Social Norms, Bounded Rationality and Optimal Contracts

Social Norms, Bounded Rationality and Optimal Contracts

Author: Suren Basov

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-05-20

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 9811010412

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This book investigates the ways in which social norms and bounded rationality shape different contracts in the real world. It brings into focus existing research into optimal contracts, draws important lessons from that research, and outlines prospects for future investigation. Bounded rationality has acknowledged effects on the power of incentive provisions, such as deviations from sufficient statistic theorem, the power of optimal incentives, and the effects of optimal contracts in multicultural environments. The introduction of social norms to bounded rationality opens up new avenues of investigation into contracts and mechanism design. This book makes an important contribution to the study of bounded rationality by pulling together many separate strands of research in the area of mechanism design, and providing detailed analysis of the impact of societal values on contracts.


Bounded Rationality

Bounded Rationality

Author: Sanjit Dhami

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2022-07-12

Total Pages: 553

ISBN-13: 0262369656

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Two leaders in the field explore the foundations of bounded rationality and its effects on choices by individuals, firms, and the government. Bounded rationality recognizes that human behavior departs from the perfect rationality assumed by neoclassical economics. In this book, Sanjit Dhami and Cass R. Sunstein explore the foundations of bounded rationality and consider the implications of this approach for public policy and law, in particular for questions about choice, welfare, and freedom. The authors, both recognized as experts in the field, cover a wide range of empirical findings and assess theoretical work that attempts to explain those findings. Their presentation is comprehensive, coherent, and lucid, with even the most technical material explained accessibly. They not only offer observations and commentary on the existing literature but also explore new insights, ideas, and connections. After examining the traditional neoclassical framework, which they refer to as the Bayesian rationality approach (BRA), and its empirical issues, Dhami and Sunstein offer a detailed account of bounded rationality and how it can be incorporated into the social and behavioral sciences. They also discuss a set of models of heuristics-based choice and the philosophical foundations of behavioral economics. Finally, they examine libertarian paternalism and its strategies of “nudges.”


Islamic Microeconomics

Islamic Microeconomics

Author: Lukman Hanif Arbi

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-11-01

Total Pages: 113

ISBN-13: 1000989356

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This book bridges the gap between Islamic and conventional (micro)economics by demonstrating how modern tools and theories of microeconomics can be applied to Islamic assumptions regarding economics and finance. In contrast to the tendency for Islamic economics and finance proponents to use qualitative and normative approaches based on idealistic assumptions, this book demonstrates how one can instead construct analytical models of Islamic economics and finance and simply compare the implications with those predominant in today’s world. This book also offers extensive literature reviews demonstrating that for a long time, the gap between Islamic and conventional economics and finance is not as wide as previously thought, allowing those with an interest in both fields to participate more effectively and meaningfully in the ongoing discourse between the two fields. The authors conceptualize a general approach and apply it to basic consumer theory. More advanced microeconomic ideas are then discussed, culminating in demonstrations of how contract theory can facilitate a deeper analysis and appreciation of Islamic financial securities. A wide spectrum of academic literature on both Islamic and conventional economics and finance is drawn upon to facilitate a better appreciation for both fields and to inspire future works comparing the two in a more objective manner.


Optimal Contracts with Heterogeneously Boundedly Rational Consumers

Optimal Contracts with Heterogeneously Boundedly Rational Consumers

Author: Oktay Sürücü

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This paper studies the situation in which consumers are heterogeneously boundedly rational and characterizes the optimal contract for a profit-maximizing monopolist. The bounded rationality considered here is due to context-effects bias. This is a type of cognitive limitation that prevents agents from making context-independent decisions and therefore, leads to the violation of the independence of irrelevant alternatives axiom. Each consumer is affected differently from this limitation, i.e., consumers are diversely context-biased. Using the standard second-degree price discrimination model, we characterize the optimal menu of contracts and show that the seller can exploit consumers' bounded rationality and increase his profit. Our main result is that the optimal contract has either two or three menus depending on the distribution of the parameter i that measures the strength of context-effects bias. The contract with two menus discriminates consumers based only on their preferences, whereas the contract with three menus partitions the consumer set into three subsets based on their preferences and the level of context-effects bias. The latter contract provides a possible explanation to the apparent puzzle why one may observe products of the same quality sold at different prices under different labels.


