose parties. It then includes chapters on collective action, social movements and political participation. Part VI opens up with essays on the mechanisms through which political demands are aggregated and coordinated. This sets the agenda to the systematic exploration of the workings and effects of particular institutions: electoral systems, federalism, legislative-executive relationships, the judiciary and bureaucracy. Finally, Part VII is organized around the burgeoning literature on macropolitical economy of the last two decades.


Brokers, Voters, and Clientelism

Brokers, Voters, and Clientelism

Author: Susan C. Stokes

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-09-23

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 1107042208

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Brokers, Voters, and Clientelism studies distributive politics: how parties and governments use material resources to win elections. The authors develop a theory that explains why loyal supporters, rather than swing voters, tend to benefit from pork-barrel politics; why poverty encourages clientelism and vote buying; and why redistribution and voter participation do not justify non-programmatic distribution.


Votes for Survival

Votes for Survival

Author: Simeon Nichter

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018-11-15

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 1108428363

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Explores the critical role citizens play in sustaining clientelism, despite threats of structural changes, institutional reforms, legal enforcement and partisan strategies.


Patrons, Clients and Policies

Patrons, Clients and Policies

Author: Herbert Kitschelt

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2007-03-29

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 0521865050

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A study of patronage politics and the persistence of clientelism across a range of countries.


Electoral Dynamics in the Philippines

Electoral Dynamics in the Philippines

Author: Allen Hicken

Publisher: National University of Singapore Press

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789813250529

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"The role of clientism, political machines, and money in grassroots electioneering in the Philippines has been much analyzed by those who study the subject, but never as extensively as Allen Hicken, Edward Aspinall, and Meredith Weiss do in Electoral Dynamics in the Philippines. Combining in-depth ethnographic fieldwork in localities across the Philippines during the 2016 elections with polling data and national comparative data, this study sheds light on the organization of elections and electioneering across the Philippines. How do candidates choose to appeal to voters, and how do they get out the vote? How do voters respond to different kinds of appeals? How important are patronage and clientism? What are the networks within which patronage is delivered? What do the political machines look like in elections influenced by social media? The book identifies commonalities and differences across the Philippines while speaking to current debates in political science about elections in developing democracies, the structure and organization of clientelism, and the role of money in elections"--Back cover.


The Political Logic of Poverty Relief

The Political Logic of Poverty Relief

Author: Alberto Diaz-Cayeros

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-02-26

Total Pages: 259

ISBN-13: 1107140285

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The Political Logic of Poverty Relief places electoral politics and institutional design at the core of poverty alleviation. The authors develop a theory with applications to Mexico about how elections shape social programs aimed at aiding the poor. They also assess whether voters reward politicians for targeted poverty alleviation programs.