Sociophysics Approach to Epidemics
Sociophysics Approach to Epidemics

Author: Jun Tanimoto

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-22

Total Pages: 289

ISBN-13: 9813364815

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This book presents the fundamentals of evolutionary game theory and applies them to the analysis of epidemics, which is of paramount importance in the aftermath of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this monograph is to deliver a powerful tool to model and analyze the spread of an infectious disease during a pandemic as well as the human decision dynamics. The book employs a variant of the “vaccination game,” in which a mathematical epidemiological model dovetails with evolutionary game theory. From a social physics standpoint, this book introduces an extended concept of the vaccination game starting from the fundamental issues and touching on the newest practical applications. The book first outlines the fundamental basis of evolutionary game theory, in which a two-player and two-strategy game, the so-called 2 × 2 game, and a multi-player game are concisely introduced, and the important issue of how social dilemmas are quantified is highlighted. Subsequently, the book discusses various recent applications of the extended concept of the vaccination game so as to quantitatively evaluate provisions other than vaccination, including practical intermediate protective measures such as mask-wearing, efficiency of quarantine compared with that of isolation policies for suppressing epidemics, efficiency of preemptive versus late vaccination, and optimal subsidy policies for vaccination.

Sociophysics Approach to Epidemics
Sociophysics Approach to Epidemics

Author: Jun Tanimoto

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789813364820

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This book presents the fundamentals of evolutionary game theory and applies them to the analysis of epidemics, which is of paramount importance in the aftermath of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this monograph is to deliver a powerful tool to model and analyze the spread of an infectious disease during a pandemic as well as the human decision dynamics. The book employs a variant of the "vaccination game," in which a mathematical epidemiological model dovetails with evolutionary game theory. From a social physics standpoint, this book introduces an extended concept of the vaccination game starting from the fundamental issues and touching on the newest practical applications. The book first outlines the fundamental basis of evolutionary game theory, in which a two-player and two-strategy game, the so-called 2 × 2 game, and a multi-player game are concisely introduced, and the important issue of how social dilemmas are quantified is highlighted. Subsequently, the book discusses various recent applications of the extended concept of the vaccination game so as to quantitatively evaluate provisions other than vaccination, including practical intermediate protective measures such as mask-wearing, efficiency of quarantine compared with that of isolation policies for suppressing epidemics, efficiency of preemptive versus late vaccination, and optimal subsidy policies for vaccination.

Complex Network-Based Global Value Chain Accounting System
Complex Network-Based Global Value Chain Accounting System

Author: Lizhi Xing

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-02-08

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 9811692645

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This book aims to theoretically and empirically enrich the GVC accounting framework with statistical physics and complex network theory from the perspective of econophysics, thus adding up to the existing theories. Besides, it also aims at capturing the essences of network models such as topological complexity, hierarchy, transmissibility, interaction, and causality and reflecting the objective interrelations among economies or between economies and economic systems on the GVC, so as to reveal the inherent evolution of the cross-regional and even global economic systems.

Digital Designs for Money, Markets, and Social Dilemmas
Digital Designs for Money, Markets, and Social Dilemmas

Author: Yuji Aruka

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-05-23

Total Pages: 434

ISBN-13: 9811909377

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An innovative feature of this book is its econocentric structure, focusing on digital designs. From the outset, econocentrism is assumed to be a core engine of capitalism, like money. The new coronavirus pandemic has changed lifestyles worldwide, which are unlikely ever to return in their original form. This great transformation will change the nature of the socio-economic system itself and will be centered on digital designs. At present, money already is beginning to undergo a major revolution in that sense. Many books dealing with digital designs and innovations have been published, but few if any of them focus on monetary and analytical methods in the way that this present volume does.The book then contains 6 parts: Evolution of money and thinking complexities in the AI era; Goods market and the future of labor market; Computational social approaches to social dilemmas, smart city, cryptocurrencies; Artificial market experiments; The randomness and high frequencies in financial data; Other trading strategy issues and the effects of AI usage. These issues may be indispensable subjects in our age. Study these subject, and have a step forward to the future society!

