Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases
Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases

Author: Sabra L. Klein

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-09-11

Total Pages: 282

ISBN-13: 3031351398

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This fully revised and significantly expanded second edition examines sex and gender differences in the immune system's response to bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. The volume discusses both common and distinct molecular mechanisms that mediate these differences and illustrates how responses to vaccines may differ between the sexes and in pregnant individuals. Special emphasis is placed on the interplay between hormones and the immune system in the pathogenesis of HIV, SARS-CoV-2, influenza, malaria, tuberculosis, and amebiasis. This second edition includes completely rewritten chapters as well as all new contents. This book is intended for researchers in academia and industry as well as clinicians in the fields of microbiology, immunology, and pharmacology. By expanding knowledge in sex and gender medicine as a basis for developing personalized treatment strategies, the book contributes to UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 (health and well-being) and 5 (gender equality).

Sex Differences in Physiology
Sex Differences in Physiology

Author: Gretchen Neigh

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-05-10

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 0128026081

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Sex Differences in Physiology is an all-encompassing reference that details basic science research into sex differences in all physiological fields. It includes scientific discoveries concerning sex differences in cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal physiology. In addition, coverage of the development, endocrinology, neurophysiology, immunity, and metabolism is included, making this important reference a resource that will meet the needs of investigators interested in incorporating sex differences into their research programs, while also providing clinicians with the basis for providing the best sex-based medical treatment options available. Provides a sweeping, organ-by-organ review of currently observed sex differences in animal models and human disease Explains how sex differences influence physiology and disease Provides the critical knowledge on sex differences for better understanding of prevention and treatment of diseases

Sex Hormones and Immunity to Infection
Sex Hormones and Immunity to Infection

Author: Sabra L. Klein

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-10-22

Total Pages: 323

ISBN-13: 3642021557

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Why sex matters Among human and nonhuman animals, the prevalence and intensity of infection typically is higher in males than females and may reflect differences in exposure as well as susceptibility to pathogens. Elevated immunity among females is a double-edged sword in which it is beneficial against infectious diseases but is detrimental in terms of increased development of autoimmune diseases. The present book critically reviews the evolutionary origin and the functional mechanisms responsible for sexual dimorphism in response to infection. It emphasizes the value of examining responses in both males and females to improve our understanding about host-pathogen interactions in both sexes. The contributors are experts in their specific disciplines which range from microbiology and immunology to genetics, pathology, and evolutionary biology. The book aims at bringing insight to the treatment and management of infectious diseases; it delineates areas where knowledge is lacking and highlights future avenues of research.

Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health
Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-07-02

Total Pages: 287

ISBN-13: 0309132975

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It's obvious why only men develop prostate cancer and why only women get ovarian cancer. But it is not obvious why women are more likely to recover language ability after a stroke than men or why women are more apt to develop autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Sex differences in health throughout the lifespan have been documented. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health begins to snap the pieces of the puzzle into place so that this knowledge can be used to improve health for both sexes. From behavior and cognition to metabolism and response to chemicals and infectious organisms, this book explores the health impact of sex (being male or female, according to reproductive organs and chromosomes) and gender (one's sense of self as male or female in society). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health discusses basic biochemical differences in the cells of males and females and health variability between the sexes from conception throughout life. The book identifies key research needs and opportunities and addresses barriers to research. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health will be important to health policy makers, basic, applied, and clinical researchers, educators, providers, and journalists-while being very accessible to interested lay readers.

Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System
Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System

Author: Rebecca M. Shansky

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2015-09-14

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 0128021985

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Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System offers a comprehensive examination of the current state of sex differences research, from both the basic science and clinical research perspectives. Given the current NIH directive that funded preclinical research must consider both females and males, this topic is of interest to an increasing percentage of the neuroscience research population. The volume serves as an invaluable resource, offering coverage of a wide range of topics: sex differences in cognition, learning, and memory, sex hormone signaling mechanisms, neuroimmune interactions, epigenetics, social behavior, neurologic disease, psychological disorders, and stress. Discussions of research in both animal models and human patient populations are included. Details how sex hormones have widespread effects on the nervous system and influence the way males and females function Assists readers in determining how sex impacts their research and practice, and assists in determining how to adjust research programs to incorporate sex influences Includes discussions of research in both animal models and human patient populations, and at various developmental stages Features revised and updated chapters by leaders in the field around the globe—the broadest, most expert coverage available

Handbook on Immunosenescence
Handbook on Immunosenescence

Author: Tamas Fulop

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-02-27

Total Pages: 1693

ISBN-13: 1402090633

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This authoritative handbook covers all aspects of immunosenescence, with contributions from experts in the research and clinical areas. It examines methods and models for studying immunosenescence; genetics; mechanisms including receptors and signal transduction; clinical relevance in disease states including infections, autoimmunity, cancer, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, frailty and osteoporosis; and much more.

Women’s Health and Menopause
Women’s Health and Menopause

Author: R.A. Lobo

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 444

ISBN-13: 1461510619

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The 4th International Symposium on Women's Health and Menopause, organized by the Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Foundation (Milan, Italy and Houston, Texas) focused on the new strategies to improve the quality of life of post-menopausal women. This volume illustrates the findings of this conference and includes information on the age-related degenerative processes occurring after menopause including cardiovascular disease, cancer, fractures and dementia.

Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects
Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects

Author: George S. Eisenbarth

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-12-13

Total Pages: 573

ISBN-13: 1603274782

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Immunoendocrinology is a rapidly developing field of research that seeks to understand the intersection of the immune and endocrine systems. Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects explores in detail the current knowledge of immunoendocrinology, namely endocrine disorders produced by disorders of immune function. Chapters cover both basic pathophysiology informed by studies of animal models as well as current understanding of multiple related clinical diseases—their pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects captures the central role of immunoendocrinologic processes in the pathogenesis of not only type 1 diabetes but in a range of other autoimmune and endocrine disorders.

Sex Hormones and Gender Differences in Immune Responses
Sex Hormones and Gender Differences in Immune Responses

Author: Elena Ortona

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2019-07-31

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 2889459365

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Increasingly clear evidence points to the need to consider gender differences in human health. In this collection of papers, recent research that supports gender differences in the immune system are discussed. We have loosely divided the eBook into two sections. The first section focuses on the role of steroid hormone interactions within the immune system, and their impact on autoimmune diseases, infection and allergy. This section contains comprehensive reviews and an opinion article about this topic. In the following section, original research articles revolve around the effects of the sex hormones on immune response. Two original manuscripts deal with the role of estrogen receptors in autoimmune diseases. Other two research articles discuss the role of the immune system during pregnancy. Finally, differences between males and females in infections are the topic of further two research articles. We are confident this collection of papers will be important for exploring and developing a greater understanding of gender differences in human health and disease.

Mucosal Vaccines
Mucosal Vaccines

Author: Hiroshi Kiyono

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1996-10-23

Total Pages: 501

ISBN-13: 0080537057

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This comprehensive, authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects, and practical applications. The contributing authors and editors of this one-of-a-kind book are very well known in their respective fields. Mucosal Vaccines is organized in a unique format in which basic, clinical, and practical aspects of the mucosal immune system for vaccine development are described and discussed. This project is endorsed by the Society for Mucosal Immunology. - Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines - Applies basic principles to the development of new vaccines - Links basic, clinical, and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases - Unique and user-friendly organization