The Rhetorical Construction of Vegetarianism

The Rhetorical Construction of Vegetarianism

Author: Cristina Hanganu-Bresch

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-03-02

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 1000847756

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This book explores themes in the rhetoric of vegetarian discourse. A vegan practice may help mitigate crises such as climate change, global health challenges, and sharpening socioeconomic disparities, by ensuring both fairness in the treatment of animals and food justice for marginalized populations. How the message is spread is crucial for these aims. Vegan practices thus uncover tensions between individual dietary choices and social justice activism, between ego and eco, between human and animal, between capitalism and environmentalism, and within the larger universe of theoretical and practical ethics. The chapters apply rhetorical methodologies to understand vegan/vegetarian discourse, emphasizing, for example, vegan/vegetarian rhetoric through the lens of polyphony, the role of intersectional rhetoric in becoming vegan, as well as ecofeminist, semiotic, and discourse theory approaches to veganism. The book aims to show that a rhetorical understanding of vegetarian and vegan discourse is crucial for the goals of movements promoting veganism. The book is intended for a wide interdisciplinary audience of scholars, researchers, and individuals interested in veganism, food and media studies, rhetorical studies, human-animal studies, cultural studies and related disciplines. It urges readers to examine vegan discourses seriously, not just as a matter of personal choice or taste but as one vital for intersectional justice and our planetary survival.


Microeconomics With Spreadsheets

Microeconomics With Spreadsheets

Author: Suren Basov

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2016-12-08

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 9813143975

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Microeconomics studies the choices made by individuals under conditions of scarcity of resources and time and the interaction between different decision makers. Scarcity forces economic actors to choose one opportunity among many. Microeconomics with Spreadsheets starts with the mathematical preliminaries and covers consumer theory, producer theory, general equilibrium, game theory, market structure and economics of information.The reader will use numerical tools to analyse problems that cannot be analysed analytically. There is a natural synergy between rigorous proofs and numerical methods, since before using a numerical method one should also prove that a solution exists and analyse whether it is unique, and therefore be able to interpret properly the output of a program.


Partial Differential Equations in Economics and Finance

Partial Differential Equations in Economics and Finance

Author: Suren Basov

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 9781600217067

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This book reviews the basic theory of partial differential equations of the first and second order and discusses their applications in economics and finance. It starts with well-known applications to consumer and producer theory, and to the theory of option pricing and then introduces new applications that emerge from current research (some of which is the author's own) in bounded rationality, game theory, and multi-dimensional screening.


The Economics of Contracts

The Economics of Contracts

Author: Eric Brousseau

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2002-10-17

Total Pages: 604

ISBN-13: 9780521893138

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A 2002 survey of economics of contracts appealing to scholars in economics, management and law.


The Business School Curriculum Debate

The Business School Curriculum Debate

Author: Alexander Styhre

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-03-03

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 1000847403

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With more than 14,000 business schools worldwide, what is included in their curricula matters for how the economy and the corporate system are managed. Business schools should be subject to scholarly inquiries and critical reflection. While many studies of business schools examine its general role in the tertiary education system and in society more broadly, this volume examines how one specific theoretical perspective and a normative model derived therefrom were developed and gradually appropriated within the business school setting. This volume demonstrates that agency theory, based on a daring conjecture that firms can be construed as bundles of contacts, rose to prominence in the business school context. It examines how the elementary proposition of agency theory, that the firm is to be considered theoretically and practically as a "nexus of contracts," was never consistent with corporate law and contract law, and it was empirically unsubstantiated. Business schools are under pressure to teach not only practically useful theories and models, but also theories that are also scientifically qualified. Despite having this ambition, certain theories are widely taught despite failing to live up to such declared ambitions, which means that business schools may be criticized for including theories on ambiguous grounds in the curricula. This book examines how business schools seek to honour the ambition to teach both scientifically verified theories and practically useful concepts and models, and how the tensions derived from this duality may be problematic to handle. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, and advanced students in the fields of management education, organizational studies, and legal theory.


The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics

The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics

Author:

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-05-18

Total Pages: 7493

ISBN-13: 1349588024

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The award-winning The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd edition is now available as a dynamic online resource. Consisting of over 1,900 articles written by leading figures in the field including Nobel prize winners, this is the definitive scholarly reference work for a new generation of economists. Regularly updated! This product is a subscription based product.