This book emphasises those features in solution chemistry which are difficult to measure, but essential for the understanding of both the qualitative and the quantitative aspects. Attention is paid to the mutual influences between solute and solvent, even at extremely small concentrations of the former. The described extension of the molecular concept leads to a broad view ? not by a change in paradigm ? but by finding the rules for the organizations both at the molecular and the supermolecular level of liquid and solid solutions.
The Chemistry Maths Book is a comprehensive textbook of mathematics for undergraduate students of chemistry. Such students often find themselves unprepared and ill-equipped to deal with the mathematical content of their chemistry courses. Textbooks designed to overcome this problem have so far been too basic for complete undergraduate courses and have been unpopular with students. However, this modern textbook provides a complete and up-to-date course companion suitable for all levels of undergraduate chemistry courses. All the most useful and important topics are covered with numerous examples of applications in chemistry and some in physics. The subject is developed in a logical and consistent way with few assumptions of prior knowledge of mathematics. This text is sure to become a widely adopted text and will be highly recommended for all chemistry courses.
The 52nd Colloid and Surface Science Symposium of the Divis ion of Colloid and Surface Chemistry of the American Chemical Society was held in Knoxville, TN, June 12-14, 1978, and one of its Sections was devoted to the topic of Solution Chemistry of Surfactants. Although it was billed as the Section on Solution Chemistry of Surfactants, but it was indeed a veritable inter national symposium on this topic as 51 papers by about 100 con tributors from 12 countries were listed in the program. The present volume and its companion volume 2 document the proceedings of the above-mentioned Section on Solution Chemistry of Surfactants. In 1976 there was held an international symposium on Micellization, Solubilization and Microemulsions in Albany, l the proceedings of which have been chronicled in two volumes. A great deal of material dealing with micelles contributed by a legion of prominent researchers constitutes these volumes but a few subtopics were not adequately covered; so it was deemed appro priate to cover these topics as well as the recent progress in the general area of aggregation of surfactants in this Section. Also as it is the amphiphilicity or amphipathicity* of a surfact ant molecule which is responsible for both adsorption at inter faces and aggregation in solution, so it was considered quite apropos to include the topic of adsorption at interfaces in this Section. Concomitantly, the present volumes not only cover the aggregation phenomena but also the adsorption at interfaces.
Surfactants have been used for many industrial processes such as flotation, enhanced oil recovery, soil remediation and cleansing. Flotation technology itself has been used in industry since the end of the 19th century, and even today it is an important method for mineral processing and its application range is expanding to other areas. This technology has been used in the treatment of wastewater, industrial waste materials, separation and recycling of municipal waste, and some unit processes of chemical engineering. The efficiency of all these operations depends primarily on the interactions among surfactants, solids and media. In this book, the fundamentals of solution chemistry of mineral/surfactant systems are discussed, as well as the important calculations involved. The influence of relevant physico-chemical conditions are also presented in detail.* Introduces the fundamentals of solution chemistry of mineral/surfactant systems and important calculations involved * Discusses the influence of relevant physico-chemical conditions * Presents the relationship between the molecular structure of the flotation regents of solution chemistry and its characteristics
Inorganic Chemistry in Aqueous Solution reviews the chemistry of the elements in all their oxidation states in an aqueous environment. The nature of ions in solution is described in some detail and enthalpies and entropies of hydration of many ions are defined and recalculated from the best data available. These values are used to provide an understanding of the periodicities of standard reduction potentials. Standard reduction potential data for all of the elements, group-by-group, covering the s and p, d and f blocks of the Periodic Table is also included. Major sections are devoted to the acid/base behaviour and the solubilities of inorganic compounds in water. Inorganic Chemistry in Aqueous Solution is aimed at undergraduate chemistry students but will also be welcomed by geologists interested in this field. Ideal for the needs of undergraduate chemistry students, Tutorial Chemistry Texts is a major series consisting of short, single topic or modular texts concentrating on the fundamental areas of chemistry taught in undergraduate science courses. Each book provides a concise account of the basic principles underlying a given subject, embodying an independent-learning philosophy and including worked examples.
Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition.
Almost everything around us is a combination of different things. These are mixtures and solutions. Seawater, for example, is a solution of salt and water. The engaging text and vivid illustrations in this book will help readers understand how mixtures and solutions form, and how they apply to everyday life.
Solution chemistry deals with liquid solutions in such fields as physical chemistry, chemical physics, molecular biology, statistical mechanics, biochemistry, and biophysics. This book includes experimental investigations of the dielectric, spectroscopic, thermodynamic, transport, or relaxation properties of both electrolytes and non-electrolytes in liquid solutions. The latest research in the world has been selected, gathered and presented here.
This is the first text to cover all aspects of solution processed functional oxide thin-films. Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) comprises all solution based thin- film deposition techniques, which involve chemical reactions of precursors during the formation of the oxide films, i. e. sol-gel type routes, metallo-organic decomposition routes, hybrid routes, etc. While the development of sol-gel type processes for optical coatings on glass by silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide dates from the mid-20th century, the first CSD derived electronic oxide thin films, such as lead zirconate titanate, were prepared in the 1980’s. Since then CSD has emerged as a highly flexible and cost-effective technique for the fabrication of a very wide variety of functional oxide thin films. Application areas include, for example, integrated dielectric capacitors, ferroelectric random access memories, pyroelectric infrared detectors, piezoelectric micro-electromechanical systems, antireflective coatings, optical filters, conducting-, transparent conducting-, and superconducting layers, luminescent coatings, gas sensors, thin film solid-oxide fuel cells, and photoelectrocatalytic solar cells. In the appendix detailed “cooking recipes” for selected material systems are offered.
