Special Issue: Observing and Modeling Earth's Energy Flows
Author: Lennart Bengtsson
Publisher:
Published: 2012
Total Pages: 484
ISBN-13:
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Observing and Modeling Earth's Energy Flows
Author: Lennart Bengtsson
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2016-08-23
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9789401779708
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book provides a comprehensive presentation of Earth’s energy flows and their consequences for the climate. The Earth’s climate as well as planetary climates in general, are broadly controlled by three fundamental parameters: the solar irradiance, the planetary albedo and the planetary emissivity. Space measurements indicate that these three quantities are remarkably stable. A minor decrease in planetary emissivity is consistent with theoretical calculations. This is due to the ongoing increase of atmospheric greenhouse gases making the atmosphere more opaque to long wave terrestrial radiation. As a consequence radiation processes are slightly out of balance as less heat is leaving the Earth in the form of thermal radiation than the incoming amount of heat from the sun. Present space-based systems cannot yet satisfactorily measure this imbalance, but the effect can be inferred from the measurements of the increase of heat in the oceans. Minor amounts of heat are also used to melt ice and to warm the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth. The book brings to fore the complexity of feedback processes of the Earth’s climate system and in particular the way clouds and aerosols affect the energy balance both directly and indirectly through feed-back loops driven by the dynamics of atmospheric, ocean and land surface processes. The book highlights recent scientific progress as well as remaining challenges. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 33, Nos. 3-4, 2012
Observing and Modeling Earth's Energy Flows
Author: Lennart Bengtsson
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2012-12-14
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9789400743274
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book provides a comprehensive presentation of Earth’s energy flows and their consequences for the climate. The Earth’s climate as well as planetary climates in general, are broadly controlled by three fundamental parameters: the solar irradiance, the planetary albedo and the planetary emissivity. Space measurements indicate that these three quantities are remarkably stable. A minor decrease in planetary emissivity is consistent with theoretical calculations. This is due to the ongoing increase of atmospheric greenhouse gases making the atmosphere more opaque to long wave terrestrial radiation. As a consequence radiation processes are slightly out of balance as less heat is leaving the Earth in the form of thermal radiation than the incoming amount of heat from the sun. Present space-based systems cannot yet satisfactorily measure this imbalance, but the effect can be inferred from the measurements of the increase of heat in the oceans. Minor amounts of heat are also used to melt ice and to warm the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth. The book brings to fore the complexity of feedback processes of the Earth’s climate system and in particular the way clouds and aerosols affect the energy balance both directly and indirectly through feed-back loops driven by the dynamics of atmospheric, ocean and land surface processes. The book highlights recent scientific progress as well as remaining challenges. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 33, Nos. 3-4, 2012
Energy Flows, Material Cycles and Global Development
Author: Georg Schaub
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2016-06-27
Total Pages: 231
ISBN-13: 3319294954
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book starts by discussing the global flows of energy and materials and changes caused by human activities. It then examines the limitations of anthropogenic energy and material flows and the consequences for the development of human society. Different scenarios for lifestyle patterns are correlated with the future development of the global energy supply and climate. As it provides a process engineering approach to the Earth system and global development, readers should have a basic understanding of mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology. This second edition also reflects new developments since the original publication: increases in anthropogenic energy and material flows due to significant economic growth in certain parts of the world, and recent changes in energy policy and technological development countries, such as Germany (the Energiewende, or transition to renewable energy sources), where goals have been defined and measures initiated for a future energy supply without fossil and nuclear sources. As such, it offers a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students as well as practicing experts alike.
Fluid Flow in Fractured Porous Media
Author: Richeng Liu
Publisher: MDPI
Published: 2019-09-30
Total Pages: 578
ISBN-13: 3039214233
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe fluid flow in fracture porous media plays a significant role in the assessment of deep underground reservoirs, such as through CO2 sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and geothermal energy development. Many methods have been employed—from laboratory experimentation to theoretical analysis and numerical simulations—and allowed for many useful conclusions. This Special Issue aims to report on the current advances related to this topic. This collection of 58 papers represents a wide variety of topics, including on granite permeability investigation, grouting, coal mining, roadway, and concrete, to name but a few. We sincerely hope that the papers published in this Special Issue will be an invaluable resource for our readers.