Evolutionary Games with Sociophysics
Evolutionary Games with Sociophysics

Author: Jun Tanimoto

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-11-27

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 9811327696

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Recent applications of evolutionary game theory in the merging fields of the mathematical and social sciences are brilliantly portrayed in this book, which highlights social physics and shows how the approach can help to quantitatively model complex human–environmental–social systems. First, readers are introduced to the fundamentals of evolutionary game theory. The two-player, two-strategy game, or the 2 × 2 game, is presented as an archetype to help understand the difficulty of cooperating for survival against defection in common social contexts. Subsequently, the book explains the theoretical background of the multi-player, two-strategy game, which may be more widely applicable than the 2 × 2 game for social dilemmas. The latest applications of 2 × 2 games are also discussed to explore how integrated reciprocity mechanisms can solve social dilemmas. In turn, the book describes two practical areas in which evolutionary game theory has been applied. The first concerns traffic flow analysis. In conventional interpretations, traffic flow can be understood by means of fluid dynamics, in which the flow of vehicles is evaluated as a continuum body. Such a simple idea, however, does not work well in reality, particularly if a driver’s decision-making process is considered. Various dilemmas involve complex structures that depend primarily on traffic density, a revelation that should help establish a practical solution for reducing traffic congestion. Second, the book provides keen insights into how powerful evolutionary game theory can be in the context of epidemiology. Both approaches, quasi-analytical and multi-agent simulation, can clarify how an infectious disease such as seasonal influenza spreads across a complex social network, which is significantly affected by the public attitude toward vaccination. A methodology is proposed for the optimum design of a public vaccination policy incorporating subsidies to efficiently increase vaccination coverage while minimizing the social cost.

Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases
Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases

Author: Piero Manfredi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-01-04

Total Pages: 329

ISBN-13: 1461454743

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This volume summarizes the state-of-the-art in the fast growing research area of modeling the influence of information-driven human behavior on the spread and control of infectious diseases. In particular, it features the two main and inter-related “core” topics: behavioral changes in response to global threats, for example, pandemic influenza, and the pseudo-rational opposition to vaccines. In order to make realistic predictions, modelers need to go beyond classical mathematical epidemiology to take these dynamic effects into account. With contributions from experts in this field, the book fills a void in the literature. It goes beyond classical texts, yet preserves the rationale of many of them by sticking to the underlying biology without compromising on scientific rigor. Epidemiologists, theoretical biologists, biophysicists, applied mathematicians, and PhD students will benefit from this book. However, it is also written for Public Health professionals interested in understanding models, and to advanced undergraduate students, since it only requires a working knowledge of mathematical epidemiology.

Real-World Applications of Game Theory and Optimization
Real-World Applications of Game Theory and Optimization

Author: Dun Han

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2024-08-16

Total Pages: 205

ISBN-13: 283255329X

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This research topic centers on the practical application of game theory and optimization methods to address complex challenges in real-world contexts. At its core, game theory provides a framework for analyzing strategic interactions among rational decision-makers, while optimization techniques are designed to seek the most favorable outcomes. These tools have proven to be powerful assets across a wide range of domains, from economics and computer science to social sciences and engineering. The following objectives guide this exploration: (i) Understanding Game Theory and Optimization in Real-world Contexts: This objective involves investigating how these mathematical constructs are applied to model and resolve problems across various fields. (ii) Analyzing the Effectiveness of Game Theory and Optimization Techniques: This involves studying real-world case studies and practical applications with the goal of evaluating the performance and efficiency of these methods in practice. (iii) Identifying Potential Areas for Effective Application of Game Theory and Optimization: This objective aims to pinpoint sectors or disciplines that may significantly benefit from the application of these mathematical techniques. The goal of this Research Topic in Frontiers in Physics aims to produce a comprehensive understanding of the real-world applications of game theory and optimization, highlighting their practical impact and potential for future use. It will provide valuable insights for professionals and researchers working in the fields where these techniques can be applied and contribute to the body of knowledge in game theory and optimization. Potential topics include but are not limited to the following: 1. Economics and Business: How are game theory and optimization used to make strategic business decisions and to understand economic phenomena? 2. Computer Science: How do these techniques contribute to areas like network design, machine learning, and algorithm development? 3. Social Sciences: How can game theory and optimization help in understanding social dynamics, designing policies, and resolving conflicts? 4. Engineering and Operations Research: How are these techniques utilized in system design, process optimization, and decision-making?

Sociophysics: An Introduction
Sociophysics: An Introduction

Author: Parongama Sen

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 0199662452

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This book discusses the study and analysis of the physical aspects of social systems and models, inspired by the analogy with familiar models of physical systems and possible applications of statistical physics tools. Unlike the traditional analysis of the physics of macroscopic many-body or condensed matter systems, which is now an established and mature subject, the upsurge in the physical analysis and modelling of social systems, which are clearly many-body dynamical systems, is a recent phenomenon. Though the major developments in sociophysics have taken place only recently, the earliest attempts of proposing "Social Physics" as a discipline are more than one and a half centuries old. Various developments in the mainstream physics of condensed matter systems have inspired and induced the recent growth of sociophysical analysis and models. In spite of the tremendous efforts of many scientists in recent years, the subject is still in its infancy and major challenges are yet to be taken up. An introduction to these challenges is the main motivation for this book.