Social Choice and Bargaining Perspectives on Distributive Justice
Social Choice and Bargaining Perspectives on Distributive Justice

Author: Wulf Gaertner

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 142

ISBN-13: 3662028115

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It is probably fair to say that there does not exist a unique and generally accepted not ion of justice. Even if one confines oneself to economic justice one can still get many answers to the question of how justice - henceforth we shall use the term "distributive justice" should be defined and characterized. This may be disappointing for the outside observer but one can also view this as achallenge, at least as long as one thinks that distributive justice is an issue economics should be concerned with. Many problems of distributive justice can be described as follows: There is a fixed collection of well-defined objects (usually commodi ties) which are quantitatively measurable and perfectly divisible. This collection is to be divided up among a certain number of individuals, the members of society, let 's say. According to which principles or rules should this distribution be carried out? Should people be rewarded according to their ability or according to their needs? Should the distribution be such that nobody envies the bundle of any other member of society? Should the collection of entities be distributed in a way that yields the greatest benefi.

Theories of Distributive Justice
Theories of Distributive Justice

Author: John E. Roemer

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 9780674879201

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John Roemer has written a unique book that critiques economists' conceptions of justice from a philosophical perspective and philosophical theories of distributive justice from an economic one.

Empirical Social Choice
Empirical Social Choice

Author: Wulf Gaertner

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 1107013941

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The first self-contained analysis of the use of questionnaire data to test theories of distributive justice.

The Handbook of Rational and Social Choice
The Handbook of Rational and Social Choice

Author: Paul Anand

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2009-01-15

Total Pages: 608

ISBN-13: 0191608769

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The Handbook of Rational and Social Choice provides an overview of issues arising in work on the foundations of decision theory and social choice over the past three decades. Drawing on work by economic theorists mainly, but also with contributions from political science, philosophy and psychology, the collection shows how the related areas of decision theory and social choice have developed in their applications and moved well beyond the basic models of expected utility and utilitarian approaches to welfare economics. Containing twenty-three contributions, in many cases by leading figures in their fields, the handbook shows how the normative foundations of economics have changed dramatically as more general and explicit models of utility and group choice have been developed. This is perhaps the first time these developments have been brought together in a manner that seeks to identify and make accessible the recent themes and developments that have been of particular interest to researchers in recent years. The collection will be of particular value to researchers in economics with interests in utility or welfare but it will also be of interest to any social scientist or philosopher interested in theories of rationality or group decision-making.

A Primer in Social Choice Theory
A Primer in Social Choice Theory

Author: Wulf Gaertner

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2009-04-23

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 0191609897

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Processes of collective decision making are seen throughout modern society. How does a government decide on an investment strategy within the health care and educational sectors? Should a government or a community introduce measures to combat climate change and CO2 emissions, even if others choose not too? Should a country develop a nuclear capability despite the risk that other countries may follow their lead? This introductory text explores the theory of social choice. Social choice theory provides an analysis of collective decision making. The main aim of the book is to introduce students to the various methods of aggregating the preferences of all members of a given society into some social or collective preference. Written as a primer suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduates, this text will act as an important starting point for students grappling with the complexities of social choice theory. With all new chapter exercises this rigorous yet accessible primer avoids the use of technical language and provides an up-to-date discussion of this rapidly developing field.

A Theory of Justice
A Theory of Justice

Author: John RAWLS

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2009-06-30

Total Pages: 624

ISBN-13: 0674042603

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Though the revised edition of A Theory of Justice, published in 1999, is the definitive statement of Rawls's view, so much of the extensive literature on Rawls's theory refers to the first edition. This reissue makes the first edition once again available for scholars and serious students of Rawls's work.

Non-Cooperative Planning Theory
Non-Cooperative Planning Theory

Author: Peter Bogetoft

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 314

ISBN-13: 3642486363

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Planning in a general sense is concerned with the design of communication and decision making mechanisms in organizations where information and choice are decentralized. Non-cooperative planning theory as it is developed in this book treats the incentive aspects hereof. It stresses how strategic behavior and opportunism may impede planning, and how this can be coped with via the organization of communication and decision making, the design of information and control systems, and the development of incentive schemes. In particular, the book contains a thorough investigation of incentive provision in information production.

Exogeneity in Error Correction Models
Exogeneity in Error Correction Models

Author: Jean-Pierre Urbain

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 3642957064

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In the recent years, the study of cointegrated time series and the use of error correction models have become extremely popular in the econometric literature. This book provides an analysis of the notion of (weak) exogeneity, which is necessary to sustain valid inference in sub-systems, inthe framework of error correction models (ECMs). In many practical situations, the applied econometrician wants to introduce "structure" on his/her model in order to get economically meaningful coefficients. For thispurpose, ECMs in structural form provide an appealing framework, allowing the researcher to introduce (theoretically motivated) identification restrictions on the long run relationships. In this case, the validity of the inference will depend on a number of conditions which are investigated here. In particular,we point out that orthogonality tests, often used to test for weak exogeneity or for general misspecification, behave poorly in finite samples and are often not very useful in cointegrated systems.

Stochastic Two-Stage Programming
Stochastic Two-Stage Programming

Author: Karl Frauendorfer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 3642956963

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Stochastic Programming offers models and methods for decision problems wheresome of the data are uncertain. These models have features and structural properties which are preferably exploited by SP methods within the solution process. This work contributes to the methodology for two-stagemodels. In these models the objective function is given as an integral, whose integrand depends on a random vector, on its probability measure and on a decision. The main results of this work have been derived with the intention to ease these difficulties: After investigating duality relations for convex optimization problems with supply/demand and prices being treated as parameters, a stability criterion is stated and proves subdifferentiability of the value function. This criterion is employed for proving the existence of bilinear functions, which minorize/majorize the integrand. Additionally, these minorants/majorants support the integrand on generalized barycenters of simplicial faces of specially shaped polytopes and amount to an approach which is denoted barycentric approximation scheme.

Environmental Kuznets Curves
Environmental Kuznets Curves

Author: Michael P. Vogel

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 3642585175

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Environmental Kuznets Curves - one of the most controversial issues of current environmental economics - suggest that economic growth may lead to environmental quality improvements. Why and under which circumstances this may be so, are the questions addressed in this book. The approach taken is formal, using techniques of static and dynamic optimisation. In addition, the main assumptions, arguments and conclusions are also presented in a non-formel way.