Proceedings of ICE-SEAM 2021: Special Edition
Author: Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah
Publisher: UTeM Press
Published: 2022-04-01
Total Pages: 50
ISBN-13: 9672792190
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis e-book is a compilation of papers presented at the 7th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials (ICE-SEAM 2021) - Virtual Platform, Malaysia on 23 November 2021. This special edition of proceedings has 17 selected papers that focus on IR4.0, including 3D printing and advanced materials, and how it might impact energy systems in numerous ways for sustainable development, especially during the pandemic COVID19.
Geospace Mass and Energy Flow
Author: James L. Horwitz
Publisher: American Geophysical Union
Published: 1998-02-04
Total Pages: 414
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 104. The International Solar-Terrestrial Program (ISTP) was conceived by the space agencies of numerous countries as a coordinated effort to determine the global flow of mass, energy and momentum through the solar-terrestrial system. The physical region of interest extends from the Sun through the solar wind, to the terrestrial magnetosphere, down to the ionosphere, with the principal focus on the magnetosphere and its coupling with the solar wind and ionosphere. With the launch of NASA's POLAR spacecraft in February 1996, the major elements of the ISTP program were in place. This volume is one of the very first compendiums of both new observations and new modeling results either directly or indirectly deriving from this major ISTP undertaking.
Remote Sensing of Energy Fluxes and Soil Moisture Content
Author: George P. Petropoulos
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2013-10-28
Total Pages: 564
ISBN-13: 1466505788
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIntegrating decades of research conducted by leading scientists in the field, Remote Sensing of Energy Fluxes and Soil Moisture Content provides an overview of state-of-the-art methods and modeling techniques employed for deriving spatio-temporal estimates of energy fluxes and soil surface moisture from remote sensing. It also underscores the range of such techniques available nowadays as well as the operationally distributed networks that provide today in-situ validated relevant observations. The book brings together three types of articles: Comprehensive reviews that examine the developments in concepts, methods, and techniques employed in deriving land surface heat fluxes as well as soil surface moisture on field, regional, and large scales, paying particular emphasis to the techniques exploiting Earth Observation (EO) technology Detailed insights into the principles and operation of the most widely applied approaches for the quantification and analysis of surface fluxes and soil moisture with case studies that directly show the great applicability of remote sensing in this field, or articles discussing specific issues in the retrievals of those parameters from space Focused articles integrating current knowledge and scientific understanding in the remote sensing of energy fluxes and soil moisture, that are highlighting the main issues, challenges, and future prospects of this emerging technology. Designed with different users in mind, the book is organized in four more or less independent units that make specific information easy to find. It presents a discussion on the future trends and prospects, underlying the scientific challenges that need to be addressed adequately in order to derive more accurate estimates of those parameters from space.
Future Advances in Basin Modeling
Author: Willy Fjeldskaar
Publisher: MDPI
Published: 2021-03-11
Total Pages: 366
ISBN-13: 3036502769
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume describes the nature, causes, and consequences of the diverse fluid movements that produce energy and mineral resources in sedimentary basins. The contained papers point to new capabilities in basin analysis methods and models. The processes that operate in the resource-producing thermo-chemical-structural reactors we call sedimentary basins are reviewed. Efficient ways to infer the tectonic history of basins are described. Impacts on hydrocarbon maturation and migration of glacial tilting, magmatic intrusion, salt migration, and fracturing are illustrated. The conditions under which subsurface flow will channel with distance traveled are identified. Seismic methods that can image and map subsurface permeability channels are described. The surface maturation, surface charge, and chemical reaction foundations of creep subsidence are set forth. Dynamic aspects of the hydrogen resource in basins are analyzed. There is much that is new that is presented in these papers with the intent of stimulating thinking and enthusiasm for the advances that will be made in future decades.
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts
Author: S. Böhme
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2013-12-14
Total Pages: 787
ISBN-13: 3662123347
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAstronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, which has appeared in semi-annual volumes since 1969, is devoted to the recording, summarizing and indexing of astronomical publications throughout the world. It is prepared under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union (according to a resolution adopted at the 14th General Assembly in 1970). Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts aims to present a comprehensive documenta tion of literature in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics. Every effort will be made to ensure that the average time interval between the date of receipt of the original literature and publication of the abstracts will not exceed eight months. This time interval is near to that achieved by monthly abstracting journals, compared to which our system of accumu lating abstracts for about six months offers the advantage of greater convenience for the user. Volume 31 contains literature published in 1982 and received before July 15, 1982; some older literature which was received late and which is not recorded in earlier volumes is also included. We acknowledge with thanks contributions to this volume by Dr. J. Bouska, Prague, who surveyed journals and publications in Czech and supplied us with abstracts in English .
